2017年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The United kingdom习题.doc

Unit 2The United kingdom【热点话题】Family，friends and people around(家庭、朋友与周围的人)我的母亲体裁：记叙文写作思路：母亲的出生地、家庭背景求学经历成就评价【美文诵读】My_mother_was_a_welleducated_music_teacher,_she_was_born_in_an_ordinary_family_in_Guangdong_Province._She had_a_gift_for music at an early age.She once won first prize in a national competition when she was 8 years old.In 1977，my mother was admitted to a famous university，where she majored in music.After graduation，she was_engaged_in teaching music.She devoted herself to her work.In_order_to_educate_every_student_well，my_mother_worked_until_midnight and cared little for herself.She_achieved_great_successShe will_be_remembered_as an excellent teacher forever.【学海拾贝】请按要求完成或翻译下列句子。1用同位语将合并为一个简单句。My mother，a_welleducated_music_teacher，was born in an ordinary family in Guangdong province.2这小女孩有跳舞的天赋。(have a gift for)The little girl has_a_gift_for dancing.3毕业后，我父亲一直忙于研究工作。(be engaged in)After graduation，my father was_engaged_in_his_research_work4用not.until句型改写。My mother didnt_stop_ work until midnight to educate every student well.5用and将合并为一个简单句。She achieved_great_success and will_be_remembered_as an excellent teacher forever.按要求写出下列单词1省，行政区vince2矛盾，冲突n.conflict3筹备，安排，整理 varrange4组成；在于v.consist5货币；通货n.currency6制度，机制；公共机构 ninstitution7收藏品，珍藏， 收集 ncollection8错误，过失，谬误n.error9壮丽的，辉煌的， 极好的 adj.splendid10塑像， 雕像 nstatue11便利，方便 nconvenience便利的，方便的 adj.convenient不便的adj.inconvenient12使人高兴的adj. enjoyable享受乐趣v.enjoy享乐，快乐n.enjoyment13描述，描写 ndescription描述，描写 vdescribe14可能性n.possibility可能的adj.possible可能地adv.possibly不可能的adj. impossible15高兴；使高兴 n& v. delight感到高兴的 adj. delighted令人高兴的adj.delightful用所给单词的适当形式填空。1Youll find these meals quick and_convenient to prepare.We provide these meals for the_convenience of the customers.(convenience)2What_attracted me first was that there was a big house with an_attractive garden.(attraction)3Tony enjoyed the Chinese food in the restaurant.He said it was a very enjoyable dinner，and I appreciated the fact that he was in full enjoyment of the life in China.(enjoy)4Nothing is impossibleThe poster inspires you to make efforts to achieve your goals.Thats to say，it is_possible to realize your dream if you work hard.Of course，there is also possibility for you to fail even if you work rather hard.(possibly)5To my great delight，my daughter was admitted to Beijing University.All my families were delighted to hear the delightful news.It really delighted us all.(delight).翻译下列短语1由组成(构成)consist_of2(机器)破坏，损坏；(计划等)受挫break_down3值得赞扬；在名下to_ones_credit4把分成o5在方便的时候at_ones_convenience6代替，取代take_the_place_of7脱离，断绝往来break_away_(from)8出错 make_an_error9省去；漏掉leave_out10对有好/坏影响 have_a_good/bad_influence_on选用上述短语完成下列短文。Globe is a publishing group (1)consisting_of 6 publishing houses.(2)To_its_credit_it，many good books and magazines that (3)had_a_good_influence on every aspect came out of the Globe.Ten years ago，one of the 6 publishing houses (4)broke_away_from the Globe and set up the Guide，hoping to (5)take_the_place_of the Globe.But unfortunately，the Guide had to close several months later.重点句型1You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.(p.10)如果你想使你的英国之旅不虚此行，你就必须把眼睛睁得大大的。“make sb./sth.adj.”为“动词宾语宾语补足语”结构，意为“使得”。The result of the experiment made us upset.实验的结果使我们很难过。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)即将到来的假期使每个人都很兴奋。The_coming_holiday_makes_everybody_excited.(2)男朋友的电话令Lucy整晚都开心不已。A_call_from_her_boy_friend_made_Lucy_happy_all_the_night.2It looked splendid when first built！(p.14)刚建成时，它显得金碧辉煌。连词(unless，when)过去分词短语。