牛津深圳版三年级英语上册知识点总结.doc

1 13 牛津深圳版三年级英语上册知识点总结牛津深圳版三年级英语上册知识点总结 Unit1 Hello 重点单词及短语 apple bag 重点句型 Hello Hi Good morning Good afternoon Good evening Good bye 招呼语 E g Hello Song Xiangyang Hi teacher 单词拓展 banana orange watermelon pear peach lemon strawberry mango grape tomato potato cucumber onion carrot fruit vegetable Unit2 How are you 重点单词及短语 cat dog 重点句型 How are you I m fine Fine thank you 单词拓展 pig rabbit tiger mouse rat ox horse goat sheep chick hen rooster goose lion dragon snake monkey 猴子 bear Unit3 Are you Kitty 重点单词及短语 boy girl wolf sheep egg fan picture colour draw 重点句型 Are you XXX Yes I am No I m not m am E g Are you Song Xiangyang Yes I am No I am not Unit4 My friends 重点单词及短语 tall short long short thin fat hand 重点句型及短语 This is XXX He s She s my friend He s She s s is E g This is Yao Ming He s my friend He s tall and strong 单词拓展 big small 语法点拓展 比较级和最高级 形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳 大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化 即原级 比较级和最高级 用来表示事物的等级差别 原级 即形容词的原形 比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种 规则变化规则变化 单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加 er est 2 13 原级比较级最高级 talltallertallest smartsmartersmartest shortshortershortest 特别提醒 以 y er ow le结尾的双音节形容词末尾加er和est 如 healthy funny busy hungry easy happy early pretty lazy heavy dirty clever narrow等 以不发音的e结尾只加 r st 原级比较级最高级 nicenicernicest finefinerfinest largelargerlargest 以辅音字母 y 结尾的词改y为i 再加 er est 原级比较级最高级 easyeasiereasiest prettyprettierprettiest happyhappierhappiest funnyfunnierfunniest busybusierbusiest 以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词 即重读闭音节词 双写结尾的辅音字母 再加 er est 原级比较级最高级 slimslimmerslimmest thinthinnerthinnest hothotterhottest bigbiggerbiggest 特别提醒 new few slow clean等词含有字母组合 且发的是长元音 不用双写 大部分双音节词和多音节的词 即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词 要在前面加 more most 原级比较级最高级 beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful importantmore importantmost important interestingmore interestingmost interesting expensivemore expensivemost expensive popularmore popularmost popular 特别提醒 以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况 如unhappy unhappier unhappiest untidy untidier untidiest 以形容词 ly构成的副词要在前面加 more most 原级比较级最高级 slowlymore slowlymost slowly quicklymore quicklymost quickly angrilymore angrilymost angrily softlymore softlymost softly noisilymore noisilymost noisily 特别提醒 early earlier earliest 由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词 包括不规则动词如know known 只能加more或most来表示它们 的比较级和最高级 原级比较级 最高级 3 13 interestingmore interesting most interesting excitedmore excited most exciting tiredmore tired most tired boringmore boring most boring 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good wellbetterbest bad badly illworseworst many muchmoremost littlelessleast farfarther furtherfarthest furthest oldolder elderoldest eldest 特别提醒 further不仅可以指 距离更远 还可指 程度更深 记住以下三个词组 further study 进修 further education 继续教育 further information 进一步的信息 elder仅用于同辈之间的排行 如 elder sister 姐姐 elder brother 哥哥 less作为 更少 仅用来修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词表示 更少 要用fewer 以下内容不作为初中英语教学内容 仅供拓展之用 少数单音节词前面加 more most 构成比较级和最高级 这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词 afraid more afraid most afraid tired more tired most tired fond more fond most fond glad more glad most glad bored more bored most bored pleased more pleased most pleased 下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式 即 既可加 er est也可加more most cruel strict often friendly clever 下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高 即表示 最高程度 或 绝对状态 的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级 empty wrong perfect unique extreme excellent favourite true right correct extremely 形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项 比较应在同类事物之间进行 比较应在同类事物之间进行 误 Your English is better than me 正 Your English is better than mine 比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语 最常见的三大修饰词是 最常见的三大修饰词是 a a little little much much eveneven 以下单词也可用来修饰 以下单词也可用来修饰 any any far far still still a a lot lot yet yet ratherrather My sister is