book 3 unit 6 in class readingppt课件

Unit6ManandAnimals aggressioninhumansandanimals Whatanimaldoyoulikebestandwhy GroupworkShareyourfavoriteanimalandreasonsforyourchoice Askonereportertoreportinbriefallmembers talking TestYourAnimalKnowledge TextbookP241 243 Video AnimalGames Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions1 HowmanyanimalnationswillcompeteintheAnimalGames Whoarethey 2 WhateventswillbecomingupintheGames 3 Whoisthepotentialchampionforthe100 meterevent 4 WhohosttheGames 5 Onwhatequaltermswillalltheanimalsberacing Newwords Firefly萤火虫Terrestrialbeast陆栖动物Cheetah非洲猎豹Reptile爬行动物Amphibian两栖动物 AnimaGames TextStudy OrganizationAnalysis DetailedReading WordStudy OrganizationAnalysis PartI Para 1 2 Aggressioninanimals PartII Para 3 4 Aggressioninhumanbeings PartIII Para 5 Conclusion Hostilityandaggressionshouldbeexpressedinconstructiveactivityandnon violentcompetition QuestionsandAnswers 1 Normallyneitherofthetwoanimalsinafightwillbebadlyhurt why 2 Whydoanimalsinzoosoftenbecomemoreaggressivethantheywouldbeinthewild Becausetheloserwillsavehimselfbymakingagestureofsubmission Animalsinzoosarekeptincages Theyareprobablybetterfedandcaredfor butareevidentlyboredandfrustratedforlackofcompany 3 Whatarethesimilaritiesbetweenmodernmanandcagedlionaccordingtosomezoologistsandpsychologists Man slivingconditionsincrowdedcitiesaresimilartothoseofanimalsinazoo whichmakestheinhabitantsunusuallyaggressive 4 Isaggressionalwaysbadforaperson Aggressioninitselfisnotnecessarilyabadthing Somepsychologistsbelievethataggressionisabasichumaninstinctthatmustbesatisfied Ifconstructivemeansareavailabletosatisfythisinstinct manwillturnouttobequitecreative 5 Whatwillhappenifman saggressioncannotbesatisfied Heislikelytodestroyhisownspeciesunlessalternativeandnon violentwaysofexpressingaggressioncanbefound 6 Accordingtoparagraph3 4 twofactorsareanalyzedtoaccountforman saggression Whatarethey Mannowlivesincrowedconditionsanditisbecomingmoredifficulttoassertthemselvesasindividuals 7 Whyisitgrowingmoreandmoredifficultforpeopletoassertthemselvesasindividualstoday Alltheworkisrathermechanicalandthereisnochanceorpossibilitytogiveexpressiontotheirownpersonalityoridentity 8 Howcanweeliminatethenegativeeffectsofhumanaggression Internationalcompetitionsinsportsshouldbeorganized orthebestdesignedhouseorhospital orthesafestcarshouldbedesigned DetailedReading UnderstandingSentences 1 Nevertheless shouldafightfollow neithercreaturewillbebadlyhurt fortheloserwillsavehimselfbymakingagestureofsubmission ifafightshouldfollow Had were should subject verb HadInothelpedhim ifIhadnothelpedhim hewouldhavefailedinbusiness Wereshemydaughter ifsheweremydaughter Icouldsuggestadifferentplan Shouldyouneedanyhelp ifyouneedanyhelp youcanalwaysphonemeattheoffice 2 Normallyoneanimalwillonlykillanotherforfood andrarelydoesananimalkillamemberofitsownspecies Insentencesbeginningwithanegativeadverboraphrasewithanegativesense suchasnever seldom rarely nowhere hardly bynomeans undernocircumstances etc thesentenceisusuallyinaninvertedorder A not never nor neither nowhere 1 Idonotbelieveit norcanyoumakemebelieveit 2 在北朝鲜进行核试验以前 从没有这么多的人关注过它 2 NeverbeforehavesomanypeoplepaidsomuchattentiontoNorthKoreanbeforeitmadenuclearexperiment B bynomeans innotime atnotime innocase onnoaccount in undernocircumstance nolonger innoway onnocondition1 Bynomeansshouldwelookdownuponthepeoplewhoareinferiortous 2 nnocaseareyoutoleaveyourpost C seldom rarely little hardly