If asked about the accident，youd better say nothing about it.如果有人问起这次事故，你最好什么都不要说。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)一旦形成，坏习惯将很难改掉。Once_formed,_the bad habits are hard to get rid of.(2)当被问到发生什么事，他突然间哭了。When_asked_what_had_happened,_he burst into tears.3It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(p.14)这似乎是一件怪事，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并在伦敦逝世。It seems/seemed strange that sb.should have done sth.某人竟然这似乎不可思议It_seemed_strange_that he should abandon his wife and children.他竟然抛妻弃子，真是太不可思议了。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他竟然能吃玻璃，这似乎不可思议。It_seems_strange_that he should eat glass.(2)真奇怪，他竟然考试不及格。Its_strange_that_he_should_fail_the_exam.用上述句型翻译下列小片段。一个办公室职员居然能结识一位著名影星，这似乎不可思议。所以，当汤姆被邀请参加著名影星的婚礼时他激动得说不出话来。他想，如果能利用这个婚礼让更多的名人认识自己，他可能就会有一个光明的前景。It_seemed_strange_that_an_office_boy_should_have_made_acquaintance_with_a_film_star.Therefore，Tom_was_too_excited_to_say_a_word_when_invited_to_attend_the_famous_stars_wedding.He_thought_he_could_take_advantage_of_the_wedding_to_make_himself_known_to_more_celebrities_and_that_he_would_have_a_bright_future. 阅读理解解题技巧根据文章的内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识来分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后结合上下文，根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致意思。在解题时，我们可以利用上下文的线索、暗示信息或单词的作用和关系准确推测词义。如：【例】 “My son has been in school for twelve years and he cannot write a sentence，” Tom shouted to the headmaster.“Youve made him an illiterate”解析：依据信息“上学12年”、“不会写一个句子”、“大喊大叫”，可知家长在指责校方，也就不难猜出illiterate意为“文盲”。【例】 One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information.Quite_the_reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with imperfect information.解析：前句说“关于商业的一个错误观点是商业可以看作是完美的信息游戏”，而后句说“商业、政治、生活本身是非常不完美的信息游戏”，由此推之quite the reverse的意思是“正好相反”。温馨提示：我们将分6个单元介绍阅读中猜测词义的常用方法。但是必须牢记，各种方法都是互相联系的，都离不开对上下文的正确理解，所谓词不离句、句不离篇讲的就是这个道理。在解题时，同学们应该综合运用各种方法，根据对语篇的理解，结合上下文，对生词、短语或句子的含义作出准确的、合乎逻辑的猜测。利用上述方法，猜出下列各句画线单词的意思。1The pupils assembled in front of the school hall.They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meet.AgatheredBdisappearedCleft Ddropped解析：从下文的“came together”可知，assembled意为 “集合”。答案：A2People take a_cat_nap when there isnt enough time for a fulllength sleep.Aa short sleep Ba sound sleepCa rest Da glance解析：结合上下文可知a cat nap的意思与a fulllength sleep相反，意为 “小睡、打盹”。答案：A3Fly to the great city of Shanghai and in the evening sample traditional Shanghai food.Visit the beautiful YU Garden，Old Town.Abuy BreserveCtaste Dmake解析：根据sample的宾语 traditional Shanghai food可知，sample在此处的意思是 “品尝”。答案：C4(2015课标全国卷)The fine selections of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid，Spain，and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg，Florida.AArtworks BProjectsCDonations DDocuments解析：猜测词义题。最后一段指出，展出的优秀作品是与其他博物馆合作准备的，包括来自St.Petersburg 的Salvador Dali博物馆的艺术品，故选A项。答案：A5(2015课标全国卷)The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night. Fortunately，I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Aended all their programs.Bprovided fewer channels.Cchanged to commercials.Dshowed allnight movies.解析：猜测词义题。根据文中最后一句“Fortunately，I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.”可知，画线短语的意思为“结束所有的电视节目”。故选A。答案：A第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。