a little taller than me Their house is much larger than ours 另外 名词短语也可修饰比较级 说明程度 I m three years older than he 特别提醒 very quite too不可修饰比较级 避免重复使用比较级 避免重复使用比较级 误 He is more kinder to small animals than I 正 He is much kinder to small animals than I 误 He is more cleverer than his brother 正 He is cleverer than his brother 比较要遵循前后一致的原则比较要遵循前后一致的原则 注意前后呼应 注意前后呼应 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out 序数词通常只修饰最高级 序数词通常只修饰最高级 4 13 Africa is the second largest continent The Yellow River is the second longest river in China This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson 形容词副词比较级最高级重点句型归纳 句型一 形容词或副词比较级句型一 形容词或副词比较级 than than 注意事项 注意事项 该句型为比较级的最基本句型 只要看到than 即可确定前面使用比较级 He is taller than I am The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl 句型二 句型二 lessless 形容词的原级形容词的原级 thanthan 注意事项 注意事项 该句型表示 不如 不及 特别需要注意的是 less本身就是little的比较级 后面必须跟形容词的原 级 否定就造成了比较级的重复使用 句型三 句型三 asas 形容词或副词的原级形容词或副词的原级 asas 注意事项 注意事项 该句型表示对比的两者程度相当 as之间必须跟形容词或副词的原级 决不能使用比较级 此外 还要确 定使用形容词还是副词 确定的依据就是根据第一个as前的动词 如果是系动词 如be 感官动词look sound smell taste feel等 那么就用形容词的原级 如果前面的动词是一般的实义动词 那么就必须用副词的原级修饰动词 This lesson is as easy as that one Lucy talks with old people as politely as her sister 特别提醒 as as之间也可以跟名词 句型如下 as 形容词 a an 单数名词 as He is as kind a person as his father 他和他爸爸一样都是善良的人 as many much 不可数名词 可数名词复数 as I can carry as much paper as you can 你能搬多少纸 我也能 I have as many books as you do 我的书和你的一样多 We ll give you as much help as we can 我们将尽我们所能给你帮助 其它几个关于as as的句型 as as one can 尽其所能 He began to run as fast as he could as as possible 尽可能 Please help us as quickly as possible as soon as 一 就 句型四 句型四 notnot as soas so 形容词或副词的原级形容词或副词的原级 asas 注意事项 注意事项 该句型表示 前者不如后者 往往可以与句型一和句型二替换 第一个as可以换为so This classroom is not as bright as yours I cannot run as fast as you 句型五 句型五 thethe 形容词或副词最高级形容词或副词最高级 inin ofof amongamong 比较范围比较范围 注意事项 注意事项 如果这里为副词最高级 前面的the常常省略 介词in和of的用法完全不一样 in表示 在某一范围内 如 in the classroom in the world of表示 在同类之间 of后面的词与主语同类 另名词前一般有冠词the among表示 在 三者或 三者以上 之间 among后接代词或没有修饰语的名词 The Changjiang River is the longest river in our country Peter is the tallest of the six students This picture is the most beautiful among these 句型六 句型六 oneone ofof 形容词最高级形容词最高级 可数名词复数形式可数名词复数形式 注意事项 注意事项 5 13 one of有三大考点 1 后跟形容词最高级 2 后接可数名词复数形式 3 作主语时主语为one 谓语动词用单数形式 One of the smallest dinosaurs was about one metre long 句型七 比较级句型七 比较级 and and 比较级比较级 moremore andand moremore 多音节词的原级多音节词的原级 注意事项 注意事项 该句型表示 越来越 如果该形容词比较级构成形式加er 则用前面的句型 如果该形容词比较级 加more构成 则用后面的句型 It is getting hotter and hotter 句型八 句型八 thethe 比较级比较级 thethe 比较级比较级 注意事项 注意事项 该句型意思为 越 就越 表示两种情况同时变化 The more you eat the fatter you will be In the test the more careful you are the fewer mistakes you will make 句型九 句型九 bebe differentdifferent fromfrom 注意事项 注意事项 该句型没有运用比较级 但也是对两者事物进行比较 注意前后比较需在同类事物中进行 My schoolbag is different from yours 句型十 句型十 thethe samesame as as thethe same as same as 注意事项 注意事项 该句型同样没有运用比较级 表示两者之间具有共同特性 注意这里的as和same为固定搭配 不能随便变 换 I don t want to buy the same things as Amy did 句型十一 比较级句型十一 比较级 than than anyany otherother 名词单数形式名词单数形式 注意事项 注意事项 any other 后面跟单数名词 表示 任何别的 即主语在范围内 必须把自身从这一范围内除去 否则逻辑上不通 如果 主语不在这一范围内 那么要把other去掉 只用any即可 Shanghai is larger than any other city in China 上海在中国这个范围内 所以用any other Shanghai is larger than any city in Jiangsu 上海不在江苏 所以只需用any 句型十二 比较级句型十二 比较级 than than thethe otherother 名词复数形式名词复数形式 注意事项 注意事项 该句型相当于any other 名词单数形式 常用来进行同义句改写 该句型与句型十一虽然波表面上都是比较级 但实际上相当于最高 级 以下三句表达的是同一个意思 Daniel is the most hard working student in our class Daniel is more hard working than any other student in our class Daniel is more hard working than the other students in our class 特别提醒 表示两者 人或物 比较时 比较的对象应是同类事物 不同类的事物之间无法进行比较 形容形容词词比比较级较级最高最高级练习题级练习题 一 写出下列形容词和副词的比较级形式 1 long 2 tidy 3 hot 4 large 5 thin 6 good 7 bad 8 little 23 thin 10 much 11 early 12 fast 13 hard 14 difficult 15 badly 16 far 17 carefully 20 often 21 old 22 busy 24 many 25 slow 二 用形容词的适当形式填空 6 13 1 Bob is young than Fred but tall thanFred 2 He is bad at learning math He is much bad at Chinese and he is the bad at English 3 Annie says Sally is the kind person in the world 4 A dictionary