新课程背景下英语教学策略研究.docx

杭州师范大学研究生学位课程试题及答卷二级学院外国语学院专 业学科教学（英语）研究生姓名卢岳松学 号2015112007040考试课程名称课程与教学论授课时间2015-2016学年第1学期周学时数2.0学分数2.0评语考核论题*A Study on Effective Teaching strategies of English under the New Curriculum Reform Background成绩平时成绩任课教师签名：年 月 日考试成绩总评成绩新课程改革背景下英语有效教学策略研究A Study on Effective Teaching strategies of English under the New Curriculum Reform Background摘要 改革的核心是课程改革，而课程改革的核心是课堂教学的改革。当前我国英语教学现状不容乐观，存在着许多与新课程标准不相适应的教学理念和教学方式，提高英语教学质量任务迫在眉睫。为了适应时代和国家发展的需要，我国进行了新一轮英语课程改革。培养学生的综合语言运用能力，促进学生的全面发展，是此次课程改革的总目标。因此，要实现课程目标，必须进行课堂教学改革，实现英语有效教学。 论文一共分为三个部分。第一部分主要分析在英语新课程改革背景下对英语进行有效教学策略研究的必要性和意义。第二部分对课程改革背景下英语有效教学理论的探讨。第三部分从教学的准备，实施和评价三个方面进行英语有效教学策略深入研究。关键词：新课程; 英语教学; 策略 ABSTRACT The core of reform is curriculum reform, and the core of curriculum reform is the reform of classroom teaching. The current English teaching in China is not optimistic. There are many teaching modes and teaching notion which go against the new curriculum in the present English teaching. Therefore, improving the quality of English teaching is imminent. In order to meet the requirements of the era and the development of our country, our country carries out a new round curriculum reform of English 中华人民共和国教育部.英语课程标准(实验稿).北京:北京师范大学出版社，2001. The main goal of this curriculum reform is to cultivate the students comprehensive language competence, and to promote the students full scale development. To achieve course objectives, it is essential to carry out classroom teaching reform and to implement English teaching effectively. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part analyzes the necessity and the significance of the study on the effective teaching strategies of English under the new curriculum background. The second part explores the effective teaching theory of English under the new curriculum background. The third part makes a through research on effective teaching strategies of English from three aspects: teaching planning, teaching implementation, and teaching evaluation.Key Words: new curriculum; English teaching; strategyContentsThe First Chapter The Necessity and the Significance of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English61.1 The Necessity of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English61.2 The Significance of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English7The Chapter Two Theoretical Research on Effective English Teaching under the New Curriculum Background92.1 The Connotation of Effective Teaching92.2 The Core of Effective Teaching-Learning-Oriented Theory102.3 Influencing Factors of Effective Teaching11The Chapter Three Strategies for effective teaching of English under the New Curriculum Background123.1 Teaching Preparation Strategies123.2 Teaching Implementation Strategies123.2.1 Questioning Strategies123.2.2 Presentation Strategies133.2.3 Rational Process Strategies133.3 Teaching Evaluation Strategies13References15The First Chapter The Necessity and the Significance of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English1.1 The Necessity of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English With the new curriculum promoted, English teachers have kept trying to apply new ideas and methods to classroom teaching, and have carried on some bold attempt, at the same time ,have gained a lot of successful experience. But when we go deep into the English teaching practice, we will find that many unsatisfactory things still existed in the present English teaching, such as the inefficient English teaching, invalid phenomenon, mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. The fuzzy objective, optional teaching. Every teacher have a clear understanding of the importance of the teaching objective. However, when formulating the teaching objective, they are prone to neglect the requirement which should be specific, clear, and targeted. In English teaching, the teacher have no idea about to what extent the students should grasp the knowledge of the lesson, which will result in optional teaching. For example, the following are some objectives in an English lesson: 季燕.让英语课堂教学实现高效益.中国教育报(基础教育版)，2006, 7:1。Knowledge aims:to teach new words,to learn the text. Ability aims: to improve the students ability of reading. The teacher didnt clear indicate the students should grasp to what extent the words, and how to improve the ability to reading. On the contrary, the teachers always make the most of the time to teach them how to make a summary. Thus, we can know that it is impossible to teach English efficiently with the fuzzy objective. 2. Apprehend without comprehending. Some English teachers regarded adopting some new teaching methods as a symbol of advancing. Actually, they didnt study the method of the theory seriously, and really understand the specific operation of this method no matter whether it is appappropriate or not. The task-based approach is one of the typical methods advocated in the new curriculum. Some English teachers only change the name of the activities, and think of it as utilization of the task-based approach. There is no link between tasks and tasks, the teacher also no clear idea on how to complete tasks, as a result, it takes a lot of time without related efficiency. There are large numbers of English teachers considering the task-based as advanced one, that is to say, PPP method is out fashioned and traditional. These ideas have a negative effect on the efficiency in English classroom teaching. English classroom teaching under the guidance of the new curriculum which emphasizes the interest, exploration and scene design. However, some teachers only pay attention to the interest and neglect the scientific nature in the leading in stage. During the process of teaching, some teachers attach great importance on scene design, ignore the time and efficiency. Designing the scene cost lots of time, which brings about no opportunity for the students to think, to inspire their interest. Some of the scenes have nothing to do with the subject. So all of these ultimately affect the efficiency of classroom teaching. 