2019-2020学年高中英语 unit 4 films and film events课件+学案+练习（打包14套）牛津译林版选修8,2019-2020学年高中英语,unit,films,and,film,events课件+学案+练习（打包14套）牛津译林版选修8,2019,2020,学年,高中英语,events,课件,练习,打包,14

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内容简介：: unit 4 films and film events在电影制作初期，人们就开始使用动物作为演员，但有时会伤害动物。the american humane association在保护电影制作中的动物方面一直在努力。animals have been used，and sometimes abused，in moviemaking since the early days of the industry.however, the american humane association has worked for many years to protect animals in films.and，the digital age might make animal actors unnecessary.the film dolphin tale tells about a dolphin that loses her tail because of an injury from a crabtrap.a doctor provides her with an artificial(人造的) tail that saves her life.the film is based on a real event.and the star of the film, winter, is a real dolphin that lost her tail.the american humane society worked with the movies makers to make sure winter stayed safe and healthy during filming.the animal protection group does this for all animal actors in america.a thick book of rules and guidelines tells hollywood moviemakers how to treat animals.karen rosa leads the american humane societys film and television group.he said，“everything from the smallest insect to the largest mammal(哺乳动物) shall be protected.we believe that for the sake of entertainment, everybody should go home alive.”this was not always the policy in the early days of film.in 1939，a horse was forced off a mountain，falling to his death，in the movie jesse james.the next year, guidelines were established to guarantee safe and healthy conditions for animals in movies.the film rise of the planet of the apes tells about the creation of super intelligent apes(猿) through science.however，no real animals were among the performers.computer generated imagery provided the chimpanzees，gorillas and orangutans that movie goers see.clare richardson is the president of the diane fossey gorilla fund.she says computer generated imagery should decrease the use of animals in the film industry.she praises moviemakers for the use of computermade animals.section welcome to the unit & readingwarming up1criterion n(评判的)标准，准则，原则2boycott vt. 拒绝购买(或使用、参加), 抵制3hatch vt.& vi. 策划，(尤指)密谋；孵化，孵出4resemble vt. 看起来像，类似5sponsor n. 赞助者，赞助商vt. 赞助，资助；主办，举办6expose vt. 使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露7representative n代表 represent vt.表现；描绘；代表；说明8restriction n限制，约束restrict vt.限制；约束 restricted adj.受限制的；有限的9broad adj.各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的broaden v变宽；扩大10contradict vt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与相矛盾，相反contradiction n矛盾；反驳；否认contradictory adj.矛盾的11deliberately adv.故意地 deliberate adj.不慌不忙的；故意的12finance vt.给提供经费n.财政，金融；资金 financial adj.金融的；财政的1.view.as.把看作2in_defence_of 为辩护；防卫3regardless_of 不管4as_long_as 只要5lose_ones_edge 失去优势6in_the_minority 占少数7have_no_difficulty_in_doing. 做没有困难8on_the_run 忙碌，奔波9pay_attention_to 注意1完全倒装joining_us_in_the_studio_are(和我们一起在演播室的是)isabel rose from the cannes film festival, .2强调句型it_was_then_that(是那时) robert redford became its sponsor and changed the focus to independent films, often made on very modest budgets.3theres a good chance (that). 很有可能nowadays, if a film wins an award at sundance, there_is_a_good_chance(很有可能) it will become famous!4be likely to do 可能at our festival, hollywood films are in the minority, while_films_that_are_likely_to_be_overlooked_at_other_festivals(而在其他电影节上可能被忽视的电影), for example at cannes, have a real chance of becoming champions. scan the text and choose the best answer.1how many film festivals are mentioned in the passage?a3.b4.c5. d6.2what is special about the sundance film festival?ait has the longest history among all the film festivals.bit is held to encourage small，independent films.cit includes all kinds of films.dit just features hollywood films.3at which of the following film festivals are films with large budgets often shown?athe cannes film festival. bthe berlin international film festival.cthe shanghai international film festival.dthe venice film festival.4what is all the representatives rejection?aindependent films. bfilms made with lots of money.cnational discrimination.dhollywood films.