(2015湖南卷)In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this：A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help, he replies，“No, thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.” The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水)system, but there simply wasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city. An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys streets by as much as 12 feet. This of course created a new problem：dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice：either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel，which was a sixstory brick building? Thats where George Pullman came in.He had developed some housemoving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel，Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶)beneath the buildings foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time，thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly，the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation，and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicagos early history，every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river.1. The author mentions the joke to show_ Ahorses were fairly useful in Chicago BChicagos streets were extremely muddy CChicago was very dangerous in the spring D. the Chicago people were particularly humorous2The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_Aget rid of the street dirtBlower the Chicago RiverCfight against heavy floodsDbuild the pipes above ground3The underlined word“hoist”in Paragraph 4 means“_”AchangeBliftCrepair Ddecorate4What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?AIt went on smoothly as intended.BIt interrupted the business of the hotel.CIt involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.DIt separated the building from its foundation.语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为历史与建筑。在历史上芝加哥常常发洪水，这使得街道非常泥泞。城市规划者就这一问题采取了诸多措施。1解析：推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知在历史上芝加哥常常发洪水尤其是在春天，这使得街道非常泥泞以至于行人及马和马车陷入泥里。这一则笑话是用来说明芝加哥街道的泥泞的，故选B项。答案：B2解析：事实细节题。由第三段第一句“.Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that.to build the pipes above ground.”可知，D项正确。答案：D3解析：猜测词义题。由画线词后一句“Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily.”可知，hoist与lift为同义词，故B项正确。答案：B4解析：事实细节题。由倒数第二段内容可知A项正确。答案：A第二节七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In high school, its important to stay healthy._1_How can you study well if youre sick？So you should pay attention to your health in order to study well in high school. In order to enjoy good health, you should have some good habits. Here are some tips for you.Drink water regularly every day. Some students dont like drinking water. They only drink water when theyre extremely thirsty._2_You should drink water regularly so that your body and brain can function well. Avoid sports drinks and soda when youre thirsty. They are not good for your health._3_Some students dont eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you shouldnt skip any meal of the day. Eating regularly helps keep your metabolism (新陈代谢)high and keeps your energy up.Its especially important to eat a good breakfast every day with protein, carbohydrates(碳水化合物), and fiber to set up your body for the day of activity. If you dont eat, how can you stay focused in class?Eat the right foods. Some students eat whatever they can get.This is wrong._4_Choose whole grains like rice and whole wheat flours.Skip muffins, donuts，and other processed foods. Instead, choose whole grains, protein，fruits and vegetables._5_If you do that，you can get distracted.Therefore，you may not pay attention to how much you are eating.You may eat too much.Eating too much harms your health.And you may gain too much weight because of it.Try to eat slowly so your brain sends the right signals to tell your belly that its full.ADont skip meals.BThis is bad for your health.CEat a good breakfast every day.DAvoid eating too much at one time.EDont watch TV or movies when you eat.FIf you are unhealthy, you may fall ill easily.GYou should eat the foods that are good for your body.