某水库工程毕业论文设计.doc

浏阳市黄马桥水库工程设计学 生： 指导老师： (工学院，长沙)摘 要：黄马桥水库工程的主要目的是解决村里工、农业用水难问题，对该村经济的进一步发展和村民生活水平的进一步提高，有着非常重要的作用，并且是一座以农业灌溉为主，兼有饮水、水产养殖、旅游等一系列综合效益的水利工程。本设计在对流域的自然地理，水文气候特征，工程地质及水文地质分析的基础上，通过调洪演算、渗流计算等得到堰顶高程,溢流堰空口净宽，设计水位及其流量，校核水位及流量，最后对大坝进行全面的设计。关键词：调洪计算；渗流计算；稳定分析；The Design of Huang maqiao Reservior of Liuyang CityStudent: Wu DiTutor: Zhang Wenping(College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)Abstract: With the main purpose of the huang maqiao reservoir to solve the water shortage of agriculture and industry,this project plays a very important role in the economic development of the village and elevating the living standards of the Villagers.Whats more, the main purpose of the project, which also has a series of synthetical benefits such as drinking water, aquaculture and tour, is for agriculture irrigation.After the analysis of the character of physical geography and hydrology climate，engineering geology and hydrology geology of this area ,I have the calculation of adjudting flood and transfusion to get the result of the elevation of the batardeau top, the width of the overflow batardeau ,designed water level ,designed water quantity ,checking water level and its water quantity ,fanally comprehensively design the dam Key words: Flood calculation；Seepage calculation；Stability analysis 1 前言黄马桥水库位于浏阳市洞阳镇龙洞村黄马桥组，距浏阳市工业园10km。该区东接浏阳，西达长沙。区内有浏（阳）永（安）高等级公路、长（沙）永（安）高速公路，省级主干公路纵横通过，交通十分便利。附近有通往龙洞水泥厂的砂石简易公路，沟通十分便捷。本区属湘东浅丘地带，该区植被茂密，绿草成茵，以生长灌木和松、杉针叶林为主，四季长青。区内有一条小溪流，溪流清澈，水源涵养好，溪流常年不断。该工程地处龙洞村黄马桥组，在坝址下游70m处有一座长60m，宽5m，高25m的大桥，此桥是龙洞黄马桥组与外界沟通的必经之路。在坝址下游100m左岸，是龙洞水泥厂，是该村的支柱产业，年产高标号水泥10万吨，远销省内外。坝址下游有12ha良田，由于水利设施基础薄弱，农田灌溉常年得不到保证，粮食连年减产，当地农民强烈要求在此修建一座水库，以保证农田灌溉。经龙洞村村委研究决定，根据实际地形情况，在黄马桥上游70m处兴建一座小型水库。水库以灌溉为主，兼有供水、水产养殖、旅游开发等综合功能。本设计是我在浏阳水利局勘测设计院实习期间，在单位同事、领导和学校指导老师的细心指导下完成的。这次实习期间完成的毕业设计一方面是对前三年专业基础知识的复习和巩固，另一方面让我对水利枢纽工程的设计和具体建设有一个较全面的认识，因此这次毕业设计对与我有着更深的意义。2 工程基本情况2.1 工程概况1966年汛期检查大坝，虽已做防汛斜墙，仍漏水严重，当即溢洪道挖了一条1m深的泄洪槽，降低水位，控制不溢洪、带病运用。在枢纽加固同时，于1959年1963年开始配套，每年组织2000多劳力上阵开挖西干渠，从净溪大队开经牛石、云桥、早禾、和中等五个大队，渠长15km，底宽1.4m，高1.5m，坡降四千分之一，输水流1m3/s，用工13.6万个，完成土方13.5万m3，灌田3.5ha。坝址以上控制流域面积7.56km2，主流长度6 km，河道坡降1.0%；坝型为均质粘土土坝，设计最大坝高25m，设计总库容746万m3；实际有效库容657万m3；设计灌溉面积1万亩，实际灌溉面积600ha,是一座以灌溉为主，兼有防洪、养鱼等综合效益的小（一）型水库。2.2 水文气象2.2.1 流域概况捞刀河发源于浏阳市社港镇石柱峰，经过关山水库后，流经社港、龙伏、沙市、北盛、永安后进入长沙县春华镇，在长沙市区下游注入湘江。捞刀河在我市范围内全长72.6km，流域面积1136km2，有5km以上支流23条，流域在我市范围内的年径流量年均为89亿m3，流域内有我市10个乡镇，人口39.1万，耕地2.1万ha，1998年社会总产值45.4亿元。捞刀河流域在我市范围内现有4座中型水库，6座小（一）型水库和55座小（二）型水库，水库共控制集雨面积336.05km2。有正常蓄水库容1.02亿m3，流域内另有大山塘1.1万多口，总容积1.13亿m3，山塘和水库容积共计达2.15亿m3，占多年平均径流量的20%以上，大量的山塘和水库，对捞刀河流域工农业生产的发展和人民生活水平的提高起到了重要作用。