景观英语单词.doc

景观英语单词1.建筑Villan.别墅,城郊小屋pavilionn.n.亭子，阁pergola廊架、花架securityhut安全岗亭roofline屋檐线hexageval六边形void窗棂elevation立面section剖面plan平面masterplan总平面perspective透视图image意向图legendn.传说,伟人传,图例setoutmasterplann.定位图keyplann.索引图arcade.n.建拱廊,有拱廊的街道tobuild,toconstruct建设,建筑,修建architecture建筑学building修筑,建筑物house房子skyscraper摩天大楼blockofflats公寓楼(美作:apartmentblock)monument纪念碑palace宫殿temple庙宇basilica皇宫,教堂cathedral大教堂church教堂tower塔,塔楼ten-storeyofficeblock十层办公大楼column柱colonnade柱列arch拱townplanning市政(美作:cityplanning)buildingpermission营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt绿地elevation建筑物的三面图plan设计图scale比例尺toprefabricate预制excavation挖土,掘土foundations基tolaythefoundations打地基courseofbricks砌好的砖列scaffold脚手架scaffolding脚手架2.植物(1.名称分类观赏树木ornamentaltreeandshrub观叶植物foliageplant观果植物fruit-effectplant观枝干植物plantswithornamentaltrunksandbranches指示植物indicatingplant主景植物accentplant耐湿植物damptolerantplant抗风植物wind-resistantplant耐盐碱植物saline-alkalitolerantplant市花cityflower市树citytree国花nationalflower国树nationaltree芳香植物fragrantplant抗污染植物pollutionresistantplant环保植物environmentprotectingplant高山植物alpineplant岩生植物rockplant攀缘植物climbingplant,climber地被植物groundcoverplant阴生植物shadeplant装饰植物decorativeplant装缘植物edgingplant绿蓠植物hedgeplant草坪植物lawnplant,lawngrass花坛植物beddingplant球根植物bulbousplant宿根植物perennialplant,perennial水生植物aquaticplant,hydrophyte旱生植物xerophyte沼泽植物bogplant,swampplant室内装饰植物indoordecorativeplant,houseplant切花cutflower垂枝植物pendulousplant,weepingplantgragrant香气,花草芳香espalier树墙缠绕植物twiner,twinningplant针叶植物needle-leavedplant阔叶植物broad-leavedplant斑叶植物variegate-leavedplant松柏植物conifer常绿植物evergreenplant半常绿植物semi-evergreenplant不耐寒植物tenderplant半耐寒植物half-hardyplant耐寒植物hardyplant耐旱植物droughtenduringplantSHADETREES遮荫树(2.结构名词bole树身branch树枝bough大树枝branchesandknots枝节knot树节bark树皮bark/rind树皮burl枝节anthotaxy花序dust花粉branch树枝limb树干perennial多年生的plantingintent植物意向potpourri花香planting植物leaves花瓣petaline花瓣的perianth花被lacy/lace花边的nervation叶脉bush灌木藤:bine藤蔓ratan藤茎knot树节greenhouse花房leafiness/leafy叶茂盛leptophymous叶片狭长的planting/vegetation植物nursery苗圃crownofatree树冠branch/wooded/timbered树木繁茂的border花坛子nursery苗圃hydrophyte/waterplant水生植物pottedplants盆景pith木髓plantscape植物景观defoliate树叶,植物defoliate/defoliation/shatter落叶espalier树墙florescence花期bush灌木greenhouse花房floriated花形的feature花絮footstalk/leafstalk叶柄flowerstalk花柄flowerpot花钵florescence花期hassock/tussock/tuftofgrass草丛size=4/sizeheliotrope紫红色limb树干leafiness/leafy叶茂盛leptophymous叶片狭长的leafage树饰lawns草地,草坪floriated花形的feature花絮fade凋谢festoon花彩frutex/rosebush/shrub/shrubbery灌木hedge树篱,障碍物hydrophyte/waterplant水生植物fade/blast/wilt/dampoff/dieaway枯萎florescence花期gragrant香气,花草芳香perianth花被perennial多年生的plantingintent植物意向pottedplants盆景pith木髓plantscape植物景观potpourri花香orchard果园ripeness/ripe/mature/opportune成熟,果子herb草本植物hedge树篱,障碍物hassock/tussock/tuftofgrass草丛(3.