答案：14.dbac analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1kathy, i dont like to argue, but in defence of the venice film festival, i have to point out that we dont just have hollywood films.这是一个由but连接的并列复合句；第一个分句 kathy, i dont like to argue是一个简单句；第二个分句 in defence of the venice film festival是介词短语作_；that we dont just have hollywood films是_从句。尝试翻译凯西，我不想_，但为了捍卫威尼斯电影节，_好莱坞电影。答案：状语；宾语；争论；我必须指出我们不只有2at our festival, hollywood films are in the minority, while films that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals, for example at cannes, have a real chance of becoming champions.本句是由并列连词while连接的并列句；在第二个并列句中films have a real chance of becoming champions是主句； that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals是that引导的_从句，修饰先行词films；for example是_。尝试翻译在我们的电影节上，好莱坞影片_少数，而在其他电影节(例如戛纳电影节)上_夺魁的机会。答案：定语；插入语；只占；可能被忽视的影片则有真正important film events around the worldhost：welcome to our weekly programme, movie magic. our guests today are representatives from six of the major international film festivals. these spokeswomen and spokesmen will tell us about the festivals they represent. joining us in the studio are isabel rose from the cannes film festival, hanz muller from the berlin international film festival, kathy barnes from the sundance film festival, maria bella from the venice film festival, mike taylor from the toronto international film festival and xu li from the shanghai international film festival. welcome, everyone! maria, do tell us a little about the venice film festival.representative reprizenttiv n. 代表a union representative 工会代表a sales representative 销售代表spokesman spksmn n. 发言人spokeswoman n. 女发言人joining us in the studio are. 是一个倒装语序的句子，为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，多个并列的主语放在are后面。do用来强调动词tell，以加强语气。作此用法时，只能用来强调谓语动词。全球重要的电影节主持人：欢迎来到我们每周一期的节目魅力电影。我们今天的嘉宾是来自六个主要国际电影节的代表，这些发言人将与我们聊聊他们各自代表的电影节。在演播室和我们一起的嘉宾有：来自戛纳电影节的伊莎贝尔罗丝，来自柏林国际电影节的汉茨穆勒，来自圣丹斯电影节的凯西巴恩斯，来自威尼斯电影节的玛丽亚贝拉，来自多伦多国际电影节的迈克泰勒，还有来自上海国际电影节的徐立。欢迎各位！玛丽亚，给我们谈谈威尼斯电影节吧。maria：well, i think it is rather appropriate for me to begin our discussion. the venice film festival is the oldest film festival in the world. it is an annual festival that began in 1932. our festival is part of a larger festival which applauds contemporary art. we view film as a particular type of contemporary art.host：kathy, please tell us about the sundance film festival.kathy：unlike the venice film festival, the sundance film festival only includes small, independent films. that is, the main criterion for being included is that the film must not be financed by hollywood studios.maria：kathy, i dont like to argue, but in defence of the venice film festival, i have to point out that we dont just have hollywood films. our policy is to include highquality films, regardless of who makes them. we make no restrictions on the kinds of films we showas long as a films quality meets our standards, we include it.it is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 表示“做某事对某人来说是合适的”。applaud v. 鼓掌；称赞；赞许；赞赏which applauds contemporary art 是which引导的定语从句，修饰a larger festival。view.as. 把看作unlike prep. 不像criterion kraitirin n. (评判的)标准，准则，原则，复数形式为criteria。finance fainns vt. 给提供经费n. 财政，金融；资金in defence of 为辩护；防卫restriction ristrikn n. 限制，约束make no restrictions on 对不作限制we show 是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰films。玛丽亚：好的，我想让我来开始我们的讨论再合适不过。威尼斯电影节是世界上历史最悠久的电影节。它始于1932年，每年举办一次。我们的电影节是一个规模更大的赞赏当代艺术的文化节的组成部分。我们认为电影是当代艺术的一种特殊形式。主持人：凯西，请告诉我们有关圣丹斯电影节的情况吧。凯西：与威尼斯电影节不同，圣丹斯电影节的入选影片只包括小型的独立制作的影片，也就是说，影片入选的主要标准就是必须没有受到好莱坞制片厂的资助。玛丽亚：凯西，我不想争论，但为了捍卫威尼斯电影节，我必须指出我们不只有好莱坞电影。我们的政策是囊括高质量的电影，不考虑是谁制作了它们。我们对我们所展出的影片种类没有限制只要电影的质量达到了我们的标准，就能参加评选。 