scarcely1 SeldomwasourteachercontentwithourprogressinEnglish 2 Littledidshedreamthatshewouldmarryhim 1 Atigerthatoncecameoutofthejungleintoavillageandattackedamanwaslaterfoundtohaveaninjuredpawthathadevidentlypreventeditfromhuntingitsusualprey 2 Ifithadnothadthisdisabilityitwouldhaveundoubtedlystayedinthejungleandhuntedforfoodinthecustomaryway 3 Ifthecagedlion forexample werefreetowanderonthegrassyplainsofAfrica itwouldbecontinuallyactive rangingoverlongdistances huntinginfamilygroups Ifthehumanpopulationhadnotincreasedsorapidly peoplewouldhavehadmorespaceandfreedom Translatethesesentences 4 Infact itisgrowingmoreandmoredifficultforpeopletoassertthemselvesasindividuals astowns nationsandorganizationsbecomesteadilybigger withauthorityincreasinglycentralizedandremote authority isincreasinglyremotebecauseinthecaseofenormouscitiesorvastorganizations peopleinpowerarenotonlyfarawaygeographically butalsosurroundedbythousandsofbureaucrats 官员 Asaresult theyaremuchmoreinaccessible 无法接近的 实际上 人类作为个体要想坚持自己的权利和主张已经越来越困难了 因为城镇 国家以及组织机构变得越来越庞大 而权力则变得越发集中 越发遥远了 11 Unableintheseconditionstochanneltheiraggressionintocreativework peoplewillprobablyexpressitthroughresentmentandanger Translation channelinto means todirectsomethingintoaparticularplaceorsituation 在这样的条件下 人们无法将自己争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上 很可能就表现出怨恨 愤怒等情绪 13 Onlyifhostilityandaggressioncanbeexpressedinconstructiveactivityandnon violentcompetition willthehumanracebeabletosurvive 1 Onlywhenhehadhandedinhisexampaper didherealizehehadmadeseveralgrammaticalmistakes 2 Onlywhenyouloseyourhealth doyourealizeitsvalue aggressiveadj 1 ofpeopleoranimals aptorreadytoattack offensive quarrelsome 指人或动物 好斗的 挑衅性的 好争吵的 Ourmilitaryresponsetotheaggressiveactwaslimitedbutsufficienttoshowourdetermination WordStudy 2 verydeterminedtosucceedorgetwhatonewants有进取心的 有冲劲的 一个积极进取的年轻人在这个公司是会大有作为的 Anaggressiveyoungmancangofarinthiscompany adv aggressively好斗地 挑衅性地 好争吵地n aggression侵略 敌对的情绪或行为 攻击行动aggressiveness敌对情绪n aggressor 正式 贬义 侵略者 请了解以下常见表达 anaggressionuponone sright 侵害某人的权利 commitaggressionagainst 对 进行侵略 airaggression 侵犯领空 空中侵袭 commercial cultural economicaggression 商业 文化 经济侵略 anaggressiononsb spersonalliberty 对某人人身自由的侵犯 territorial adj Line3 Para 1 1 守卫自身活动地域的 领域性的2 领土的 属地的 请了解以下常见表达 领土主权 territorialright 领土争端 territorialdisputes 领土扩张 territorialexpansion 领土完整 territorialintegrity 地盘性动物 territorialanimals territory n Line3 Para 1 1 C U landruledbyonegovernment领土 版图2 arearegardedbyaperson animalasbelongingtoitalone地盘 领地3 areaofknowledgeoractivity 知识或活动的 范围 领域 请完成下面的句子 Exercise 他的研究兴趣甚广 Hisscientificinterests 他们解放了被占领土 Theyliberated theoccupiedterritories coverawideterritory inhabitantn apersonoranimalthatlivesinaparticularplace居民 住户 1 Theinhabitantsoftheislandwerefriendly 2 Hisresidenceinthetownenabledhimtovote 3 Wejoinedtheresidents committee4 Theyhavetakenuptheirresidenceinanewhouse residentn personwhoresidesinaplace contrastwithavisitor 居民 与visitor相对 Cf residencen 1 residing住 居留2 placewhereoneresides house住处 住宅 Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeabovewords intrude v Line3 Para 1 into on upon bringorcomeinwhennotwanted闯入 侵入 打扰 Exercise 如果他们很忙 我就不打扰他们了 Idon twantto themiftheyarebusy intrudeon 请完成下面的句子 这一儿时回忆不时地闯入她的脑海 Thememoryofherchildhood hermind keptintrudingitself into 他总是把自己的意见强加于人 Heisalways hisopinion others intruding upon intrusion n 闯入 侵入 打扰 intruder n 侵入者 闯入者 词汇扩充 intrusive adj 闯入的 侵入的 打扰的 近义词辨析 interfere指干扰 妨碍别人的行动或某事的进行 