人人文库网 > 教育资料 > 中学教育 > （新课标）2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION课件+教学案+练习（打包13套）新人教版必修第三册
新课标2019_2020学年新教材高中英语课时分层作业12Unit4SPACEEXPLORATIONSectionⅤWriting__如何写出对太空探索的看法新人教版必修第三册202003030334.doc
（新课标）2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION课件+教学案+练习（打包13套）新人教版必修第三册
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（新课标）2019-2020学年新教材高中英语
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SPACE
EXPLORATION课件+教学案+练习（打包13套）新人教版必修第三册
新课
2019
2020
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高中英语
EXPLORATION
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（新课标）2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 unit 4 space exploration课件+教学案+练习（打包13套）新人教版必修第三册,（新课标）2019-2020学年新教材高中英语,unit,space,exploration课件+教学案+练习（打包13套）新人教版必修第三册,新课,2019,2020,学年,新教材,高中英语,exploration
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unit 4 space exploration1courage is the light of adversity.勇气是处于逆境时的光芒。2heroes give courage to mortals, and courage makes them heroes.英雄给予凡人勇气，勇气使凡人成为英雄。3a large number of people can be lost in the world because they lack a little courage.很多人会在尘世间迷茫，只因缺少一点儿勇气。4if you dont even have the courage to face the loss, then you dont deserve anything.如果，你连面对失去的勇气都没有，那么，你不配得到什么。5if you have the courage to start, you will have the pride of success.如果你具备了开始的勇气，就有了成功的豪情。6a mans courage can bear all the burdens; his patience can bear most of the pain.人的勇气能承担一切重负；人的耐心能忍受大部分痛苦。i look up at the starry skyi look up at the starry skywhich is so deep and vast.the neverending truthmakes me struggle to follow and quest it.i look up at the starry skywhich is so solemn(庄严的), holy and pure.the severe and aweinspiring justicemakes me filled with deep love and in awe of it.i look up at the starry skywhich is so free and serene(平静的)the broad bosomprovides the place where my soul rests and nestles to.i look up at the starry skywhich is so marvelous and glorious.the eternal(不朽的) blazekindles the flame of hope in my heartwhich resounds with spring thunder.the oddness of life in space never quite goes away. here are some examples.first consider something as simple as sleep. its position presents its own challenges. the main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.if you leave your arms out，they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet(芭蕾)dancer. “im an inside guy，”mike hopkins says，who returned from a sixmonth tour on the international space station.“i like to be wrapped up.”on the station, the ordinary becomes strange.the exercise bike for the american astronauts has no handlebars. it also has no seat. with no gravity，its just as easy to pedal violently. you can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. but station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long.without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气)has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head.you can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.leroy chiao, 54, an american retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “your inner ear thinks youre falling.meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. that can be annoyingthats why some people feel sick.”within a couple of daystruly terrible days for some astronauts brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.探索发现1the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space is deciding on a proper sleep position2the astronauts will suffer from a carbondioxide headache when they exercise in one place for a long time3some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.section listening and speaking &reading and thinkingcomprehending.匹配词义a给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思()1.astronautan.码头；船坞vt.&vi.(两架航天器)对接；(使)进港()2.procedurebn.宇航员；太空人()3.rocketcn.程序；步骤；手续()4.vehicledn.玉；翡翠；玉器()5.satelliteen.太空行走；太空行走的时间()6.mankindfn.航天器；宇宙飞船()7.spacecraftgn.火箭；火箭弹()8.spacewalkhn.人造卫星；卫星()9.jadein.交通工具；车辆()10.dockjn.人类答案15bcgih610jfedab给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思()11.be determined to do sth.a继续做，坚持干()12.find outb在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上()13.focus onc抱着的希望()14.for exampled查明；找出()15.believe ine下决心做某事()16.carry onf关注，集中做()17.on boardg例如()18.in the hope of doing sth.h相信，信仰()19.so as to i为了；以便答案1115edfgh1619abci.默写单词1mental adj.精神的；思想的2intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的3universe n.宇宙；天地万物4determine vt.查明；确定；决定5launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市6transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送7disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的8desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望9independent adj.独立的；自立的10signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志.