捞刀河流域位于华厦古陆、南岭准地槽北部边缘，接近江南地质，流域出露地层有泥盆前纪变质岩系和泥盆纪、石炭纪、二迭纪、侏罗纪、第三纪、第四纪以及中生代之花岗岩侵入体等，泥盆前纪变质岩系，在全流域都有分布，构成流域之主要地层。黄马桥水库工程位于捞刀河下游洞阳镇境内，地形地貌为低丘区，区内地形起伏不大，地貌单元少、地层简单。坝址以上集雨面积为10.84km2。2.2.2 气象捞刀河流域属亚热带湿润季风气候，其特点是：湿热多雨、夏热冬寒。据浏阳气象站19601998年实测资料统计，多年平均降雨量为1568.5mm，其中47月的降水量占全年的56.7%，8次年3月的降雨量点全年降水的43.3%。多年平均气温17.3，历年最高气温40.7（1971年7月26日），历年最低气温8.4（1967年1月16日），多年月平均气温在527.3之间，多年月平均气温情况见下表：表1 浏阳气象站多年月平均气温表 单位：Table 1 The multi- annual average temperatures table of Liuyang weather station Units ：月 份123456789101112平均气温5.66.411.617.021.424.727.326.623.718.212.47.1多年平均相对湿度82%，历年最小相对湿度为15%；多年平均日照时数1613.0h；多年平均地面温度19.6；极端最高地面温度70.0（1961年6月24日）；极端最低地面温度13.8（1979年1月31日）；历年来最多风向SSE，多年平均风速1.2m/s；最大风速18m/s；风向SSE；多年平均蒸发量1147.3mm，多年平均无霜期271.8天，最大311天，历年最大积雪深24cm。捞刀河流域地处我省三大暴雨中心的湘东暴雨区的边缘，其暴雨一般由南来太平洋湿热气团与极地高压气团接触形成，其中由低压类所造成的暴雨出现机会较多，强度大；暴雨中心多在本流域上游，暴雨量自上游向下游逐渐衰减；暴雨持续时间一般为13天。1954年，与之相邻的大溪河发生了一场大降水，宝盖洞1954年7月份中的14天降水量达1010mm，占全年的60%，其中7月23日25日三天连续降水量达618.8mm，占全年的37%，7月25日一天则达412.5mm，占全年的25%。其他有记录的最大一日降水量是1965年7月6日浏阳气象站276.1mm，1997年6月7日洞阳雨量站289.0mm。2.2.3 水文测验及基本资料本设计采用水文资料的主要依据有：清水水文站、浏阳气象站及目莲渡雨量站。清水水文站位于浏阳宝盖洞，该流域与捞刀河流域的马尾皂水库共分水岭，为省水文水资源局设立的水文站，观测资料系列长，项目齐全，资料可靠，有较强的参考价值。浏阳气象站位于浏阳城区，从1956年起进行降雨、温度、湿度及蒸发等方面的观测，资料较全面，其中的部分资料，如蒸发资料，为此次设计所必须。目莲渡站为雨量观测站，位于浏阳普迹境内，根据1981年7月浏阳县水利区划专业组编制的浏阳县水资源调查图表集的统计数值表明：目莲渡雨量站位置与龙洞村地区位置位于同一雨量等值线范围内。两者年降雨量基本相同，因此，用目莲渡站的降雨来代表龙洞村地区的降雨，有较高的准确性。附：宝盖清水站历年逐月降雨量表 宝盖清水站历年逐月径流量表 目莲渡站历年逐月降雨量表 浏阳气象站历年逐月蒸发量表36 表2 宝盖站历年逐月降雨量（一） 单位：mm Table 2 The each month rainfall of Baogai station in the past years Units:mm月年123456789101112年降水量195858.193.7106.5180.8462.7213.0141.4100.948.686.224.140.51556.5195955.6235.1104.8108.3305.3172.3138.6172.017.1124.650.983.41568.01960109.296.4196.7144.5322.5203.7116.3106.077.428.1172.421.71604.9196143.3139.6244.0217.5275.2215.0146.0265.1153.451.1111.355.21946.7196228.157.1207.0273.6493.5240.091.9124.371.5235.073.730.41926.11963055.996.0142.4325.146.280.3161.081.250.1172.846.31257.31964105.691.7130.7319.3119.9273.6120.997.4150.8105.2119.4107.51926.9196527.4113.4109.7193.3332.7208.5286.7172.3150.8105.2119.4107.51926.9196692.4133.6104.8417.8123.1261.6227.844.23.6150.433.273.71666.2196757.3121.0230.8287.8340.0233.374.278.044.729.4147.437.81681.7196859.439.0214.5191.8201.6245.7122.8102.527.832.069.182.91389.11969112.151.0140.2214.1218.6526.2210.0385.2207.7112.688.423.302102.4197066.5109.7232.2296.5288.0181.3301.278.7125.536.2107.993.41917.2197159.3107.878.4185.6441.9263.243.1148.838.356.021.653.31497.3197230.4186.491.0137.1408.4195.919.846.4129.6120.3160.674.51600.4 表3 宝盖站历年逐月降雨量（二） 