常用作贬义词 intrude多指未经允许而闯入或对他人事务进行干涉 interrupt多用于指突然介入而使正在进行的事情中断 也可表示阻断 妨碍 请选择intrude interfere或interrupt的适当形式完成句子 Exercise 一架不明国籍的军用飞机侵入我国领空 Anunidentifiedmilitaryplane theairspaceofourcountry 敲门声打断了他的思考 Aknockatthedoor hisconcentration 青年人不希望父母过多地干涉自己的事情 Yongpeopledon twanttheirparentsto toomuchwiththeirpersonalbusiness interfere intrudedinto interrupted submission Line6 Para 1 submit v 1 to yieldoneself agreetoobey服从 顺从2 to offerforconsideration呈送 提交 submission n 1 服从 顺从2 呈送 提交 提出 submissive adj 恭顺的 归顺的 submissively adv 恭顺地 归顺地 T Hi boysandgirls howareyougoingtocelebratetheNewYear sDay S Oh Mr Smith we rethinkingaboutamasquerade 化妆舞会 party T Thatsoundsgreat ButIamafraidyouhaveto 提交计划 toyouradministrator 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise 学生提交新年晚会计划 submittheplan 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise Son Mum Iwillnot 服从 becauseofthefollowingpoints First Mum OK Youdon thaveto 服从 tome Butcanwediscuss 儿子服从父母管教 submitmyselftoyou showsubmission instinctn thenaturaltendencythatapersonoranimalhastobehaveorreactinaparticularway本能 Mostanimalshaveaninstincttoprotecttheiryoung 2 anaturalfeelingthatmakesonechoosetoactinaparticularway直觉 Hehadaninstinctforpickingthebest instinctforAnimalshaveanaturalinstinctforsurvival instincttodosomethingBirdshaveaninstincttobuildnests byinstinctBirdsbuildnestsbyinstinct somebody sfirstinstinct whatsomeonefeelslikedoingfirstwhensomethinghappens Hisfirstinstinctwastorushoutofthetremblinghouse instinctiveadj 本能的 是一种本能1 Animalshaveaninstinctivedreadoffire 2 Climbingisinstinctiveinmonkeys assert v Line38 Para 4 1 assertoneself sayclearlywhatyouthink坚持自己的想法 权利 意见2 stateordeclareforcefully断言 宣称 声明 assertion n that aforcefulstatementorclaim断言 强硬声明 assertive adj forceful expressingstrongopinionsorclaims断言的 武断的 请完成下面的句子 Exercise Don tbesoshy Youneedtolearnto 坚持自己的主张 TheConsumerAssociationtrieditsbestto 维护消费者的权利 asserttheconsumers rights assertyourself He thathewasnotguilty 一再声明他的无辜 repeatedhisassertions Youcouldn tfailtonoticethat 那个说话武断的青年人 assertiveyoungman Remote Aawayfromotherplacesorpeople andveryfewpeoplegothereTheymovedtoaremotefarmhouseinNorthWales Synonym Isolatedalongwayfromothertowns buildings orpeople especiallyinaquietplacewhereyouarealoneTheareaisextremelyisolatedbecauseofthehillsthatsurroundit DistantalongwayfromwhereyouareHowcanwesendouryoungmenofftodistantlandstodieinforeignwars Bifachanceorpossibilityofsomethinghappeningisremote itisnotverylikelytohappen synonymslightremotechance possibilityThere saremotechancethatyoucancatchhimbeforeheleaves Remote Remote Cunfriendly andnotinterestedinpeopleShewasaremote quietwoman turntosomebody something Atotrytogethelp advice orsympathyfromsomeoneTheNamibiangovernmentturnedtoSouthAfricaforhelp Btostarttodoorusesomethingnew especiallyasawayofsolvingaproblemManypeoplehereareturningtosolarpower channel v Line47 Para 4 1 into direct引导 导向2 formachannelin 在 上形成槽或沟 他们把水引到地里 知识将人类引向文明 Knowledgechannelshumanbeingsintocivilization Theychannelledthewaterinto towardsthefield Translation 我们应该给这条街开辟水道 以便水能畅通地流走 Weoughttochannelthisstreetsothatwatercanflowawayeasily channel n 河床 航道 沟渠 海峡 频道 喻 途径 方法 手段 人们希望通过外交 正当途径解决这一问题 Peoplehopetosolvetheproblemthroughdiplomatic properchannels Translation Findexpressioninsomething Herangeratlastfoundexpressioninloudcursing findthewayinwhichone sfeelingsandideasareshowninparticularevents 请完成下面的句子 Exercise 他的情感最终由眼泪表现了出来 Hisfeelingsatlast 他们的个人主义在他的作品 举止中表现了出来 