kathy：the sundance film festival deliberately boycotts all hollywood films, and we dont foresee ever including them. the initial idea for our festival was hatched back in 1978, when it was known as the utah/us film festival. however, it was not well known until 1981. it was then that robert redford became its sponsor and changed the focus to independent films， often made on very modest budgets. it was given its new namethe sundance film festivalin 1991. redford has acted in and directed many big hollywood films, but wanted to expose the public to films made outside of the hollywood system that ordinary people might have no access to otherwise. nowadays, if a film wins an award at sundance, there is a good chance it will become famous!isabel：cannes is another festival that can make films famous. many films are first shown to the public at the cannes film festival, and if a film wins, everyone will hear about it. i think it is fair to say that cannes is the most famous and exciting festival.hanz：i hate to contradict you, but in recent years, the cannes film festival has shown special favour to american films. some people remark that it has taken a step backwards, and is beginning to resemble the academy awards in hollywood too much.deliberately dilibrtli adv. 故意地boycott bikt vt. 拒绝购买(或使用、参加)，抵制hatch ht vt. & vi. 策划，(尤指)密谋；孵化，孵出when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰in 1978。sponsor spns(r) n. 赞助者，赞助商vt. 赞助；主办，举办it was then that. 是强调句式，强调then。modest mdist adj. 不太大的，不太贵的；谦虚的过去分词短语often made.作后置定语修饰films。expose ikspz vt. 使接触，使面临；暴露expose sb. to.使某人暴露在之下otherwise adv. 否则，要不然过去分词短语made outside of.作后置定语修饰films。that引导定语从句，修饰films，在从句中作介词to的宾语。it will become famous是chance的同位语从句。it is fair to say that. 公平地说contradict kntrdikt vt. & vi.反驳，驳斥；与相矛盾，相反show special favour to 对情有独钟remark v. 评论，议论take a step 迈出一步，采取措施resemble rizembl vt. 看起来像，类似凯西：圣丹斯电影节一贯刻意抵制所有的好莱坞影片，我们预期今后也不会让它们参展。我们电影节的最早想法诞生于1978年，当时它被称为犹他州/美国电影节。但是它直到1981年才广为人知。那时罗伯特雷德福成为电影节的赞助商，他将电影节的重点转移到独立制作的影片，这些影片往往依靠非常有限的预算制作。1991年，电影节被重新命名为圣丹斯电影节。雷德福曾出演并执导过许多好莱坞大片，但是他希望让大众接触好莱坞之外的影片，否则一般人可能无从看到这些影片。现在，如果一部电影在圣丹斯节上获奖，那么它就很有可能出名！伊莎贝尔：戛纳电影节是另一个可以让电影成名的电影节。许多电影都是在戛纳电影节上首次向公众放映，如果一部影片在戛纳电影节上获奖，那么人人都会知道它。我认为可以公平地说，戛纳电影节是知名度最高、最激动人心的电影节。汉茨：我不想反对你，但是近几年，戛纳电影节对美国电影情有独钟。一些人评论说它在退步，而且开始太多地模仿好莱坞的奥斯卡金像奖。isabel：well, yes, films shown at cannes are often made with large budgets, and have wellknown actors and directors. many of them are american, but we reject the idea that we have lost our edge as the best international film festival in the world. we always show a broad range of films from many different countries. in fact, the cannes film festival was started in 1939 because many people felt the venice film festival was giving awards to only german and italian films.hanz：well, in my opinion, the berlin international film festival is one of the most international of all the film festivals. since it began in 1951, we have given awards to films from all around the globe. at our festival, hollywood films are in the minority, while films that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals, for example at cannes, have a real chance of becoming champions.with large budgets 有很大的预算a family budget 家庭预算edge ed n. (微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃on the edge of 在的边缘that we have lost our edge.是that引导的同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容。broad brd adj. 各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的board n. 董事会，委员会；木板in the minority 占少数while 在此处作并列连词，表示对比，意思是“然而”。be likely to do. 很可能做it is likely that. 很可能overlook vlk vt. 忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视that are likely to be overlooked.是that引导的定语从句，修饰films，其中that在从句中作主语。伊莎贝尔：嗯，是这样的，戛纳电影节展出的电影通常都有大预算，有知名演员和导演。其中许多都是美国影片，但我们不接受这种观点我们已经丧失了我们作为最佳国际电影节的优势。我们一直都在展映来自许多不同国家风格迥异的影片。事实上，戛纳电影节创立于1939年，就是因为当时许多人觉得威尼斯电影节只给德国和意大利电影颁奖。汉茨：嗯，我认为，柏林国际电影节是所有电影节中最国际化的电影节之一。自从1951年创办以来，我们已为来自全球各地的影片颁奖。在我们的电影节上，好莱坞影片只占少数，而在其他电影节(例如戛纳电影节)上可能被忽视的影片则有真正夺魁的机会。 mike：im the spokesman for the toronto international film festival, which began in 1976 and soon became one of the major film festivals around the world. each year, famous actors, actresses and directors come to toronto, and the entire film world pays attention to who wins. it is the second largest festival in the worldonly cannes is bigger. we show films from many countries, though we do give some special awards to canadian films.xu li：i represent the shanghai international film festival. our festival was founded in 1993, so we are perhaps the youngest festival. even though we have only existed a short time, our festival has a good reputation worldwide. we have entries from many different countries and give the jinjue award, or golden cup award, to the film that we think is the best.which began in 1976 and . 