语境填空astronaut；procedure；gravity；launch；orbit；giant；leap；mankind；agency；data1he was writing the selection procedure when i paid a visit to him this morning.2yang liwei was the first astronaut in china who successfully orbited earth.3the space craft can fly into the space only when it can escape earths gravity4afterwards，tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space.5mankind believes in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.6when travelling，we leapt(leap) over the stream.7recently，americas nasa space agency has launched another space craft to research the problem.8the accident should not happen according to my data9the big stones over there looked like giant monsters at night.10they changed their orbit while flying in space.语法填空之派生词1it must be the first duty of us to perform physical and mental(mentally) work.2she solved the problem in an intelligent(intelligence) way.3if you do，youll have the force of the universe(universal) behind you.4he has been determined(determine) to learn english well.5to his great disappointment(disappoint)，he failed again in the driving test.6as a teacher，i want my students to be independent (independently) learners.7i have to find a way to transmit(transmit) the objects.8whether you are married or single，we all want to feel desired(desire)9it is universally(universe) acknowledged that the earth goes around the sun.10he leapt/leaped(leap) on me without a word.1over eight years later，on 20 july 1969，american astronaut neil armstrong stepped onto the moon，.八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔阿姆斯特朗登上月球2.famously saying“thats one small step for a man，one giant leap for mankind”一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。3following this，many more goals were achieved.随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。词语助读frontier n边境；国界；边远地区vehicle n交通工具；车辆universe n宇宙；天地万物determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的rocket n火箭；火箭弹gravity n重力；引力satellite n人造卫星；卫星launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市orbit n(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕运行giant adj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人leap n跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/leaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过mankind n人类agency n(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送data n资料；数据astronaut n宇航员；太空人disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的desire n渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望carry on继续做；坚持干ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上independently adv.独立地；自立地spacecraft n航天器；宇宙飞船spacewalk n太空行走；太空行走的时间jade n玉；翡翠；玉器dock vi.&vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)进港n.码头；船坞signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志1looking up at the stars是现在分词作状语2本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词planets3succeed in doing sth.成功做某事，另外本句中的that引导定语从句，修饰rockets4the first person.to go into space当名词被序数词或最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语5following.是分词作状语6although引导让步状语从句7在made everyone sad and disappointed中sad and disappointed作宾语补足语8but引导并列句9this is because.，because引导表语从句10providing.分词短语作状语11than引导比较级12when引导非限制性定语从句13followed.分词作状语14not only.but also连接两个并列成分，意为“不但而且”课本原文space：the final frontier“are we alone? whats out there？”1looking up at the stars，people have always wanted to learn more about space，and scientists work hard to find answers.they make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.they also really wish to discover other planets 2that are suitable enough to support life.before the mid20th century，most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.however，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.after many experiments，they 3succeeded in making rockets that could escape earths gravity.on 4 october 1957，the sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the ussr and successfully orbited around earth.afterwards，the ussr focused on sending people into space，and on 12 april 1961，yuri gagarin became 4the first person in the world to go into space.over eight years later，on 20 july 1969，american astronaut neil armstrong stepped onto the moon，famously saying，“thats one small step for a man，one giantb10 leap for mankind.” 5following this，many more goals were achieved.for example，americas nasa space agency launched voyager 1 on 5 september 1977 to study deep space，and it still transmits data today.6although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong，accidents can still happen.all the astronauts on the ussrs soyuz 11 and americas challenger died during their missions.these disasters 7made everyone sad and disappointed，8but the desire to explore the universe never died.9this is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.an example of this ongoing work is the international space station.it orbits earth and has astronauts from different countries on boardb21，10providing a continuous human presence in space.chinas space programme started