单位：mm Table 3 The each month rainfall of Baogai station in the past years Units:mm月年1234567891011年降水量197638.483.7173.8304.1336.5236.6311.169.546.3169.056.81849.0197776.056.960.5328.0354.7359.215.9164.551.5141.025.91807.1197877.434.4177.8231.2201.3213.393.557.537.873.997.51312.91979109.588.1158.2161.9160.7316.2369.7201.060.603.81649.4198096.5158.4218.1218.8154.4305.554.0427.235.685.034.31840.9198186.767.9194.8252.0281.4221.090.7144.3105.8150.7182.51779.3198238.5204.0224.9123.3229.7303.428.7189.8121.9105.4160.01768.21983113.0128.243.9359.4323.1242.9280.187.149.9104.525.61789.7198461.639.8125.8275.9238.9170.872.3220.629.4115.4100.31549.4198527.5228.3200.3155.8165.2205.5161.343.093.946.8152.51549.4198648.666.9180.4232.7100.2244.0237.755.951.984.6130.11454.9198769.771.0152.3182.2290.4126.5159.734.677.3267.469.21501.2198882.7184.795.4110.5249.9280.491.4280.5142.178.8101537.5平均67.9107.5154.0229.7282.4240.2153.6147.370.196.381.21680.1 表4 宝盖站历年逐月径流量表（一） 单位：m3/s Table 4 The each month rainfall of Baogai station in the past years Units:m3/s月年123456789101112年径流量19580.1620.3020.4941.573.3051.10.5630.2420.120.1310.08620.0520.68619590.0630.890.480.511.781.420.840.210.0840.0710.090.100.54319600.3210.1990.7910.9001.8602.1500.3810.2330.2200.08250.20400.1050.62019610.0720.4131.261.240.7561.800.3791.280.8900.2020.3360.2110.73619620.1600.1180.6711.753.311.860.7020.2030.1290.2070.3910.1890.81119630.09020.08930.1920.3521.750.5560.1160.3400.07790.07430.1210.09750.32419640.3100.1940.5582.001.021.620.4110.2610.08890.4300.1870.0770.59419650.06020.1720.3811.252.361.191.360.4330.3510.3360.3270.5310.73219660.3020.8220.4032.760.5324.412.430.1540.05050.1250.0630.1080.76519670.0500.1770.7661.273.011.690.3380.1270.07430.01630.1080.08480.65119680.07650.1300.9161.500.9610.6890.4190.1760.0980.08020.08660.1510.44019690.2550.2210.5611.011.353.772.042.090.4520.1600.1910.3570.99819700.0860.2211.111.862.320.9132.490.2440.4520.1600.1420.3570.86919710.1560.3080.4181.052.690.1870.5000.09950.0700.04670.04110.7090.223619720.03760.2860.1930.4601.760.8580.3050.1090.1860.1820.6420.1750.432 表5 宝盖站历年逐月径流量表（二） 单位：单位：m3/s Table 5 The each month rainfall of Baogai station in the past years Units:m3/s月年123456789101112年降水量19750.8380.1910.6272.343.151.290.3582.140.2750.1490.1870.0950.91919760.0980.1510.7771.671.981.522.200.1860.1010.1940.1600.20400.76419770.0920.1750.1531.781.802.900.5500.3620.2210.1600.1820.3360.70419780.2130.1660.5291.370.8761.840.2090.1070.08540.07750.1340.3910.47119790.1030.2970.5400.4430.8401.622.390.9000.8310.1660.08450.1210.69319800.0750.261.071.270