是which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the toronto international film festival。do 强调了谓语动词 give。have a good reputation 有好的声誉earn a reputation 赢得声誉live up to ones reputation 名副其实entry entri n. 参赛作品；进入，加入；条目，词条that we think is the best是that引导的定语从句，修饰the film，其中we think是插入语。迈克：我是多伦多国际电影节的发言人。多伦多国际电影节创立于1976年，很快就成为了世界最重要的电影节之一。每年，著名的演员和导演都会来到多伦多，整个电影世界都会注意谁获奖。它是世界上第二大电影节仅次于戛纳电影节。我们的电影节展播许多国家的影片，不过我们的确颁发一些特别奖给加拿大电影。徐立：我代表上海国际电影节。我们的电影节创立于1993年，因此我们可能是最年轻的电影节。尽管存在的时间短，我们的电影节却在全世界享有很好的声誉。我们有许多不同的国家送展的影片，并为我们认为是最佳的影片颁发金爵奖或金杯奖。a卷阅读理解atravel aboard our modernequipped cruise ship national geographic explorer with a team of expert naturalists and historians as we visit the islands of south georgia and the falklands.days 1&2miami/buenos aires, argentinaleave miami on an overnight flight to buenos aires, argentinas capital.check in to the excellent sofitel buenos aires hotel before having a guided overview of the city, seeing its beaux arts palaces.day 3buenos aires/ushuaia/embarkfly to ushuaia, the southernmost city in the world.join a cruise of the beagle channel before boarding our ship.day 4at seasettle into shipboard life, listening to informal discussions from our naturalists to prepare us for the wildness ahead in the falklands.spend time on deck and on the bridge, watching seabirds.days 5&6falkland islandseach falkland island is different in its beauty.walk on whitesand beaches; sail below cliffs; and hike across windswept grasslands.the falklands boast the largest albatross(信天翁) colony in the world, thousands of magellanic penguins, as well as herds of fur and elephant seals.days 7&8at seaduring our days at sea, some lectures will be given.so we can learn about the fascinating history of antarctic exploration, as well as the flora(植物群) and geology of south georgia.days 9 through 13south georgia islandthe following days are devoted to exploring the amazing coastline of south georgia island.the schedule is flexible, and throughout our journey there will be opportunities for walking, hiking, kayaking, and taking zodiac excursions.days 14 through 16at seawith whales beneath and birds above, head out on deck to see and hear the ship crunch through the ice.days 17&18ushuaia/buenos aires/miamiour journey ends in ushuaia, with time to explore before boarding our flight to buenos aires, and an overnight flight to the us.【解题导语】本文介绍了一个邮轮之旅项目，鼓励人们去参加这次活动。1if youre interested in the largest albatross colony in the world, youll look forward to _aday 3bday 4cdays 5 & 6 ddays 7 & 8c解析：细节理解题。根据“days 5 & 6falkland islands”以及“the falklands boast the largest albatross(信天翁) colony in the world”可知应选c项。2the travelers can learn about the history of antarctic exploration through _areading books battending lecturescwatching movies dvisiting museumsb解析：细节理解题。根据days 7 & 8at sea部分可知应选b项。3what will the travelers spend the most time in doing?ashipping through the ice.bvisiting argentinas capital.ctraveling in falkland islands.dexploring south georgia island.d解析：细节理解题。根据“days 9 through 13south georgia island”可知这个活动的时间最久。bbuying folk art paintings has been a passion of mine.i found some pieces recently.the problem was that i could only afford one and i was having trouble in deciding which one to buy.the first painting was a work of bill dodge.he created it in 1962 and named it first trolley to van nuys.the painting shows the center of a town, with a lot of people in the windows and on the street.thomas chambers is one of americas most famous folk artists.the painting of him shows a fishing scene with villagers and boats.it may have great value in the future.but it doesnt suit my taste.another folk art piece was painted by rev.howard finster in 