3.Inefficient classroom activities. The curriculum reform require that paying attention to the receptive learning, rote, mechanical training status doesnt mean mechanical training is useless. Some English teachers only care about the learning atmosphere, completely ignore the basic language knowledge and language skills. For example, some teachers presented many easy problems for the students to discuss. It seems like they are heated discussed, actually, the discussion is inefficient. At present, the introduction of effective strategies in English teaching is essential and important.1.2 The Significance of the Study on the Effective Teaching Strategies of English This study proposed can supplement and enrich teaching research, which can play a positive role in the implementation of the new English curriculum. Specifically, the significance of this study lies in the following two aspects: Firstly, the research on effective strategies of English teaching is of great significance to change the inefficient or ineffective English teaching, which has very important realistic meaning. In addition, it is essential to improve the English teaching and learning efficiency. Secondly, attaching great importance to and strengthening the research on the effectiveness of English teaching is urgently demanded to the English curriculum reform. With the gradual expansion and deepening of the new round of curriculum reform, the connotation of teaching effectiveness and its measurement standards are also gradually changed from one-sided too much emphasis on imparting knowledge to comprehensive effective classroom teaching. Therefore, in this trend, how to utilize the classroom language teaching mostly, how to scientifically guide, design, implement, evaluate classroom language teaching to get the maximum efficiency, and to promote the development of every student become the major issues for the teacher to consider. An important solution to this problem is to make the teachers having the idea of effective teaching and the strategy of effective teaching. Otherwise, even if we have the ideal curriculum plan, curriculum standards and textbooks, it is helpless to the English teaching. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to explore the effective teaching of English in the new curriculum reform. The Chapter Two Theoretical Research on Effective English Teaching under the New Curriculum Background 2.1 The Connotation of Effective TeachingOn the definition of effective teaching, the academia have not yet formed a unified view. There are two main categories for the definition of effective teaching at home and abroad. The first one is to define the effective teaching according to the relation between teaching input and output. 张璐.再议有效教学.教育理论与实践，2002, 3: 48-50, Effective teaching means that in a certain teaching investment, time, energy, effort can bring the best teaching effect which is the best effective teaching. 姚利民.大学有效教学特征之研究.现代大学教育，2001, 4: 42-440。Effective teaching means that teachers follow the objective law of teaching activities, and achieve as much as possible the teaching effect and a specific teaching objectives, to meet the needs of the community and the individual with a minimum of time,energy, as well as material. 程红.张天宝.论教学的有效性及其提高策略.中国教育学刊，1998, 5: 37-400。The second one is to define the effective teaching regarded the development of the students as the point of departure. Effective teaching means that promote effective learning of students, the goal of teaching is to make students learn. These two kinds of definitions are very reasonable, but there are not perfect places: the first definition of teaching behavior in the teaching process is not much, the second definition ignored the teaching process factors. Based on these two kinds of definitions, this paper argues that the effective teaching of English is: the effectiveness of the teaching process is in line with the rules of English teaching, successfully cause,maintain, and promote the learning of the students, relatively achieve the expected teaching effect of English teaching. In this definition,“the effectiveness of the teaching process is in line with the rules of English teaching, successfully cause,maintain, and promote the learning of the students”means that learning is the process of teaching and learning, is the condition of effective teaching. Teaching effect refers to the progress and development of students. “The expected teaching effect” refers to the progress and development of the students which consistent with the educational objectives, and in accordance with the specific social and educational needs. “Relative” here refers to the maximum teaching output will be get with the minimum teaching input. In the traditional English teaching, people pay more attention to whether the teaching activities are consistent with anticipated teaching objectives. In this way, the teaching efficiency can be defined as the master of the language knowledge and language skill. Under the background of the new curriculum, the essence and connotation of effective teaching has been further developed, which includes the following aspects: Firstly, the teaching plays a very important role in students studying. Teaching effect is the result of teaching activity, which focused on the progress and the development of the students. Therefore, the only indicator to measure the effectiveness of the teaching is that students have made progress or not. After teaching, students can make some progress in language knowledge, knowledge skill, affects, learning strategies, and cultural awareness. Secondly, Effective teaching means that in a certain teaching investment, time, energy, effort can bring the best teaching effect which is the best effective teaching. Thirdly, English teaching activities not only achieve the value and the goal of it, but the teaching results is in line with the anticipated teaching objective from the society and the person.2.2 The Core of Effective Teaching-Learning-Oriented Theory 陈厚.