Unit_3_How_do_you_get_to_schoo1语法学导案.doc

新拨中学英语学科导学案 编号20140302 班级 姓名 课题：Unit 3 How do you get to school?前置性小研究课型：展示引领课主备人：李艳秋 石景会 备课时间： 2014- 4 -2 授课时间2014-4 - 一、前置性小研究：一、英汉互译： subway minute take kilometer part , how far , depend on take a bus get to leave for a number of 二、重点句子讲解：1How do you get to school?你是怎样去学校的？点拨：get to是 之意，后面常接表示 的名词，若后接home, here, there等副词，则get之后省略to。如：我经常是和父母一起去那儿的。 【拓展】get to、reach和arrive。注意：“介词by + 交通工具”来表达“乘”时，by后面所接名词无任何修饰语，名词无词形变化。【考例】Im not sure what time he will _ .Aget to B. arrive atC. arriveD. reach2. I ride my bike to the subway station.我骑自行车去地铁站。点拨：ride to“骑去” 如：他每天骑自行车去上班。 【考例】I _ my motorbike _ the countryside last Sunday.A. ride；to B. rides；to C. rode；to D. ridden；to3. It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus.步行大约需要二十五分钟，坐公共汽车要十分钟。点拨：take 是动词，在此处意为 ，常用于句型“It takes+一段时间+ to do”如：坐车去医院要花半个小时的时间。 【拓展】take 与spend、pay都可指“花费”，但用法上有区别【考例】_ does it _ you to work from your home?A. How far；takeB. How long；takeC. How far；spend D. How long；spend4. In other parts of the world, things are different.在世界的其它地方，情况却不相同。点拨：句中的other是 词. ,意为 。【拓展】other, the other, another的区别：【考例】Some students like singing. _like dancing.A. Other B. Others C. Another D. The other5. In Japan, most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes.在日本，虽然其他的学生也是步行或骑自行车去学校，但是大多数的学生是乘火车去的。点拨：although = though，意为“虽然但是”，引导让步状语从句。although 或though不能与 but同时运用。如：虽然他很穷，但很快乐。 【考例】_ the people in the country are very poor, _ they feel quite happy.A. Although； but B. Although； / C. But； / D. /； But6. In China, it depends on where you are.在中国，它要依据你所处的位置而定。点拨1：depend on 意为 ，on是 词，后面常接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动词-ing 形式或宾语从句。如：它要视天气而定。 （难）点拨2：where you are 是一个宾语从句(即在复合句中作主句的宾语)，故须用陈述句的语序。【考例】Students depend _ their parents for food and clothing.Aon B. inC. byD. from7. Other parts of the world are different from the United States.世界上其他地方和美国不同。点拨：be different from 意为 。different为形容词“不同的”，其名词形式为 ，意为 。【拓展】same与different的用法 结构：the same as与be different from的区别 【考例1】My car is different _ yours.A. to B. with C. from D. about【考例】中国这时候的天气与澳大利亚的是不同的The weather in China _ that in Australia at this time8. How far do you live from school?你住的地方离学校有多远？点拨：live from 如：我住的离学校有10英里。 【考例】_ does it take her to get to school? It takes her around _ minutes.A. How far, twenty-five B. How long, twenty-fiveC. How far, twenty five D. How long, twenty five9. A small number of students 少量的学生点拨：a number of = some，修饰复数名词作定语，谓语用复数。拓展：the number of与a number of的区别【考例】_ of the teachers in our school is 118, and_ of them are women teachers.A. The number；a number B. The number；the numberC. A number；a number D. A number；the number10. Then he leaves for school at around half past six.然后他大约6点半时离开去学校。点拨：leavefor表示 。for后边跟的地方表示要去的地方而不是离开的地方。如：离开北京到上海 。 离开去上海 。【考例】- _will Mr. Smith _ Shanghai? - In a week. He will have a meeting in Shanghai.A. How soon；leave B. How soon；leave forC. How long；leave D. How long；leave for 语法点拨：交通方式的表达和提问以及How引导的特殊疑问句二、合作探究一、交通方式的表达和提问方式1. 在对交通方式提问时，要用疑问副词how来提问。How do you get to school？ 你怎样去学校呢？2. 对于这样的提问我们可以做出如下回答：I walk to school. 我步行去学校。I take a bus to school. 我乘车去学校。I go to school by bus. 我乘车去学校。具体的表达交通方式的用法“takethe/a交通工具名称（地点名词）”意为“乘去某地”。“动词walk, ride, drive, fly等to地点名词”，意为“步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地”。“by交通工具名词”意为“乘”。“on/ in限定词交通工具名词（单数前用a, an, the修饰）”，用以表达具体的交通方式。注意：几种交通方式多可互换，表达意义相同。eg. take the bus to schoolgo to school by busgo to school in/ on the busdrive the/ my car workgo to work by carfly to Shanghaigo to Shanghai by plane/ airtake the / a plane to Shanghaigo to Shanghai in/ on the/ a plane三、知识拓展：How引导的特殊疑问句how及how与一些形容词或副词组成的特殊疑问词（词组），引导特殊疑问句，用法十分广泛，是学习的重点。1. how old意为“多大，几岁”，用以询问“某人的年龄”。2. how about意为“怎么样？”与what about？同义，用以询问对方的意见，是省略句。3. how many意为“多少”，用以询问“可数名词的数量多少”。 它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句? How many apples do you want? 7. how many在句首,名词复数跟着走,一般问句紧相随,其它成分不要丢。对there be句型中主语的数量如:some, five, only one等提问时,如果主语是可数名词,不管主语是单数还是复数一般都用复数形式提问,因为问话人不知道具体的数量是多少,而且many只能接可数名词复数形式,所以be一定要用are.