1988.it is titled howard in 1944.the smile on this portrait is very engaging(迷人的) and it makes me smile just as big.alligator fisher is a folk art painting created in 1940.the blue of the bayou(海湾) is very calming and the trees give it a very southern feel.there is a house in the painting and i like this one very much.it reminds me of louisiana, where i was born.a letter from my mother is one that i found during a journey.the look on the girls face is so serious and sad.the painting itself is great; it just makes me feel sad.i had no idea where this folk art painting should hang.at last, i decided to buy the one that can give me a good mood every day.what is more important than a good mood?【解题导语】作者碰到了几幅民间艺术绘画，最后因为经济原因只买了其中的一幅。4what do we know about the folk art painting by bill dodge?ait is a portrait of the painter.bnot many houses can be seen in it.cit was created in the middle of 1960s.dit tells something about peoples life in a town.d解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“the painting shows the center of a town, with a lot of people in the windows and on the street.”可知这幅画展示了一个小镇上的生活片段。5as for the painting by thomas chambers, the author didnt _aknow where it was createdbthink it would be valuablecthink it was suitable for him/herdknow what its meaning wasc解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“but it doesnt suit my taste.”可知作者不是很喜欢这幅画。6how did the author most probably feel about the painting alligator fisher?acalm. bscared.csurprised. dunhappy.a解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“the blue of the bayou(海湾) is very calming”可推断作者看到这幅画时应该感到很平静。7what was the problem with a letter from my mother?ait cost too much.bit was upsetting.cit wasnt well painted.dit was too large.b解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“the painting itself is great; it just makes me feel sad.”可知这幅画的问题就是看起来让人难过。ceveryone needs entertainment to take their minds away from the boring chores of everyday life.this entertainment can be in the form of music, movies, plays and various other activities.the most common forms of entertainment are movies, which are watched by people of all ages.movies are entertaining, but some movies can have a negative effect on their audience.little children may watch animated movies(动画片)on their favorite superheroes who do supernatural things, or on some other characters they admire, like mickey mouse who does all sorts of things that are not possible in real life.these movies can lead children into thinking that they too can do all these things.many of the young people may like watching action movies, and the violence in these movies also has an effect on their minds.it makes them think more about violence and extremism, and may lead them into committing crimes and other acts that can hurt others.these young people may watch their favorite actors do other things that are disliked in society.their favorite actors and characters may take drugs, like smoking cigarettes in their shows and movies, which negatively influences the young audience and they may begin smoking too, or they may think that it is “cool” or it will raise their social status.although some movies have a negative effect on their audience, others may have a positive effect too.there are many educational movies out there that are informative.these movies are very few in number as compared to other movies that are not as informative.these movies are not liked by the young audience.【解题导语】电影是一种常见的娱乐形式。有些电影给人们带来了积极的影响，但是也有很多电影(包括孩子们喜欢的一些动画片和年轻人喜欢看的动作电影)给人们带来了消极影响。8the first paragraph serves as a(n)_aexplanation bintroductionccomment dbackgroundb解析：篇章结构题。本文主要介绍电影给人们生活带来的影响。第一段提到电影是一种常见的娱乐形式，主要作用是引入话题。9the author uses mickey mouse as an example to show_amovies focus on education and entertainmentbanimated movies will gain popularity among childrencsome movies fill childrens minds with untrue ideasdchildren are usually naughty like mickey mousec解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，动画片中的米老鼠能做到在现实生活中不可能做到的事情。由此可推知，作者举米老鼠的例子是想说明很多儿童影片用一些超现实的东西填满孩子的心灵。