.891.790.691.920.330.210.130.1870.73219810.1080.2550.8081.781.201.281.160.4150.1940.5070.9680.3270.75219820.1580.9601.411.091.212.790.4090.5110.5560.2880.8880.0630.89119830.2430.5970.6802.001.721.622.040.2830.1470.1570.1160.1080.79319840.08490.1360.3191.81.260.9110.5930.4200.3830.3380.2910.08660.57419850.1990.9301.620.9810.9491.890.5430.2440.1550.1080.2860.910.67219860.1220.2290.7151.270.8150.9640.9900.2470.1410.09780.2260.1420.49419870.160.170.541.151.761.020.670.350.170.840.720.270.6519880.200.790.880.871.621.200.501.151.940.330.160.110.81平均0.1540.2560.6041.401.831.711.050.5450.2530.160.1880.1450.693 表6 目莲渡站历年逐月降雨量表（一） 单位：mm Table 6 The each month rainfall of Mulian du station in the past years Units:mm月年123456789101112年降水量19633.564.0101.3158.7203.0111.862.559.869.355.0190.767.41147.01964103.194.2143.6314.681.7325.137.2122.413.984.24.235.31359.5196520.5131.4127.2176.9274.6147.793.034.7106.6117.3103.9154.81488.6196689.9106.982.3328.8124.3226.3274.951.12.579.931.895.91494.6196735.4131.8154.1277.4154.7142.5192.8153.444.613.9164.533.61498.7196849.041.1218.4144.2167.8113.180.1123.233.858.181.275.21285.21969114.543.5107.8179.1189.9313.1194.5513.239.371.960.712.11839.6197063.890.3267.2235.5262.8148.0201.2143.0124.936.394.273.31740.5197167.1108.671.1113.5316.0136.510.5211.49.538.424.946.61154.1197229.7179.077.4130.0211.4117.321.066.5117.0135.7125.099.21290.2197394.193.4186.8333.4265.2442.7191.8104.061.879.320.61.61874.71974123.774.155.5143.7191.7247.3173.964.535.120.727.114.91289.2197532.8120.7173.9270.5272.5168.9122.4235.440.551.077.283.21649.2197642.181.0161.2220.2154.8245.2145.682.484.1123.154.925.51420.1 表7 目莲渡站历年逐月降雨量表（二） 单位：mm Table 7 The each month rainfall of Mulian du station in the past years Units:mm月年123456789101112年降水量197791.654.456.2219.2299.7220.224.3111.326.9146.429.971.71351.8197867.821.6163.3219.2132.3174.7134.551.065.770.792.320.51213.6197953.569.0172.6188.9170.4365.3210.1202.149.4050516.91503.71980122.0154.0169.1253.6174.484.962.731.517.583.530.220.31484.7198167.395.0194.7259.6228.6142.157.218.076.3231.0174.91.31546.0198228.8210.0116.1131.8165.1356.361.688.9103.4115.595.748.11521.31983120.6131.160.5350.0181.5176.754.656.936.360.518.339.41286.4198468.725.6168.7256.5175.5226.888.013.646.0127.767.598.91480.5198539.5175.5212.6148.697.5143.489.139.139.729.7135.758.31208.7198630.660.1114.3170.7121.5228.897.053.821.585.0113.915.21112.4198756.578.0134.8172.6246.0125.5119.780.361.6255.770.90.31401.91988110.1180.8109.8105.8147.9170.768.9274.373.890.00.220.61352.9总计1726.22635.13600.55503.05010.85350.92869.13383.81401.02260.51895.91308.136944.9平均66.4101.4138.5211.7192.7205.8110.4130.153.8986.972.950.31386.3 