答案：15FBAGE第三节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。What separates people who reach their goals from everyone else is their ability to stay on track, despite challenges._1_will come；you can bet there will be chances for you to_2_track. If youre an athlete，it may be an injury that causes you to have to_3_practices. If youre trying to get to a healthy weight, you may have to travel_4_and stay with a friend who doesnt like to _5_. The point is that some kinds of challenge will_6_How we deal with these challenges_7_the victims from the victors(获胜者)You can use challenges as a stepping _8_or as a block, and you can use them to_9_your ambition or block your view；the_10_is yours.Challenges should_11_to make you stronger and more consistent as you attend to each difficulty. They should cause your_12_to dig deeper，in search of a (an) _13_.The problem arises when you dont_14_challenges. If you can predict potential problems and plan_15_， you will have confidence and your belief in yourself will_16_up.Your ability to stay_17_and overcome difficulties is what will_18_and allow you to achieve your goal.Start working toward your dreams daily. To get started by setting _19_what your next step is to accomplish your goal. Then get into_20_as you move closer to your goal daily.1A.Challenges BPossibilitiesCGoals DAbilities2A.attend to Btake offCstick to Dget off3A.confuse BmissCstrengthen Dappreciate4A.daily BdeliberatelyCunexpectedly Ddisappointedly5A.work out Bput upCget through Dknock over6A.turn BappointCraise Darise 7.A.deserts BsheltersCprotects Dseparates 8.A.expectation BstoneCarrangement Dappointment 9.A.strengthen BignoreCreduce Dproduce10A.promise BpreparationCcomment Dchoice11A.expect BofferCserve Dprovide12. Asigns BrootsCability Dcharacteristics13. Aadaptation BstudyCcomfort Dsolution14A.expect BmeetCaccept Dblame15A.after BbeforehandCotherwise Dactually16A.bring BgetCbuild Dput17A.reduced BdesertedCfocused Dplanned18A.keep you off Bset you apartCfind you out Dget you away19A.out B aboutCup Ddown20A.action BplanCmeasure Deffort 语篇解读：生活中我们会遇到各种各样的挑战，它们可能成为你成功路上的铺路石，也可能成为你实现人生目标的绊脚石，关键在于你如何去选择。1解析：根据上文“despite challenges”可知。challenges是本文的中心词。句意：挑战是一定会来的。答案：A2解析：attend to“照顾”；take off“起飞，脱掉”；stick to“坚持”；get off“离开，脱离”。句意：挑战是一定会有的，可以肯定的是你很有可能会脱轨，离开原来设定的轨道。答案：D3解析：句意：如果你是运动员，挑战就可能是让你错过了练习的伤病。答案：B4解析：根据常识可知，如果想要有健康的体重，就得天天锻炼。答案：A5解析：work out“锻炼”；put up“张贴，搭建”；get through“完成”；knock over“撞翻”。本句是一个定语从句，指那些不愿意锻炼的朋友。答案：A6解析：根据倒数第二段“The problem arises”可知。句意：无论是前面提及的哪一种情况，挑战是都会出现的。答案：D7解析：句意：应对挑战的方式是受害者和胜利者的分水岭。separate.from.“把和分开”。答案：D8解析：stepping stone“垫脚石”。句意：你可以把挑战当成是成功的垫脚石，也可以把挑战当成成功的阻碍。答案：B9解析：句中存在对比关系，根据“block your view”可知选A。句意：你可以使用挑战来加强你的雄心壮志，也可以用挑战来阻塞你的视野。答案：A10解析：根据上文对待挑战的不同态度可知，此处指这些都是个人自己的选择。答案：D11解析：serve to“对有用”。句意：挑战应该对你有用，能够让你更坚强更有毅力。答案：C12解析：根据后面的“to dig deeper”可知选B。答案：B13解析：句意：为了寻找到问题的解决方法，这些挑战能够让你的根部扎得更深。答案：D14解析：根据文意可知，此处指当你不愿意接受挑战的时候，问题就出现了。答案：A15解析：beforehand“之后”。句意：如果你能够预见可能存在的问题，之后做出计划和准备，你就会有自信了。答案：B16解析：bring up“抚养，抚育”；get up“起床，起来”；build up“建立，成立”；put up“张贴，搭建”。本句是指当我们能够事先预测并做出计划，我们就能够建立起自信。答案：C17解析：句意：你的集中注意力和克服困难的能力是让你突出并实现自己的目标的关键所在。答案：C18解析：keep off“远离，不接近” set apart“分开，使突出”；find out“发现，查明”；get away“摆脱”。此处指使自己突出。答案：B19解析：set out“动身，出发”；set about“着手，开始”；set up“建立，成立”：set down“写下，记下”。句意：把你要做的下一步写下来，通过这样的方法开始就可以实现你的目标了。答案：D20解析：句意：你采取行动的时候就每天都会接近你的目标了。答案：A第四节语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?The answer depends largely 1._cultural values as w