10whats the main idea of the third paragraph?amost young people like action movies.byoung people admire actors very much.cmovies are responsible for the rise in crimes.dyoung people use smoking as a way to change their images.c解析：段落大意题。根据第三段第二句可知，动作电影中的暴力镜头可能会把年轻人引向犯罪之路，因此动作电影对犯罪率的上升负有一定责任。11according to the last paragraph, the movies disliked by young people are _anegative bviolentcextreme dinstructived解析：细节理解题。由最后一段最后三句可知，具有教育意义的电影对年轻人具有有益的影响，但不受年轻人喜爱。七选五as the famous poem youth has written, “youth is not a time of life. its a state of mind.” but how can you make a difference in your life?1_ the skills of learning, the knowledge of learning as well as the process of learning are all wealth and treasures in our life, which makes your simple life interesting. you could also gain social experience from taking part in large activities and gain knowledge from books you read. 2._ so you could take part in any activity which can show your characteristics.secondly, as the old saying goes, “although you have failed one hundred times, theres still another chance for you to catch.” 3._ so grasp every opportunity to express your strong point and put your heart into it.4_ so its of great significance to be an optimist. that is, we ought not to hesitate to meet any challenge in our life.last but not least, to have a regular life style is a good way to keep healthy and achieve your ambitions. it goes without saying that a strong body is the capital of a revolution.5_ and you could make a difference in your simple life.awhen you are in a public place, keep confident and behave yourself.bthirdly, failure or success is mostly depended on ones attitude towards things.cfirstly, those who have a good command of learning can manage things well.dlets cheer up our success.ewhen all is said and done you could be able to adapt to the contemporary(当代的) life. feverything is possible.gthats what makes life active and powerful.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。如何才能让你的人生有所不同呢？作者给出了具体的建议。1c解析：由下文的secondly，last but not least可知，该处应该为firstly，故c项符合。2a解析：空格后讲到，因此你可以参加任何能够展示你特点的活动，故a项符合。当你在公共场合时要自信，并举止得体。3g解析：空格前讲到虽然你会失败无数次，但是总有机会属于你，因此g项符合，承接上文。那使生活变得积极并强大。4b解析：下文指出乐观的精神很重要，故b项符合。成功还是失败主要取决于人们面对事物的态度。此句起到引出下文的作用。5e解析：由上下文可知，此处是本文的总结句，故e项符合。当以上几点你都能做到时，你可以适应当代的生活。b卷阅读理解as antarctic ice continues to melt at an alarming rate, scientists warn that the wellbeing of penguins native to the area is becoming increasingly threatened.according to a new report, the welfare and existence of at least half of the worlds 18 penguin species will be badly affected if the warming of the antarctic peninsula continues. experts say that a big part of the problem is related to food：less ice means less krill(磷虾), a cornerstone(基石) of the antarctic ecosystem and a mainstay of a penguins diet.“when you look at all penguins they are largely in trouble，” said oxford university penguinologist tom hart, who spends a few months every year observing penguins along the antarctic coast.“were so concerned because were seeing great changes to their populations. theyre probably not going to go extinct anytime soon, but the environment is changing very fast.”emperor penguins, adelies and chinstraps, for example, live entirely in the antarctic. according to the international union for conservation of nature(iucn), both emperor penguins and adelies are considered “near threatened”. even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable(易危的) species, have “declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years”， hart said. “the general public doesnt realize that penguin populations are declining so fast.”in an interview with the bbc, professor hart warned that emperor penguins could face nearextinction by the end of the century if global warming continued at its present rate.