2014.6月学术型、专业型硕士写作试卷及答案.doc

第 5 页 共 6 页南京师范大学2013级学术型硕士第二学期学位英语考试（写作试卷）English Test for Non-English Major Graduate Students June, 2014 Part I Read the following passage carefully, and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D to each of the questions that follow. Please write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (10分)The Love of Money is a Root of Evil1、The thinkers of many cultures and epochs have sought to find the fundamental reasons for social problems, philosophers of the past analyzed numerous contributing factors such as leaders, money, deities and citizens in their societies. A significant number of such thinkers came to the conclusion that an individuals passionate attitude towards money was an influential trigger of various social calamities. Desiring to obtain more and more material goods and money causes an individual to become selfish and hard-hearted this in turn affects the quality of a whole community. An uncontrolled love of money is the reason for many disturbances and wrongs that are enacted.2、To begin with, the love of money may lead to the decline of moral standard. Apostle Paul, who can be said to be a philosopher, says “they that desire to be rich, fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful desires, which plunge men into destruction and perdition. For the love of money is the root of all evils; which some coveting, have erred from the faith”. Paul emphasizes that the pursuit of money and financial gain causes one to be distanced from ones morality and virtue. No longer do people seek to build a relationship with their neighbor; instead they seek ways to use them to obtain more wealth and security. At the same time, people who treat others as means of reaching their goals, tend to be treated in the same manner, thus multiplying their own misfortunes. 3、Along with the moral decline, people with a strong lust for money can develop an insensible disposition. In the discipline of psychology, there exists a correlation between happy feelings and money that has already been discovered; however, there is also a link between negative feelings and actions when there is a lack of money (Vohs, Mead & Goode, 2008). Those who have a strong love of money constantly feel the urge to gain more money as if they have a lack of it; consequently, these individuals have a bad disposition and are impatient when confronted with those whom they believe are seeking to prevent them from gaining money.4、Whats more, because of a fanatic identification with their savings, those with a persistent love of money are hesitant to lose their capital. Such individuals would be hesitant in investing in community projects or remaining loyal to their fellow coworkers, employees, and even neighbors. Today, because of the apparent focus on obtaining more food, entertainment, games and technology, the sense of community is dying. Paul Mattick states in his book Art in Its Time that, “A steady increase of the love of money present in our capitalistic economy system causes a sense of community to decline as faith is placed in material things for the self rather than concepts for the community” (Mattick, 2003).5、In an attempt to understand the true nature of different social problems of the past and of today, many thinkers have paid attention to the phenomenon of yearning for money. Because of an individuals love of money, there is a decline in personal values and morals. Subsequently the constant pursuit of money causes ones behavior to be inconsistent with the needs of other human beings. Finally, many people with an excessive passion for money tend to identify themselves with their financial well-being, thus being afraid to lose their capital. In their fear, they lose the greatest of all values: a sense of peace.学术型答案：1. The primary function of the opening paragraph of this essay is . A. to introduce the thesis of the essay B. to introduce the topic of the essay C. to present the fundamental reasons for social problems D. to list many disturbances and wrongs that are enacted2. Which of the following best expresses the thesis of this essay? A. Thinkers of the past have sought to find the fundamental reasons for social problems.B. Philosophers of the past tried to analyze the contributing factors for social problems. C. A lot of thinkers concluded that peoples attitude towards money led to social problems. D. An uncontrolled love of money is the reason for many disturbances and wrongs.3. What pattern of organization is employed by the writer to develop this cause and effect essay?A. Focus on several causes that leads to one effect.B. Focus on several effects of a single cause.C. Causal chain.D. All of the above.4. This essay is organized in . A. spatial orderB. chronological order C. climactic orderD. mixed order5. The transitional sentence “Along with the moral decline” in Paragraph 3 is used to achieve .A. adequate support B. better unity C. better coherence D. effective sentence skill6. In Para 2, Apostle Pauls statement is cited by the writer as .A. a comment on the desire to be rich B. irrelevant criticism of the greedy people C. an example to show that people seek ways to use their neighbors to obtain money D. a support for his/her idea that the love of money causes the moral decline7. Which of the following best serves as the topic sentence of Paragraph 4? A. people with the love of money are not willing to invest in community projects.B. People with the love of money are more likely