被动语态 (3)

被动语态 什么叫被动语态 I close thedoor 主 谓 宾 is d by me 一 被动语态含义 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 将宾语变主语主语变宾语谓语变be V pp 二 被动语态结构 主 be V pp bysb Exercise 1 许多树被种 Manytreesareplanted bypeople 2 那首歌被唱了许多遍了 Thesongissungmanytimes bypeople 八种时态下的被动语态 三 被动语态的时态 am is are V pp 1 一般现在时 2 一般过去时was were V ppEg 那个杯子昨天被我打破了 Thatcupwasbrokenbyme 3 现在进行时am is arebeing V ppEg 这里一个新电影院正在被建 Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere 4 过去进行时was werebeing V ppEg 昨晚八点一个会议正在被召开 Ameetingwasbeingheldat8o clocklastnight 5 现在完成时has havebeen V ppeg 工作已经被他们完成了 Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem 6 过去完成时hadbeen V ppeg 截止去年底 一个新体育馆已经在北京被完成了 Bytheendoflastyear anewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing 7 一般将来时willbe V ppEg 如果工厂关闭 成百上千的工作将会被丢Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses 8 过去将来时should wouldbe V ppEg 她说消息会被送给Tom ShesaidthatthenewswouldbesenttoTom 9 情态动词的被动语态can may mustbe V ppEg 你的作业必须被完成 Yourhomeworkmustbefinished 四 句子种类 主 系 表主 动主 动 宾主 动 双宾主 动 宾 宾补 1 主 动 双宾的被动 Igiveyouabook 主动间接宾语直接宾语Youaregivenabook byme Abookisgiventoyou byme 2 主 动 宾 宾补 结构的被动语态 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语 其余不动 Theyturnedtheroomintoashop Theroomwasturnedintoashop 主动宾宾补 3 在使役动词have make get以及感官动词see watch notice hear feel等变为被动结构时 要加to Isawastrangerwalkintothebuilding Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding 4 有些动词词组用于被动结构 要把它们看作一个整体 不能分开 其中的介词或副词也不能省略 Thebabywaslookedaftercarefully Shelookedafterthebabycarefully 课堂练习 一 改写句子1 Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear byusinspringeveryyear 2 Shepostedtheletteryesterday byheryesterday 3 MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner 4 Heisdrawingapicture byhim 5 Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow byyoutomorrow 6 Sheisgoingtowritealetter byher Treesareplanted Theletterwasposted Iwasgiven Apictureisbeingdrawn Yourhomeworkmaybehandedin Aletterisgoingtobewritten 7 Ihavegivenyouthenewbook toyou 8 Herbagcannotbefoundbyher herbag 9 DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs Russiansongsbyyou 10 Shedoesn tlethersonswimintheriver intheriverbyher 11 Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear thebridgeatthistimelastyear 12 Doessheoftensingthesong byher Thenewbookhasbeengiven Shecannotfind Issheoftenheardtosing Hersonisn tlettoswim Theywerebuilding Isthesongoftensung 1 Ifcitynoises fromincreasing people shouttobeheardevenatdinner A arenotkept willhavetoB arenotkept haveC donotkeep willhavetoD donotkeep haveto2 Thefifthgenerationcomputers andperfectednow A developedB havedevelopedC arebeingdevelopedD willhavebeendeveloped3 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff Yes italldependsontheweather A I vebeentoldB I vetoldC I mtoldD Itold A C A 4 Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection A hascompletedB completesC hasbeencompletedD iscompleted5 Rainforests andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture A cutB arecutC arebeingcutD hadbeencut6 Thenewbridge bytheendoflastmonth A hasbeendesignedB hadbeendesignedC wasdesignedD wouldbedesigned7 Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC wasbrokenD hadbeenbroken D C B C 8 Greatchanges inthecity andalotoffactories A havebeentakenplace havebeensetupB havetakenplace havebeensetupC havetakenplace havesetupD weretakenplace weresetup9 Thatsuit over60dollars A hadcostedB costedC iscostedD cost10 Look Everythinghereisunderconstruction What stheprettysmallhousethat for A isbeingbuiltB hasbeenbuiltC isbuiltD isbuilding11 Doyoulikethecloth Yes it verysoft A isfeelingB feltC feelsD isfelt B D A C 12 Itisdifficultforaforeigner Chinese A writeB towriteC tobewrittenD written13 Ihavenomoreletters thankyou A totypeB typingC tobetypedD typed14 Takecare Don tdroptheinkonyourshirt forit easily A won twashoutB won tbewashedoutC isn twashedoutD isn twashingout15 Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto A beputupB giveinC beturnedonD goout B C A D 16 Thecomputersonthetable ProfessorSmith A belongsB arebelongedtoC belongstoD belongto17 Whatdoyouthinkofthebook Oh excellent It sworth asecondtime A toreadB tobereadC readingD beingread18 Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed A catchingB