即用 How many+可数名词复数+are there+地点/时间状语?的句型结构。. 例如: 1）. There is a book on the desk. (用how many改为特殊疑问句) How many books are there on the desk? 2）. There are seven days in a week. (对划线部分进行提问) How many days are there in a week? 3how much意为“多少”，用以询问“不可数名词的多少”。how much还表示“多少钱”，用以询问“某物的价格”。How much beef do you want? how much用来询问价格，一般为how much is/ are? 当商品为单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数is.当商品是复数时，谓语动词用复数are。. How much is this coat ? / How much are these apples? 4. how意为“怎样，如何”等，用以提问“程度，方式，状况”等。5对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提问。如：A：How often does he come here? B：Once a month. A：How often do you visit your grandma? B：Once a week.6. how long意为“多久，多长时间”，以此询问“做某事持续了多长时间”。 how long还表示“多长”，用以询问“长度”。 how long有以下两个主要意思： 1. 表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问。 后接延续性动作。 如：A: How long did he stay here? B：About two weeks. How long does it take to get to Wuhan from here? 2. 表示某东西有多长。如： How long is the river? 这条河有多长？7. how soon意为“多久以后”，用以询问“某事将在多久以后发生”，只用于将来时。how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。如： A：How soon will he be back? B：In an hour.。 A：How soon shall we know the results? B：I dont know. 8. how far意为“多远”，用以询问“距离或路程”。 表示“多远”对距离的提问 如：How far is your home from school? 你家离学校有多远？四、巩固练习1. Miss Evans lives far form the company, so she usually _ the subway to work.A. rides B. byC. takes 2. “By water” means _.A. on boat B. by a boatC. taking boat D. by boat3. Do you usually go to school _ bus or _ foot?A. by；byB. by；onC. on；by D. on；on4. - _ is it from Beijing to New York? More than 30000 miles.A. How far B. How longC. How often 5. - How far is it from the bank to the post office? - Its _.A. five minutes walk B.an hour form hereC. three kilometers farD. about one hundred meters6. It will _ you about 13 hours to fly to England from Hong Kong.A. spend B. takeC. use D. pay7. - Excuse me, sir. _ is it to the nearest hotel? - About 15 minutes walk along this roadA. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far8. - _ is the Confucian Temple (孔庙) from here? - It is about 11 minutes walk.A. How many B. How long C. How much D. How far9. - How far is it from your home to the school? - Its about _ .A. 10 minutes walk B. 10 minutes walk C. 10 minutes walk D. 10 minutess walk10. He stopped _ his car to work, and rode a bike.A. driving B. riding C. to drive D. to ride11、That book _ Tracy 10 dollars. A. takes B. costs C. spends12、How can you get from Italy to Brazil? _.A. Can fly B. By air C. By a plane13、How long does it _ you to walk to the cinema? Twenty minutes. A. use B. uses C. take14、_ is it from your home to school? Twenty minutes walk.A. How long B. How far C. How15、Taking a boat to school _ a lot more fun than taking a bus.A. must have B. must be have C. must be16、Please wait _ the bus stop until I come back. The mother told the children.A. for B. in C. at17、Thomas wants to know _.A. where Nina lives B. where does Nina live C. Nina lives where18、Lauras home is 10 kilometers _ the school. A. far B. far from C. away from19、In my school, _ students go to school on a school bus.A. a small number of B. much C. a lot20、Timmy goes to school _ every day. A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot21、Lets go there _ our bikes. A. in B. by C. on22、The lake is different _ the river. A. in B. from C. with23、-_football? _Its a very popular game in China.A. What do you like B. How do you think of C. What do you think of24、-How do you usually come to school? - _ car. A. By B. By a C. In25、She often goes to school on her bike. but sometimes she _.A. walk B. is walking C. walks.26、Is the bus station far _ your home? A. from B. to C. of27、It takes _ thirty minutes to get to school by bike. A. my B. me C. I28、_ do you get to school, Emma? I take a train. A. What B. When C. How29、Mary _ her bike to school every day. A. takes B. rides C. starts30、_ does it take you to get from home to school? Thirty minutes.A. How long B. How many C. How much31、How do the students _ the world get to school? A.