is much expensive than a story book 5 An orange is a little big than an apple but much small than a watermelon 6 7 The Nile 尼羅河 is river in the world long 8 Good health is thing life important 9 Taking a taxi is way to get to the airport easy 10 She is than all the other students young 四 选择正确答案 1 She is than A busier us B busier we C more busy us D more busy we 2 China is country in the world A the third largest B the largest third C the third large D a third largest 3 Which is season in Beijing I think it s autumn A good B better C best D the best 4 Which is the sun the moon or the earth Of course the moon is A small B smaller C smallest D the smallest 5 The air in Beijing is getting much now than a few years ago A clean B cleaner C cleanest D the cleanest 6 Mobile phones are very popular now and they are than before A cheap B cheaper C cheapest D the cheapest 7 A expensive B more expensive C the most expensive 8 The Yellow River is one of rivers in China A long B longer C the longest 9 A pig is than a dog A much heavy B more heavier C much heavier D more heavy 10 Which is season in Beijing I think it s spring A good B well C best D the best 11 A more beautiful and more B more beautiful and beautiful C more and more beautiful D more beautiful and beautifuler 12 Which does Alice like Chinese or Art A well B best C better D much 13 The Changjiang River is one of in the world A the longest river B longest rivers C the longest rivers D longer rivers 14 LiMing speaks Chinese better than me A very B more C a lot of D much 15 There are boys in Class Two than in Class Four A more B many C most D best 7 13 Unit5 My family 重点单词及短语 ice cream juice 重点句型 Who s he she He s She s E g Who s he He s my father He s handsome My name is XXX I m XXX E g My name is Song Xiangyang I m Song Xiangyang 单词拓展 称谓 father mother parents brother sister grandfather grandmother grandparent aunt uncle daughter son 人的形容词 beautiful pretty nice kind handsome honest smart strict cool strong cute young old friendly kind shy outgoing sunshine sugar candy Unit6 Me 重点单词及短语 tail kite lion tiger 重点句型 Look this is me I m thin short tall My hair is long short My mouth is big small Unit7 In the classroom mouth nose book 重点句型 close open the door clean look at the blackboard I m sorry E g Please close open the door OK 单词拓展 身体部位 body face eyes eyebrow ears nose neck head fingers hands arms legs foot feet mouth Unit8 At the fruit shop 重点单词及短语 banana pear orange pig queen 重点句型 How much is it How much are they E g How much is it It s five yuan Five yuan How much are they They are ten yuan Ten yuan Unit9 In my room 重点单词及短语 room book ruler pen pencil chair desk schoolbag rabbit six table 重点句型 This is my bed There are my books Is this your XXX Are these your XXX 8 13 E g Is this your pen Yes it s No isn t isn t is not E g Are these your pens Yes they are No they aren t aren t are not 单词拓展 eraser chalk blackboard paper map dictionary sharpener 语法拓展 指示代词指示代词 this these that those 的用法的用法 1 this 而不可数名词前不能用a an 修饰 表示特指时 前面一定要用定冠词the 如 He is a factory worker 他是一名工人 No one can see air 没有人能看见空气 3 可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some any a lot of lots of 等来修饰 表示 一些 许多 如 There are some a lot of oranges on the desk 桌子上有一些桔子 There is a lot of some water in the bottle 瓶里有许多水 4 可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量 如 two apples four books等 不可数名词前通常用 单位词 of 来表示数量 如 a piece of paper three pieces of paper等 a pair of shoes 一双鞋子 5 可数名词作主语时 谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致 如 These pictures is are very beautiful 这幅画很美 This orange is very sweet 不可数名词作主语时 谓语动词要用单数形式 但是不可数名词前有复数 单位词 时 谓语动 词要用复数形式 如 There are two cups of tea on the table 桌上有两杯茶 6 对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much 如 many修饰可数名词 much修饰不可数名词 How many apples are there in the box 盒子里有多少个苹果 How much tea is there in the cup 杯里有多少茶水 water 注意 对不可数名词前的 单位词 的修饰语提问时 疑问词用how many 如 How many pieces of bread are there on the plate 盘子里有多少片面包 英语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词 这两种名词在用法上这两种名词在用法上 是有区别的是有区别的 现归纳如下