late 11than those of russia and the us，but it has made great progress in a short time.china became the third country in the world to independentlyb22 send humans into space in 2003，12when yang liwei successfully orbited earth in the shenzhou 5 spacecraftb23.then shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first chinese spacewalkb24，13followed by the vehicle jadeb25 rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.after that，china launched the tiangong 2 space lab into space and tianzhou 1 to dockb26 with it.this signalledb27 one step further in chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.more recently，china has sent change 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations.the future of space exploration remains bright.europe，the us，and china all have plans to further study and explore planets like mars and jupiter.despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will 14not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.译文参考太空：最后的边境仰望星空，(人们)不禁要问：“我们是孤独的吗？那里是什么？”，人们一直想更多地了解太空，而且科学家在努力工作寻求答案，为了查明宇宙的秘密他们制做了交通工具把那些勇敢的人带到太空。他们也真地希望能发现其他适合生命生存的行星。在二十世纪中期以后，绝大多数人认为太空旅行是不可能的。然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。在1957年10月4日，苏联成功发射了sputnik 1号卫星，且卫星成功地绕地球运转。后来苏联专注于研究送人类进入太空(这个问题)并且在1961年4月12日，尤里加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔阿姆斯特朗登上月球，说了一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”随之而来的是，许多目标都实现了。例如，为了研究外层空间，美国航空航天局在1977年9月5日发射了航行者1号，时至今日它仍然能传送一些数据。虽然科学家竭力确保不出任何错误，但事故仍然可能发生。在执行任务期间，在苏联的联盟者11号和美国的挑战者(飞船上)的所有宇航员全部遇难。这些灾难让每个人感到悲伤和失望，但是(人们)探索宇宙的渴望从未泯灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。这种继续努力的一个例子就是国际太空站。它绕地球运行，允许来自不同国家的宇航员搭乘，让人类持续不断地出现在太空中。中国的太空计划开始的比俄国和美国都晚。但是在短时间内取得了很大进步，在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独自把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟在神舟五号宇宙飞船里成功地绕地球运行。此后神舟六号和七号分别完成了第二次载人飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，紧接着月球探测车玉兔也被发射到月球去研究其表面。之后中国把天宫二号太空实验室送入太空，并且与天舟一号实现对接。这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又前进了一步。最近，为了做好测量和观测，中国已经发射了嫦娥四号去探测月球离我们较远的那一边的表面。宇航探索的未来充满光明，欧洲、美国和中国都有计划要进一步研究和探索像火星和木星这样的行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还帮助我们更好地进入未来。速读课文，完成下列任务.单项选择阅读p4041课文内容，选择最佳选项1what does the scientist do to find out the secrets of the universe?alook up at the stars.bmake vehicles to carry people into space.cwant to learn more about space.2 was launched on 4 october 1957.athe sputnik 1bthe voyager 1cthe challenger 13in 2003 yang liwei successfully orbited earth in ashenzhou 6bshenzhou 7cshenzhou 54tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space to dock with atianzhou 1bchange 4cshenzhou 5答案14baca.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息a.to look up at the starsbto learn more about space cto find out the secrets of the universedto understand the origin of universeeto orbit earth independently1the scientists make vehicles to carry people into space 2the scientists hope future discoveries will enable us 3now many scientists work hard 4scientists wish and further study and explore the space.5the sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the ussr on 4 october 1957.答案15cdbae.表格填空timeeventson 4 october 1957the sputnik 1 satellite was 1.launched by the ussr and successfully 2.orbited around earth.on 12 april 1961yuri gagarin became the first person in the world 3.to go(go) into space.on 20 july 4.1969armstrong stepped onto the moon，saying，“thats one small step for a man，one giant 5.leap for mankind.”on 5 september 1977america launched voyager 1 to study 6.deep space，and it still 7.transmits data today.in 8.2003china became the third country in the world to 9.independently send humans into space and yang liwei successfully orbited earth in the shenzhou 5 spacecraft.细读课文完成下列任务.主旨匹配1para.1achina has made great progress in exploring space.2para.2bthe future of space exploration remains bright.3para.3cthe achievements that the ussr and america made.4para.4dpeople have always wanted to explore space.5para.5ethe desire of people to explore the universe never died.答案15dceab.单项选择1the main idea of the passage is athe space exploration of mankindbthe great achievements the usa has madecyuri gagarins travel to spacedaccidents that happened in space2which of the follow statements is true according to para.2?atravelling into space was an impossible dream in the mid20th century.bthe ussr was the first country to launch satellite into space.cgagarin was the first man to step onto the moon.damerica launched voyager 1 to orbit the earth.3what is the function of the international space station?atelling us the huge risks of space exploration.bhaving astronauts from different countries on board.cletting us believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.dwelcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.4we can infer from para.4 ayang liwei orbited earth in shenzhou 5 spacecraftbtiangong 2 space lab docked with tianzhou 1 successfully in spacecthe main aim of change 4 is to make measurementsdchina has made great achievements in exploring space答案14abbd.