Theirindividualism foundexpressioninhisworks found expressionintears behavior Manmustbethemostaggressiveandcruelofalllivingcreatures Inthezooitisprobablybetterfedandcaredfor toperformsomehostilegestures 人类肯定是所有动物中最好斗和最残忍的 在动物园里 也许它吃得更好 能得到精心的照料 做一些表示敌意的姿态 Butitisevidentlyboredandfrustratedforlackofcompany 但是 由于离群索居 它显然会感到倦怠 情绪沮丧 toassertoneself aself employedcraftsman 坚持自己的权利和主张 个体手工业者 Heisthemasterofhisowntrade 他是他本行业的能工巧匠 tochanneltheaggressionintocreativework 将争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上 CompletingtheSentences Directions Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsinthebox Changetheformifnecessary 1 Thereareconcernsthatthesepoorpeoplemaynot thewinter 2 Therehavebeenseveralminor betweenthetwocountriesoverthepastdecade survive conflicts 3 Theuniversityistryingtomakemoreaccommodations forstudents 4 DoremindmebecauseI m toforget 5 Anumberofbombshaveexploded seriously atleastfivepeople 6 Ourcountrysideisincreasinglybeing intothelargercities available likely injuring absorbed 7 Thefarmershavebeenseekinghigherpricesasbetterprotectionfromforeign 8 Herfirst wastoshoutandgetangrywithhim 9 He beforehespoke asifhewasn tsurehowhiswordswouldbereceived 10 Iboughtsomenewshoesthatarevery toapairIhadbefore competition instinct hesitated similar FillingintheBlanks Direction Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsgiveninthebox Youcanuseeachwordonlyonce Aggressionisthefightinginstinctinbeastandman whichisdirectedagainstmembersofthesamespecies Itistheorizedthatinnaturalconditionsaggressionhelpsto survivalofindividuals andthusthespecies bypreventingtoodensea fromdevelopingandexhaustingallofitsfoodsources exhibitdefensecaseterritoryminuteensurecharacteristicfamiliaraggressivepopulation ensure population exhibitdefensecaseterritoryminuteensurecharacteristicfamiliaraggressivepopulation Fightingisgenerallyconsideredtobeatrait ofmalesanduncharacteristicoffemales However manybutnotallfemalemammals aggressionduringthepostpartum 产后的 periodin oftheiryoung ThegreatanimalbehavioristKonradLorenzobservedthatineveryindividualthereadinesstofightisgreatestinthemost place inthemiddleofitsterritory exhibit defense familiar characteristic exhibitdefensecaseterritoryminuteensurecharacteristicfamiliaraggressivepopulation Asthedistancefrom increases readinesstofightdecreasesproportionately Thiswasnotthe withmypetrat hewasreadyandwillingtobeatuphisneighborsthe hesteppedthroughtheirdoor Whatcausessomeratstobemore thanothers Thereiscertainlyevidencethataggressionhasageneticbasis atleastinsomeanimals case territory minute aggressive Translation Directions TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingtheexpressionsinbrackets 每当她姨妈来访的时候 她总是表现不好 behave Shealwaysbehavesbadlywhenherauntcomestovisit 2 要不是你们的帮助 我们不会准时完成任务 if Ifithadn tbeenforyourhelp wewouldn thavebeenabletofinishthetaskintime 3 我劝他别去东海岸 因为那里到处都是游客 warn off Iwarnedhimoffgoingtotheeastcoastbecauseitwasfulloftourists 4 东西便宜并不见得质量就低劣 notnecessarily Thefactthatsomethingischeapdoesn tnecessarilymeanitisoflowquality 5 如果没有人可以求教 就难以做出恰当的选择 turnto Withoutanyonetoturntoforhelp makinganappropriatechoicecanbedifficult 3 我劝他别去东海岸 因为那里到处都是游客 warn off Iwarnedhimoffgoingtotheeastcoastbecauseitwasfulloftourists 4 东西便宜并不见得质量就低劣 notnecessarily Thefactthatsomethingischeapdoesn tnecessarilymeanitisoflowquality 5 如果没有人可以求教 就难以做出恰当的选择 turnto Withoutanyonetoturntoforhelp makinganappropriatechoicecanbedifficult WritingCOMPAREANDCONTRAST