乔木hemlockspruce铁杉arbor乔木branchy枝繁的紫红色:birch白桦baobab猴面包beech山毛榉blackthorn黑刺coconuttree椰子树coco椰树cypress柏树cycad苏铁camphortree樟树cerdar雪松cottonwood三角叶杨date枣椰子ebony乌檀elder接骨木encalytus桉树elm榆木frutex/rosebush/shrub/shrubbery灌木fade/blast/wilt/dampoff/dieaway枯萎forest树林fir冷杉fallwaterplazainforest叠水树林grove小树林ginkgo银杏树Zelkovazelkeve植榉属,光叶榉树cherryblossom樱花locust洋槐metasequoiametesikwoie植水杉hickory山核桃树hemlockspruce铁杉horsechestnut七叶树李树洋槐larchla:th落叶松属植物,其木材落叶松juniper杜松encalytus桉树elm榆木ginkgo银杏树larch落叶松juniper杜松pine松pineforest松树林poplar白杨pine松poplar白杨planetree悬铃树palmtree棕树palm棕榈horsechestnut七叶树李树/colorforest树林fir冷杉fallwaterplazainforest叠水树林grove小树林cypress/saipris/柏树、柏树属植物(4.小乔木fuchsia海棠oilpalm油棕榈laurel/lorel/植月桂树,桂冠,殊荣vt.使戴桂冠,授予荣誉maple枫树lilac紫丁香redbud紫荆magnolia木兰osier紫皮柳树oak橡树oilpalm油棕榈peach桃子redbud紫荆(5.小灌木wisteria柴藤dogwood山茱萸hawthorn山楂camellia山茶hydrangea八仙花hibiscus木槿peony芍药azalea杜鹃amaranth苋菜hydrangea八仙花yucca丝兰box黄杨holly冬青hickory山核桃树herb草本植物wisteria柴藤dogwood山茱萸hawthorn山楂camellia山茶hibiscus木槿peony芍药azalea杜鹃rhododendron杜鹃花Brazil巴西木camellia山茶花peony牡丹peony芍药rose玫瑰rose月季azalea杜鹃花gardenia栀子night-bloomingcereus仙人掌cactus仙人掌(6.地被crocus番红花daffodil水仙花lilac紫丁香rose玫瑰花tulip郁金香balsam凤仙花canna美人蕉lily百合花jasmine茉莉sweetpea香豌豆花sunflower向日葵geranium大竺葵morning-glory牵牛花cosmos大波斯菊pansy三色堇poppy罂粟花marigold金盏花carnation麝香石竹amaryllis孤挺花dahlia大丽花pink石竹花crocus番红花 iris蝴蝶花hyacinth风信花daffodil黄水仙chrysanthemum菊marguerite,daisy雏菊gladiolus剑兰canturyplant龙舌兰orchid兰花freesia小苍兰cyclamen仙客来begonia秋海棠anemone银莲花dogwood山茱萸hawthorn山楂camellia山茶hydrangea八仙花hibiscus木槿peony芍药azalea杜鹃rhododendron杜鹃花daphne瑞香gardenia栀子lilac紫丁香apple苹果pear梨orange桔子quince柑橘apricot杏plum洋李pistil雌蕊ovary子房petal花瓣anther花药stamen雄蕊nectargland蜜腺sepal萼片stalk花柄pollen花粉begonia秋海棠carnation麝香石竹(康乃馨)Chineseenkianthus灯笼花Chinesefloweringcrab-apple海棠花chrysanthemum菊花dahlia大丽花daisy雏菊datura曼陀罗epiphyllum昙花fringediris蝴蝶花fuchsia倒挂金钟Indiacanna美人蕉jasmine茉莉lilac丁香lily百合mangnolia木兰花mangnolia玉兰花morningglory牵牛(喇叭花)narcissus水仙花oleander夹竹桃orchid兰花pansy三色堇phalaenopsis蝶兰setoseaspaagus文竹touch-me-not(balsam)凤仙花tulip郁金香violet,stockviolet紫罗兰waterhyacinth凤眼兰艺术名词（Arts）work作品workofart艺术作品masterpiece杰作plasticarts造型艺术graphicarts形象艺术FineArts美术artgallery画廊,美术馆salon沙龙exhibition展览collection收藏author作者style风格inspiration灵感,启发muse灵感purism修辞癖conceptism格言派,警名派Byzantine拜占庭式Romanesaue罗马式Gothic哥特式Baroque巴洛克式Rococo洛可可式classicism古典主义,古典风格neoclassicism新古典主义romanticism浪漫主义realism现实主义symbolism象征主义impressionism印象主义ArtNouveau新艺术主义expressionism表现主义Fauvism野兽派abstractart抽象派,抽象主义Cubism立体派,立体主义Dadaism达达主义surrealism超现实主义naturalism自然主义existentialism存在主义futurism未来主义农业（Agriculture）land,soil土壤arableland,tilledland耕地drysoil旱田fertilesoil沃土,肥沃的土壤humus腐殖质irrigableland水浇地leansoil,poorsoil贫瘠土壤wasteland,barrenland荒地grass草grassland草地meadow草甸prairie大草原pastureland牧场toliefallow休闲fallow休闲地stubble,stubblefield亩茬地straw,hay稿杆ruralpopulation农村人口ruralexodus农村迁徙landreform,agrarianreform土地改革mechanizationoffarming农业机械化mechanizedfarming机械化耕作farm农场cattlefarm奶牛场ranch大农场,牧场hacienda庄园holding田产plot,parcel,lot地块cooperativefarm合作农场collectivefarm集体农场country,countryside农村countryman农民,农夫countrywoman农民,农妇agronomist农学家latifundium,largelandedestate大农场主farmer农户producer农业工人settle佃户landowner地主,土地拥有者absenteelandlord外居地主smallholder,smallfarmer小农rancher牧场主tenantfarmer,leaseholder土地租用人sharecropper佃农ploughman农夫,犁田者farmlabourers农场工人,农业工人(美作:farmlaborers)farmhand农场短工cattlefarmer牧场工人cowherd,cowboy牛仔shepherd牧人fruitgrower果农vinegrower葡萄栽植者vintager采葡萄者farming,husbandry农业animalhusbandry,animalbreeding畜牧业dairyfarming乳品业,乳牛业horticulture园艺marketgardening商品蔬菜种植业fruitgrowing果树栽培vinegrowing,viticulture葡萄栽培olivegrowing油橄榄栽培arboriculture树艺学silviculture造林学agriculturalproducts,farmproducts农产品foodstuffs食品dairyproduce,dairyproducts乳制品dairyindustry乳品加工业cropyear,farmingyear农事年season季节agricultural,commoditiesmarket农业市场livestock牲畜农作物CROPSorchard果园potato土豆persimmon柿子cone松果aubergin茄子cereals,grain谷物coarsegrain谷粒rye黑麦barley大麦oats燕麦millet粟,黍sorghum高粱bran麸;糠flour,meal粗磨谷粉wheat小麦springwheat春小麦maize玉米(美作:corn)maizecob玉米棒子(美作:corncob)rice稻buckwheat荞麦tea茶coffee咖啡cocoa可可树coca古柯tobacco烟草hop蛇麻;啤酒花tubercrops块茎作物sugarcane甘蔗sugarbeet糖用甜菜potato马铃薯sweetpotato甘薯vegetables蔬菜carrot胡萝卜cassava,manioc木薯turnip芜菁yam山药;薯蓣pulses,leguminousplants豆类植物bean菜豆pea豌豆chick-pea鹰嘴豆lentil小扁豆soyabean大豆(美作:soybean)forageplants饲料作物foddergrain饲用谷物clover三叶草lucern,lucerne苜蓿(美作:alfalfa)textileplants纤维植物cotton棉;草棉flax亚麻hemp大麻potato土豆Americanagave龙舌兰sisal剑麻;西沙尔麻kapoktree木棉树jute黄麻Manilahemp马尼拉麻raffia酒椰yucca丝兰oilplants油料植物sunflower向日葵groundnut,peanut落花生olive油橄榄olivetree油橄榄树sesame芝麻castoroilplant蓖麻rapeseed油菜籽rubbertree橡胶树resinplant树脂植物mangrove红树fruits水果fruittree果树grapevine葡萄藤grape葡萄城市CITYcentreofpopulation城市city城capital首都metropolis大都市centre市中心(美作:center)shoppingcentre商业区municipality市政当局municipal市的,市政的district区residentialarea居民区,住宅区urban市区的suburb近郊区outskirts郊区slums贫民窟,贫民区shantytown贫民区village村hamlet小村hole,dump狭小破旧的住房locality所在地Chinesequarter唐人街extension范围,扩展house房子building楼房skyscraper摩天楼flat居住单元,套房shop,store商店departmentstores百货公司bazar,bazaar市场market市场,集市junkshop旧货店newsstand报摊CommodityExchange商品交易所StockExchange股票交易所townhall市政厅Lawcourt法院church教堂cathedral大教堂chapel小礼拜堂cemetery墓地,公墓grave,tomb坟,墓school学校university大学library图书馆theatre剧院(美作:theater)museum博物馆zoologicalgarden动物园fairground,funfair游乐园stadium体育场generalpostoffice邮局station车站artmuseum美术馆artgallery画廊botanicalgarden植物园monument纪念碑publictelephone公共电话publiclavatory公共厕所nationalhighway国道trafficlight交通灯barracks兵营气象学meteorologyatmosphere大气climate气候elements自然力量(风、雨)temperature气温tobewarm,tobehot天气热tobecold天气冷season季节spring春summer夏autumn秋(美作:fall)winter冬 