读后续写/概要写作微技能概要写作微技能(一)归纳主旨大意(含段落大意)1概要写作的第一步便是阅读短文并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即提取有关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。归纳主旨大意，是为了整体上把握语篇要义，有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。2确定段落主旨句时，要兼顾语篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨，将段落主旨纳入语篇主旨的架构中。不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要考生根据段落内容予以归纳和概括。阅读语篇时，根据不同的文体可采取以下方法归纳主旨大意：记叙文圈出记叙文的六要素(who，when，where，what，how，why)；如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意。说明文找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议。议论文提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、结论)。- 12 -section listening and speaking &reading and thinkinglanguage points1mental adj.精神的；思想的mentally adv.精神地；思想地2intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的intelligence n智力；智慧；才智3universe n宇宙；天地万物universal adj.普遍的；全体的；全世界的universally adv.全体地，一致地4determine vt.查明；确定；决定determined adj.意志坚定的；有决心的determination n决心；果断5agencyn.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处agent n代理人；经纪人6transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送transmission n传送；传递；发送；发射transmitter n发射机；发射台；传播者，传输者7disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的disappoint vt.使失望；使沮丧disappointment n失望；沮丧8desire n渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望desirable adj.合意的；可取的；值得拥有的9independent adj.独立的；自立的independently adv.独立地；自立地1launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市the enemy launched an attack again.发起the new model will be launched in july.上市china will launch another satellite into space.发射the official launch date is in may.上市，发行2orbit n(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕运行a new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth.轨道you should come within his orbit.势力范围the earth take a year to orbit the sun.环绕运行3signal vt.&vi标志者；标明；发信号n.信号；标志at an agreed signal they left the room.信号dont fire until i signal.发信号the announcement signalled a clear change of policy.标明words and phrases知识要点1determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的(教材p40)however，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。例1she was determined to lose weight successfully this time.这一次，她下定决心一定要减肥成功。例2his father made a determined effort to quit smoking.他爸爸戒烟是意志坚定的。造句(2015福建卷)决心努力学习后，他在墙上挖了洞从邻居家“偷”光以便晚上读书。determined to study hard，he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.知识拓展(1)determine从句决定determine to do sth. 决定做某事(强调动作)determine on/upon(doing) sth.就(做)某事做出决定(2)determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(强调状态)(3)determination n. 决心提示be determined(not) to do sth.表示状态，是一种延续状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，而determine to do sth.表示动作，不能与表时间段的状语连用。类似用法的单词还有，即学即练单句语法填空she determined to work(work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.i have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.with determination(determine)，im sure i can overcome whatever hardships and dangers i may meet with.the determined(determine) look in their eyes told us that nothing could make them change their minds.小片段助记he has been determined to learn english well.so he determined on/upon reading english every morning with this great determination.im sure he will succeed in learning it well one day.知识要点2transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送(教材p40).and it still transmits data today时至今日它仍然能传送数据。例1the ceremony was transmitted live by satellite to over 50 countries.典礼通过卫星向50多个国家进行了实况转播。例2we can receive the signals transmitted from a satellite in space.我们可以接收通过太空的卫星传送的信号。造句为什么我们要把数据传到学校的电脑中？why do we have to transmit the data to the computer of our school?知识拓展(1)transmit sth.(from).to 把某物(从)传到(2)transmitter n. 发射台；传播者(3)transmission n. 传播；发射即学即练单句语法填空the message was transmitted from a radio station to audience.its generally believed that school are transmitters(transmitter) or moral values.the transmission(transmit) of the disease has been controlled now.知识要点3disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(教材p41)these disasters make everyone sad and disappointed.这些灾难让每个人感到伤心和失望例1she was deeply disappointed at losing the race.比赛输了，她很沮丧。例2these jobs didnt pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed at their new life in the city. 这些工作报酬不高，而且人们感到孤独，对城市的新生活感到失望。造句这部影片被吹捧为杰作，可是我觉得令人失望。the film was built up to be a masterpiece，but i found it very disappointing.知识拓展(1)be disappointed about/at/in.对感到失望be disappointed to do sth. 做某事失望be disappointed that. 感到失望(2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的disappoint sb. 使某人失望to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是即学即练单句语法填空the next day，we got a disappointing(disappoint) message that another buyer had offered a much higher price.there were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint)to my great disappointment(disappoint)，the council refused to consider my proposal.