“regardless of their environmental preferences, we see a connection between climate change and penguin populations through the loss of habitat of their main food source，” dr. wayne trivelpiece, the reports lead author said. “as warming continues, the loss of krill will have a farreaching effect throughout the antarctic ecosystem.”since krill feed on phytoplankton(浮游植物) that grow under ice cover, warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing antarctic krill populations. according to al jazeera, other recent studies have shown that krill in the southern ocean may have declined by about 80 percent since the 1970s.“simply put, without krill, most of the life forms in the antarctic would disappear，” national geographic said.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。南极洲的冰层因气候变暖持续融化，这已严重影响到企鹅的生存。1what problem will penguins face?aloss of habitat. ba shortage of food.cpopulation increase. dcolder environment.b解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“a big part of the problem is related to food：less ice means less krill(磷虾). penguins diet”可知，由于南极冰层的持续融化，企鹅将面临的问题主要与食物有关，冰少了意味着磷虾少了，磷虾是南极洲生态系统的基石，也是企鹅的主要食物。2what is tom harts attitude toward the penguins situation?auncaring. boptimistic.cdoubtful. dworried.d解析：观点态度题。由第三段中的“they are largely in trouble”和“were so concerned because were seeing great changes to their populations.the environment is changing very fast”可知，牛津大学的企鹅研究专家tom hart对企鹅的现状非常担忧。3why does the author mention chinstraps in paragraph 4?ato blame human beings unawareness.bto underline the dangers penguins face.cto give an example of an extinct species.dto show how penguins react to global warming.b解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable(易危的) species, have declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years，”可知，帽带企鹅并非易危物种，但是它们的数量在过去的30年里也下降了50%；由此可知，作者提到帽带企鹅的数量大幅下降，是为了强调企鹅的处境非常危险，气候变暖给它们的生存带来极大的影响。4what do the last two paragraphs suggest?akrill loss may have disastrous results.bwarming waters bring more phytoplankton.csea ice disappearance causes krills overproducing.dphytoplankton are a key diet of antarctic creatures.a解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing antarctic krill populations”以及最后一段中的“without krill, most of the life forms in the antarctic would disappear”可知，气候变暖使得南极的冰层融化，这导致磷虾的数量锐减，而如果没有磷虾，南极大部分生命都会消失。完形填空last week，on my way back to the office，i stopped to get a salad from potbelly，a sandwich shop.i 1 the salad，brought it back to my office and hung up my coat.that was when it 2 me that my wallet was missing.i told myself i should remain 3 ，but unfortunately i became panicked(惊慌)i 4 it everywhere，even in the bag where the salad was packed， 5 it was nowhere to be found.i missed my beautiful pink wallet，which was brand new.then i thought i had 6 dropped it at potbelly.but what were the 7 it was still there？there were too many people coming and going every day there.then i 8 potbelly and a man answered the phone.“hello，” i said，“i think i have left my wallet.”“is it pink？” the guy said before i could 9 “i have it in our safe box for you here.”i rushed over to potbelly and expressed my 10 to the employee who had kept it 11 for me.he said that a customer had picked up my wallet on the ground and handed it over.then i 12 this wasnt the first time that strangers had treated me and my wallet 13 back in june，i once stopped at cosi，wanting to 14 a sandwich for lunch.but when i 15 into my bag for my wallet，i found 16 it turned out that i had left my wallet at home！i 17 to the cashier(收银员) what had happened and made an apology to her.however，the cashier just 18 me the sandwich and said，“dont worry about it.pay for it tomorrow.”she had no 19 whether i would return or not，but she just decided to help me out.theres goodness in the world and those small acts of kindness leave me 20 touched.【解题导语】作者在一家三明治店里买了色拉，将它打包带回办公室时发现她的钱包不见了。在好心顾客和店员的帮助下，作者找到了钱包，并由此回想起以前的经历。1aate upbtook incmade up dpaid ford解析：根据下文“.brought it back to my office”可知作者在一家三明治店里买了色拉，并将它带回了办公室。pay for sth.意为“付钱买某物”。2ahit bmovedcbeat dconfuseda解析：根据前后文可知作者挂衣服的时候突然意识到自己的钱包丢失了。这种想法使她为之一震。it hit(s) sb. that意为“某人突然意识到”。3acommon bcalmchappy dexcitedb解析：根据下文“but unfortunately i became panicked”可知作者告诫自己要保持冷静(calm)，但是不幸的是，她变得惊慌失措。4anoticed bwonderedcsearched dtestedc解析：根据后文意思可知作者到处寻找(searched)钱包。5aor bsocand dbutd解析：根据后文“

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