德基础教育新概念一有效教学.北京:教育科学出版社，2004. 25-30。 Students are the masters of learning. Without the active participation of students, teaching is bound to be blind and ineffective. Therefore, effective teaching should be based on the students knowledge and experience. Taking the students learning as the center, It can be referred to as the “Learning Center”. Learning center theory is the core concept of modern effective teaching. All the basic concepts of effective teaching are based on this, which includes two aspects: Firstly, the Learning Center Theory advocated the establishment of teaching and learning, the basic relationship of the modern teaching of teachers leading role and students subject status. The teaching process is the process of mutual communication between teachers and students under a certain condition. The teaching regards the students as the center, not only to mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of students, but also pay attention to the leading role of guiding, organizing, and managing from the teachers. Secondly, the Learning Center Theory advocates the modern teacher-student relationship which is the establishment of equal cooperation, teaching benefits teachers as well as students. According to the above teaching and learning of modern education, promoting students learning and development is the basic purpose and the only standard of effective teaching. To motivate and mobilize the students initiative, activeness and self-consciousness in learning is the starting point and foundation of effective teaching; It is the essence and core of effective teaching to provide and create appropriate teaching conditions and to make students form effective learning.2.3 Influencing Factors of Effective Teaching The influencing factors of effective teaching refers to the factors that affect the teaching activities and promote the teaching to achieve the desired teaching effect. In a broad sense, all the factors in the teaching process, such as the teaching environment, the teacher, the students and the teaching content, may affect the teaching. For English curriculum, the influencing factors of effective teaching is mainly reflected in three aspects: Firstly, Correct teaching idea is the premise of effective teaching in English. Concept is the guide of action, and a certain teaching concept will lead to the corresponding classroom teaching behavior. Therefore, to achieve effective teaching, we must establish the correct teaching concept. Under the background of the new curriculum, English teachers must establish a new concept of students, teaching view, teacher student view and curriculum view. Secondly, the establishment of good classroom scene is the guarantee of effective teaching in English. In English teaching, teachers create a real, concrete, vivid, language scene, which is useful to provide sufficient examples to activate the language knowledge, stimulate students interest to learn English, inspire students thinking, and develop students intelligence. Eventually it will make the students learning more effective. Thirdly, proper teaching strategy is the key to effective teaching of English. In teaching, the teacher always encounters some problems, such as what and how to teach? The solution to these question depends on the specific teaching situation, and take appropriate teaching behavior to face it. Actually, the process to solute the problems is the strategies executed. Appropriate teaching strategies can help students form effective learning strategies and improve their learning efficiency, which has a direct impact on the students learning effect. Implementing appropriate teaching strategies is the key to effective teaching.The Chapter Three Strategies for effective teaching of English under the New Curriculum Background 邵瑞珍.教育心理学.上海:上海教育出版社，1988. 2810。Teaching is a systematic work, including the preparation of teaching, the implementation of teaching, teaching evaluation and other aspects, to truly achieve effective teaching, teachers must master the corresponding teaching strategies.3.1 Teaching Preparation Strategies Teaching preparation, which is usually called lesson preparation, refers to something the teachers in the teaching activities before the implementation prepared. In the context of the new curriculum, “preparing for lessons” is a preparation for the course of teaching, rather than just to prepare for textbooks. To prepare for teaching, teachers need to work from the following three aspects: Firstly, to understand the students learning situation, and analyze the students learning needs. Student is the subjectivity of learning. The effective development of teaching depends on the participation of students. To ensure students active participation, classroom design must meet the students practical needs. Do not understand the students actual situation, or not master the characteristics of the teaching of students, it is bound to be blind and invalid. Secondly, flexibly process curriculum resources, activate teaching content. English curriculum resources, including English teaching materials and other learning materials and auxiliary facilities, which are conducive to the development of students comprehensive language ability. English teaching material is the main basis for teachers to carry out teaching. It is the object of students learning, and the source of students construction of cognitive structure. Teachers should change the wrong ideas of teaching materials, and use English teaching materials reasonably and effectively. Thirdly, establish