小片段助记much to my disappointment，he was also disappointed at the disappointing news that he was refused by the company.知识要点4desire n渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望(教材p41).but the desire to explore the universe never died.但是(人们)探索宇宙的渴望从未泯灭。例1even so，she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed.即使如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望令世人印象深刻。例2i desire that these letters should be burned after i leave.我期望我走了以后把这些信件都烧掉。造句他总是强烈渴望着学习飞行。he always had a strong desire to learn how to fly.知识拓展(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that.(should) do sth.渴望(3)desirable adj. 想要的；可取的；值得拥有的提示desire不用于进行时态。意为“期望”时，后接宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。另外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。即学即练单句语法填空we always desire to live(live) in peace with all the other countries in the world.she has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much.he had a strong desire to free(free) her family from trouble.she had a strong desire for fame.小片段助记he has a strong desire to get his desirable things，he also desired that his son be admitted by a key university，so he desired his son to work hard at school.知识要点5carry on继续做，坚持干(教材p41)this is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们仍然坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。例1why not study at medical college like lin qiaozhi and carry on her good work?为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的伟大事业呢？例2dont stop.please carry on.别停。请继续。例3she threw the ball back to the boy and then carried on reading her book.她把球扔回给男孩，然后继续看她的书。例4can you carry on with your work while i am away？我不在的时候你能继续干你的活吗？造句他离开后，我只管尽力像往常一样继续干。after he left i just tried to carry on as usual.尽管条件极其困难，我们仍必须坚持下去，直到成功。we must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.知识拓展carry on with.继续carry on a conversation继续对话carry out完成；实行；执行carry out the plan实施计划carry out an experiment做试验carry through帮渡过(难关等)即学即练单句语法填空if you carry on working(work) like that，you will break down sooner or later.i hate it when she calls me at workim always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.they carry on with their experiment despite strong opposition.小片段助记you should carry out the order and carry on with the task until it is carried through.知识要点6on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上(教材p41)it orbits earth and has astronauts from different countries on board.它绕地球运行，上面搭乘着不同国家的宇航员例1have all the passengers gone on board yet?所有乘客都登机了吗？ 例2they have gone on board.他们已经上船了。造句飞机上所有的参观者都被要求出示护照。all the visitors on board were asked to show their passports.知识拓展(1)board vt.&vi.上船/车/飞机等(2)aboard adv.&prep.上船/飞机/车；在船/飞机/车上go aboard the ship/the plane/the trainboard the ship/the plane/the train上船/飞机/火车等(3)abroad adj.国外的go abroad出国home and abroad国内外即学即练单句语法填空that afternoon aboard the train，the cousins settled down in their seats.please board the train immediately.please go aboard the train right away.please pay attention to the news from home and abroad知识要点7independently adv.独立地；自立地(教材p41)china became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立把人类送入太空的国家例1the two departments work independently of each other.这两个部门独立运作。例2it was the first time that he had lived independently.那是她第一次独立生活。造句警方应该不受政府的直接控制。the police force should be independent of direct government control.知识拓展(1)be independent of独立于；不受约束(2)independence n.独立；自主gain independence(from)(脱离)获得独立(3)dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的be dependent on依靠，依赖depend on(rely on)依靠，依赖即学即练单句语法填空the country gained full independence from britain in 1960，when people couldnt hide their excitement.as the smallest child of his family，alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent(depend)when the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.知识要点8signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志(教材p41)this signalled one step further in chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又前进了一步。例1as soon as it was dark，mrs evans gave the signal.天一黑，埃文斯夫人就发出了信号。例2you mustnt fire without my signal.没有我的信号不许开枪。造句为了不让别人听到自己的声音，她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。in order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs.知识拓展(1)signal to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal (to sb.) that. 示意(某人)(2)a traffic signal 交通信号send out a signal 发出信号明辨异同signal/symbol/sign/marksignal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号symbol指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物sign普通用词，指人们公认的事物的标志，也可指某种情况的征兆mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征即学即练单句语法填空as soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.the policeman signalled the driver to stop(stop) his car by raising his hand.he stood up，signalling(signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his client.