表8 浏阳气象站历年逐月蒸发（一） 单位：mm Table 8 The each month evaporation of Liuyang station in the past years Units:mm月年123456789101112全 年1956131.196.767.7195729.634.854.795.2148.3165.9271.7191.3153.597.481.635.81359.8195846.146.966.6138.2114.6182.4241.6216.890.375.81456.3195949.431.994.8149.797.2180.7274.5135.6196.5161.155.234.91548.9196033.661.955.878.1104.1159.0(225.1)223.0158.1111.553.446.31298.7196149.143.6(51.4)104.2(117.0)123.0(188.9)211.2(129.8)(88.3)(70.9)196362.353.579.089.1143.9173.0(218.0)(216.3)(158.1)67.841.638.61341.21964(26.7)23.467.8109.9106.0115.3245.4214.2162.888.476.135.11271.1196545.223.165.559.1(126.5)121.9(218.5)179.4120.563.045.8(31.6)(1100.1)196629.444.064.961.3131.3127.9189.3238.9192.296.270.720.51266.6196751.242.879.970.8(118.9)140.3186.7209.2124.4107.527.539.2(1207.4)196835.939.157.098.7121.1126.8(188.2)174.5132.589.654.728.91177.0196926.930.549.4(97.1)(144.3)(116.3)(160.7)(137.2)150.1(94.9)56.250.4(1114.0)197024.926.1(37.0)(79.7)106.8124.9168.7189.190.694.456.127.21023.0 表9 浏阳气象站历年逐月蒸发表（二） 单位：mm Table 9 The each month evaporation of Liuyang station in the past years Units:mm月年123456789101112全 年197142.035.447.063.395.5150.7267.3196.3128.196.264.844.21230.81972（35.2）24.975.069.0120.6145.8183.4194.9110.255.945.940.31101.1197326.328.143.662.281.6(123.9)(146.3)170.185.690.361.756.1(975.8)197427.141.067.2105.2116.2119.0150.0184.9148.7107.667.524.11158.5197532.538.355.571.8(60.6)142.3200.9(149.0)141.581.945.043.71063.01976(38.3)41.836.876.4113.8(103.3)(150.5)195.6155.386.749.838.9(1087.2)197716.345.369.776.879.0(105.1)205.7(182.0)135.288.766.341.11111.2197841.044.842.7(90.4)97.5(119.5)256.0218.0153.0109.542.149.61264.4197932.439.052.1(90.3)(101.3)(120.3)(188.4)180.4107.8141.994.449.8(1198.1)198024.128.531.474.8152.9168.6189.2119.6132.198.172.845.21137.3平均35.337.558.887.1112.8137.9205.7190.5142.496.259.340.61204.22.3 工程特性指标2.3.1 工程等级与防洪标准根据11规定和工程规模，该工程为等小（）型工程。建筑物的级别：主要建筑物大坝、输水系统为4级建筑物，其他次要建筑物为5级建筑物。大坝设计洪水标准为30年一遇（P=3.33%），校核洪水标准取500年一遇（P=0.2%）。水库征地范围按5年一遇（P=20%）洪水位。2.3.2 工程特性指标水位库容：校核洪水位138.82m，总库容746万m3；正常水位137.8m，正常库容657万m3；死水位122.6m，死库容4万m3。库内淹没水田32ha，土地0.4ha，移民74户，432人。大坝：主坝坝型为均质粘土土坝。主坝设计坝顶高程143.10m，设计坝底高程118.1m；设计坝高25m，现有25m；设计坝顶宽4m，现有坝顶宽5.2m；设计坝顶长91m，现有坝顶长91m，设计坝底长31m，；设计迎水坡1：1.5，1：2.5，1：3.0，现有坝坡1：2.3，1：2.12，1：2.75；设计背水坡1：1，1：2.5，1：3.0，现有外坝坡1：2.26，1：2.41，1：2.55，1：2.87(排水棱体)，坝基用防渗斜墙防渗。溢洪道：溢洪道布置在主坝右端的破碎山体上，为宽浅式自溢流洪道，设计堰顶进口高程137.8 m，现有进口高程139m，设计进口宽25m，现为23m；设计最大过水深1.5m，现有1.47m；设计允许最大过流量126 m3/s，实际最大过流量100.1 m3/s