to focus on obtaining more food, entertainment, games and technology. C. People with the love of money have a fanatic identification with their savings.D. The sense of community is dying.8. Which type of sentence error does Paragraph 1 contain ? A. A run-on sentence.B. A fragment.C. A dangling modifier. D. A mixed construction.9. How does the writer begin the essay? A. An opposite idea about the topic. B. The importance of the conclusion made by thinkers. C. A broad description about reasons for social problems. D. A brief incident of thinkers and philosophers of the past10. The writer mainly ends the essay with . A. a recommendation for people with excessive passion for money B. the future of those who lose the greatest of all values C. an attempt to understand the true nature of different social problems of the past and of today D. a summary of the results of yearning for money专硕型答案1. Which of the following best expresses the thesis of this essay? A. Thinkers of the past have sought to find the fundamental reasons for social problems.B. Philosophers of the past tried to analyze the contributing factors for social problems. C. A lot of thinkers concluded that peoples attitude towards money led to social problems. D. An uncontrolled love of money is the reason for many disturbances and wrongs.2. What pattern of organization is employed by the writer to develop this cause and effect essay?A. Focus on several causes that leads to one effect.B. Focus on several effects of a single cause.C. Causal chain.D. All of the above.3. The transitional sentence “Along with the moral decline” in Paragraph 3 is used to achieve .A. adequate support B. better unity C. better coherence D. effective sentence skill4. Which of the following best serves as the topic sentence of Paragraph 4? A. people with the love of money are not willing to invest in community projects.B. People with the love of money are more likely to focus on obtaining more food, entertainment, games and technology. C. People with the love of money have a fanatic identification with their savings.D. The sense of community is dying.5. The writer mainly ends the essay with . A. a recommendation for people with excessive passion for money B. the future of those who lose the greatest of all values C. an attempt to understand the true nature of different social problems of the past and of today D. a summary of the results of yearning for moneyPart IIRead the following paragraphs and answer questions after each paragraph very briefly according to what you have learned about writing. Please write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (15分)Paragraph 1 July, a fourteen year old grade eight student, was racing down the narrow hallway like a mad dog when he bumped into the principal. Frightened and fearful, he tried to make an about turn to head in the opposite direction. The angry principal would have none of this. He grabbed July by his left shoulder, holding him firmly in his grasp. In his usual stern high-pitched voice he ordered him to the office. Like a lame wounded dog, July limped to the office. There the principal gave him his usual no-nonsense lecture and sent him back to his class.Question 1 What pattern of essay development is adopted by the writer in order to show the vivid picture of the relationship between the boy and the principal?descriptionParagraph 2IIntroduction Thesis statement: From the perspectives of climate, activities and location, to vacation at the beach is better than in the mountains.IIMountain AClimate BTypes of Activities CLocation IIIBeach AClimate BTypes of Activities CLocation IVConclusion Question 2In order to show the differences between vacationing in the mountains or at the beach, the illustrative method of contrasting is adopted in this guideline. What contrasting pattern is used here? subject by subject / or one side at a time Paragraph 3 The shelf has three layers, two of which are devoted to books on various objects. On the upper shelf are the reference books for my different courses. The books on the middle shelf are taller than those on the upper shelf, and they all stand in perfect order like two rows of soldiers marching through dark night toward down. These are books for killing time but they are my favorites. On the lower shelf, an ink bottle stands in one corner and a pocket dictionary squats in the other. Question 3This is the students description of his bookshelf. What pattern of organization is adopted here? spatial order/space orderParagraph 4 We know that people live various different lives, spend their time in various different ways, have different jobs, believe in different things, have different opinions, different customs, and speak different languages. Normally, we dont know the extent of these differences, yet sometimes when something unusual happens to make us notice, variety and difference appear more as a threat than an opportunity.Question 4In order to make the speech more powerful, what kind of coherence method is used in this paragraph? repeating key terms Paragraph 5 Research has shown that 90% of people naturally use their right hands for most tasks. But hundreds of millions of people use their left hands. Then why are some people left-handed? Scientists have been trying to answer that question for many years. A study done in 1992 found that men are more likely to be left-handed than women. It also found that Asian or Hispanic people are less likely to be left-handed than white people, black