Usinglanguage

Listening Pre listening IsaacNewton1642 1727英国物理学家 经典物理学理论体系的建立者 1665年创立微分 1666年开始研究积分 1666年 开始想到研究重力 gravity 问题 苹果落地的传说 也是在此时发生的轶事 其一生的重大科学思想是在这两年期间 22至23岁 岁形成的 1669年 把 自然哲学的数学原理 宇宙体系 等手稿送到剑桥大学图书馆收藏 晚年研究宗教 AlbertEinstein 1879 1955 质量 m 和能量 E 的相当性 E mc2爱因斯坦在量子论 分子运动论 相对论 TheoryofRelativity 等物理学的三个不同领域取得了历史性成就 特别是狭义相对论的建立和光量子论的提出 推动了物理学理论的革命 他对社会进步事业也有重要贡献 霍金bornin1942 斯蒂芬 藿金是当今科学界的一位传奇性人物 这不仅仅因为他是一位被誉为继爱因斯坦后最著名的科学思想家和最杰出的理论物理学家 还在于他是在常人无法想象的身体状况下进行研究和创造性工作的 blackhole黑洞 黑洞并非只是吞噬物质 除了会在星系形成的过程中扮演重要角色外 在经过一段相当漫长的时间后 黑洞也会把一些曾被它吸入的物质信息向外界释放出来 Listening SummaryBiscorrectbecauseitgivesaclearideaofwhatthelisteningpassageisabout SummaryAisnottrue Thethreescientistswantedtoexplainhowtheuniverseworkedandnothowitbegan SummaryCistoogeneralanddoesnotgiveenoughdetailaboutwhatthelisteningpassageisabout Choosethebestsummary Largebodieshaveaforcewhichpullsthingstowardsthem Inspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend thelargertheobject thefurtherspaceandtimebends Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthemtowardstheiredge Thebiggertheobjectthestrongerthegravity Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity Ifyougoovertheedge youcannotgetout butifyoudonot youmaybeabletoescape THEORIESOFGRAVITY MichaelJonesoftheNewSpaceMagazineistalkingwithspacetravellerLiYanpingaboutchangesinthetheoryofgravity LY DrLiYanpingMJ DrMichaelJones Listeningtext Part1MJ Hello DrLiYanping It ssogoodofyoutotalktome Somestudentsaskuswhythingsalwaysfallbacktoearthifyouthrowthemupintheair Couldyouexplainit LY Well atfirstpeoplethoughtitwasbecausetheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse Ofcoursethatwaswrong OnedaylsaacNewtonwatchedanapplefalltotheground HesaidthatsomethingelsemustbepullingtheapplebacktoEarth Hecalledit gravity MJ Isee Didpeopleaccepthisidea LY Theydid Latertheyworkedoutthatbiggerobjects likethesun havestrongergravitythansmallerindeepspace youcouldn tfallbacktotheearth You rejusttoofaraway Part2 MJ Doesitmeanthere snogravityinspace LY No Inaspaceshipyouwouldfeelthepullasitgotclosertosuchanobject Youwouldtravelfasterandfastertowardsit MJ Untilyouhitit LY Notexactly Youmaypassitveryfastandthenitwouldthrowyououtintospaceagain Afterthatyouwouldslowdowntotheusualspeed MJ Howdoyouknowthis LY In1905Einsteinsaidthatinspacelargeobjectsmakespace timebend thelargertheobject thefurtherspace timebends Sotimegoesslowerinverystronggravity MJ Whataboutblackholes LY That saplaceinspacewhichhassuchastrongmassthatnothingcanescapefromitsgravity Thereisakindofedgearoundthismass Ifyoucrossoverthisedgearoundthismass Ifyoucrossoverthisedge it simpossibleforyoutogetback However ifyoudon tcrossthisedge youcanstillescape StephenHawkinghasdonealotofresearchintoblackholes Hehasshownthatthey spit thingsoutaswellas eat them Extensivereading spacewalk Lookatthepictures ReadandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged 1 Thepullofgravitybecameverystrongshelefttheearth satmosphere Hisweightisnormal 2 Itdisappearedwhenhewasinspace Heisweightless 3 Itwasverylightwhenhewasonthemoon Heweighslessthanonearth 1 LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping anastronomer 上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友 一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行 Languagepoints enough的用法 1 用作代词 作主语或宾语 Youhavedonemorethanenough 你已做得够多了 Ihavehadenough Thankyou 我吃的已经够多的了 谢谢 2 形容词作定语 enough用在名词前 后都可以 Ihaveenoughtimetodothework Ihavetimeenoughtodothework 我有足够的时间做此项工作 3 用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度 enough一般放在形容词或副词的后边 longenough easyenough fastenough quicklyenough等 但一般不说 enoughlong enougheasy enoughfast enoughquickly Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool 这孩子到上学的年龄了 Hecouldn trunquicklyenoughtocatchupwiththecat 他跑的速度太慢 追不上猫 4 用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后 Themeatisnotcookedenough 肉炖得不够熟 IfIhad 足够长的假期 I dvisitEurope stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces alongenoughholiday anenoughlongholiday 2 Thenwewereoff 随后我们就启程了 beoff setoff出发 动身Iamofftoday 我今天不用上班 Weareofftoday 今天我们不上班 今天我们不开张 与off相关的短语 set off送行kickoff踢球jumpoff跳下giveoff散发showoff炫耀 shutoff关闭getoff下车takeoff脱下turnoff关闭payoff付清 还清 3 Whenwegetclosertothemoon weshallfeelitsgravitypullingusbutitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth s 当我们更接近月球时 就会感到月球的引力在拉我们 但是 月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大 getcloseto靠近 接近 指动态变化becloseto距 近 指状态Theschoolisclosetothepostoffice 与get相关的短语 getalong相处融洽 进展等getdownto开始认真对待 开始认真考虑geton上车getthrough到达 通过 办完 花光 钱 时间等 getto到达 getdownto geton getthrough getto getover getup1 Don ttalktoomuch Let s working 2 Hurryup orwe llbelateto thebus 3 It seasyto thedifficulty 4 Ihave alotofpapers 5 Shemanagedto thevillage getdownto geton getover gotthrough getto 1 A be 倍数 as 形容词原级 as B Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe 2 A be 倍数 形容词比较级 than B 4 ButwhenItriedtostepforward IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver 长江差不多比珠江长两倍 Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanthatintheirs 我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍 3 A be 倍数 the 名词 size length amount of B Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大 Doyouregret pay 100dollarsforthepainting No Iwouldgladlyhavepaid 两倍那么多了 forit paying twiceasmuch 讲解 regret后跟动名词的一般式 完成式和不定式的完成式都表示对过去做过的事情感到后悔 跟不定式一般式表示对即将做的事情感到遗憾 常用来表达委婉 twiceasmuch为倍数的表达法 在这里为省略形式 相当于twiceasmuchasthat 5 walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged 既然引力改变了 走路也的确需要练一练了 nowthat同since相似 语气较弱 强调人们已知的事实 Translation 1 既然你忙 就让我给你做吧 Nowthatyouarebusy letmedoitforyou 2 既然人都齐了 咱们开始干吧 Nowthateveryoneisherelet sstartwork 6 Wewatched amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth sgravityincreased breakout它与happen takeplace comeout等词的用法一样 是不及物动词 不能带宾语 不能用于被动语态 1 战争爆发TheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861 美国内战爆发于1861年 2 发生争吵Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem 他们之间发生了争吵 3 火灾 发生Afirebrokeoutinhishouselastnight 昨晚他家里失火了 与break相关的短语 break