frost霜hail冰雹snow雪thunder雷wind风mist雾cloud云haze霾rain雨downpour,shower暴雨storm,tempest暴风雨lightning闪电landwind陆风hurricane飓风cyclone旋风typhoon台风whirlwind龙卷风gale季节风gustofwind阵风breeze微风fog浓雾dew露水humidity潮湿freeze冰冻snowflake雪花snowfall降雪waterspout水龙卷deadcalm风平浪静Indiansummer小阳春drought干旱颜色COLOURpink粉红色salmonpink橙红色babypink浅粉红色shockingpink鲜粉红色brown褐色,茶色beige灰褐色chocolate红褐色,赭石色sandybeige浅褐色camel驼色amber琥珀色khaki卡其色maroon褐红色green绿色mossgreen苔绿色emeraldgreen鲜绿色olivegreen橄榄绿blue蓝色turquoiseblue土耳其玉色cobaltblue钴蓝色,艳蓝色navyblue藏青色,深蓝色,天蓝色aquamarineblue蓝绿色red红色scarlet绯红,猩红mauve紫红winered葡萄酒红purple,violet紫色lavender淡紫色lilac浅紫色antiqueviolet古紫色pansy紫罗兰色white白色off-white灰白色ivory象牙色snowywhite雪白色oysterwhite乳白色gray灰色charcoalgray炭灰色smokygray烟灰色mistygray雾灰色lavender淡紫色pompadour/rosiness淡红色magenta红紫色lavender淡紫色heliotrope紫红色pompadour/rosiness淡红色平面1:1000PLANKEY广场1PublicSquare厦门会展中心主楼2XICECExhibitionandConferenceBuilding会展，商务北楼3Exhibition/conference/businessbuildingnorth会展，商务南楼4Exhibition/conference/businessbuildingsouth易之影(遮阳屏)5IChingshadowscreen.90x90x20mhigh草坪广场6Lawnsquare大型电子显示屏7Eletronicscreen.庆典长廊，直达三楼连至滨海陆地885x42elevated12maboveplazalevelCeremonialrampsuptosecondfloorconnectingthroughtoseasideparkland集主席台9Podiumforpublicaddresses99国旗杆10Linesof99flagpoles中国国旗11Chineseflagpole空旷的园林，软绿地一侧之浅水体，连接海面到前广场，养殖观赏鱼及水生植物.12Landscapeofemptiness,Yin,Shallowwaterbodyconnectingforeshoretofrontsquare.Accommodatesfishandplants空旷的园林,硬绿地一侧之浅水体，连接海面到前广场，布置石之园林.13Landscapeofemptiness,Yang.Shallowwaterbodyconnectingforeshoretofrontsquare.Accommodatesrockgarden鱼池与水生植物区14Fishpondswithwaterplanting开花与落叶绿林15Oasislandscapeofdeciduousandfloweringtrees大型常绿乔木绿林16Landscapeoflargeevergreentrees临水桥17Bridgeslevelwithponds进入地下交通枢纽的扶梯及楼梯18Escalatorsandstairsdowntotransportinterchange入口门斗19Canopiesover进入交通枢纽的车行坡道20Rampsdowntovehicularinterchange建筑入口21Buildingentries交通枢纽上空的天窗带22Comboflightwellstotransportinterchangebelow连接人行景点的6M宽观景步道236mpathsconnectingpedestriannodes水流经过的拼块式步道24Masonrypathswithwaterflowingbetweenblocks有水体及植物的庭园25Courtyardwithwaterbodiesandplantinglandscape变之园。落叶及开花的动态林园26Landscapeofchange.Deciduous,flowering,dynamiclandscape恒之园。常绿规整的种植及石林园27Landscapeofpermanence.Evergreenformalplantingwithinstonelandscape波形绿墙。遮挡货物装卸28Ha-haundulatinglandscapedwall,screeningloadingbayfromview交通枢纽车辆出口处瀑流30Watercascade涓流31Flowingwaterbody临水木步道32Timberpathsatwaterlevel水体下车行坡道。服务性交通道33Rampunderwaterbodyforexhibition200300客房的四星级宾馆34transport200-300roomfourstarhotel宾馆服务区35Hotelloadingbays宾馆地下车库出口坡道36Rampexitfromhotelundergroundparking宾馆地下车库入口坡道37Rampentrancefromhotelunderground宾馆大堂入口及相应设施38Hotelreceptionandfacilities五星级宾馆入口(一期辅楼中)39Entrancetofivestarhotel宾馆临时停车。自由形种植及停车40Hoteltemporaryparking.Randomplantingandrandomparking穿过水面的车道。为大型展览交通服务型展览交通服务41Roadthroughwaterbody.Servesoccasionaloversizedtransportforexhibitionbuilding进入广场的平桥42Flatbridgeentryintosite对游客及居民开放的酒吧，餐厅43Bar/restaurantforvisitorsandlocals步行及自行车道44Walkingandcyclingpath环岛路45Islandringroad木栈桥。休闲游船停靠46Timberjettiesforleisureboating水泥栈桥。轮渡及大型游艇停靠轮渡及大型游艇的配套服务建筑47Concretejettiesfo