小片段助记something was wrong with the traffic signal in the street，so the policeman signalled to the pedestrians to come cross the street.he stood there with his right hand raised，signalling to us to stop.sentence patterns重点句式1不定式作后置定语(教材p40).on 12 april 1961，yuri gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.在1961年4月12日，尤里加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。句式分析：to go into space 是不定式作后置定语，修饰the first person。例1she was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the 29th olympic games.她是在第29届奥运会上第一位获得金牌的运动员。例2the first person to arrive was tony garcia from colombia，closely followed by julia smith from britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅史密斯。 知识拓展(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next，the only，the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等。造句他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。he is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.远处的村子里没有信号，所有联系你的尝试也失败了。there was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contract you failed.即学即练单句语法填空he is always the first to come(come) and the last to leave(leave)she was the first woman to win(win) the gold medal in the olympic games.thank you for giving me the chance to make(make) the speech.重点句式2this is because.句型(教材p41)this is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。句式分析：此句为主从复合句，because引导表语从句，句式结构为this/that was/is because.例1this is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent english.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。例2he was late for school.this was because his bike was broken.他上学迟到是因为自行车坏了。造句他没有赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。he missed the first bus and that was because he got up late this morning.知识拓展(1)this/that is because.意为“这/那是因为”，用来表示原因(2)this/that is why.意为“这/那是为什么”，用来表示结果(3)the reason why.is that.意为“的原因就是”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句即学即练(1)单句语法填空he did not see the film last night. that is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.the reason why we have to study computer is that it becomes more and more useful in our daily life.he and i have worked together for a couple of years；thats why i know him pretty well.(2)完成句子他失望的原因是他考试失败。the reason why he was disappointed was that he failed in the exam.他起晚了，这就是他为什么没赶上第一班车的原因。he got up late，and this is why he missed the first bus this morning.重点句式3not only.but also句型(教材p41)despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且帮助我们更好地进入未来。句式分析：not only.but also.用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”；其中的also有时可以省略。例1he works not only on weekdays but also on weekends as well.他不仅平时工作，周末也工作。例2franklin was considered not only an inventor，but also a statesman.富兰克林不仅被看作发明家而且也是一名政治家。造句太阳不仅给我们光还给我们热。not only does the sun give us light but it also gives us heat.知识拓展not only.but also.结构表示“不但/仅而且”，通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可以连接两个并列的句子(1)not only a but also bb as well as a(2)not only.but also.连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，not only所在的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装(3)not only.but also.连接并列主语时，遵守“就近原则”(4)not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略即学即练(1)单句语法填空to achieve“chinese dream” will benefit not only chinese people but also people across the world.not only did we forget to turn off the light in the kitchen，but we also failed to lock the front door.not only the children but also their coach likes(like) playing football.(2)完成句子古典名著不仅带给你快乐和刺激，还鼓励你批判性地思考。classic works not only offer you joy and excitement，but also encourage you to think critically.观测未来主题公园不仅仅适合个人(旅游)，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。futuroscope is not only for individuals，but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.1after many experiments，they succeeded in making rockets that could escape earths gravity.分析本句为复合句，after引导的短语作时间状语，that引导的定语从句修饰先行词rockets。译文经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。2china became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003，when yang liwei successfully orbited earth in shenzhou 5 spacecraft.分析本句为复合句，when引导一个非限制性定语从句，对2003年进行补充说明，to independently send humans into space是不定式作后置定语修饰country。译文 在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟乘着神舟五号宇宙飞船成功地进行了绕地飞行。3despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.分析本句为复合句。hope后跟一个宾语从句，从句中两个动词enable和help由not only.but also连接起来；另外how又引导一个宾语从句作understand的宾语。译文尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还帮助我们更好地走向未来。教材高考1.and it still transmits data today.(2019全国卷)as data and identity theft becomes more and more common.2.despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.(2019全国卷)not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also r
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