新视野大学英语4unit3_Longing for a NewWelfare Systemsection_Appt课件

Unit3,LongingforaNewWelfareSystem,1.Whenyouaresick,youmaygototheschoolclinic.Howmuchdoyouneedtopayforyourmedicalexpenses?,Tips:Youjustneedtopay10%ofyourmedicinebills.,Pre-readingActivities,I.SocialWelfare,2.Whyjust10%?Whopaystherestforyou?,Itsapartofthesocialwelfaresystem.Thegovernmentpaystherestforyou.,Tips:,Pre-readingActivities,Publicassistanceprograms,commonlycalled“welfare”,providecashorbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy.,Pre-readingActivities,SocialWelfare,TheU.S.welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels.ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecurity政府的公共福利计划thatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare,disability,foodandmedicalassistance.,Pre-readingActivities,SocialWelfare,Thestatewelfareprograms,ontheotherhand,provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance.,Pre-readingActivities,SocialWelfare,Whichpersonismorelikelytogetwelfareassistance?Why?,Pre-readingActivities,arubbishpicker,78yearsold,nolivingpartner,nochildren,ateenageworker,15yearsold,parentsdied,workinginasmallcoalmine,achildbeggar,7yearsold,nochancetogotoschool,athree-year-oldchild,severelyill,nomoneyformedicaltreatment,Pre-readingActivities,II.WordsRelatedtoWelfare,Pre-readingActivities,III.SpotDictation,Pre-readingActivities,Directions:Youwillhearapassage.Itwillbereadtwice.Listencarefullyandsupplythemissingwords.,Pre-readingActivities,Cutsinwelfarepaymentshaveleftmanyclientssopoorthattheycannot_or_.Manywoulddescribetheirdietasbeingatthesamelevelasa_.Asaresultmost_thesystem.Giftsfromfriendsandrelatives_,moneyfrompensionis_andtherentis_.Anythingforafewmoredollars.Ofcoursethecaseworkersknowthesethingsoccur.Ratherthanhelpingtheirclients,caseworkers_andareinclinedtogiveoutlectureswhenanyhelpisaskedfor,whichisanaturalconsequenceofthinking_everyday.,affordtoeatproperly,tohaveadecentstandardofliving,householdpet,cheat,arenotdeclared,understated,exaggerated,expectthemtobowdowntothem,theyarebeingliedto,Pre-readingActivities,TextUnderstanding,LanguagePoints,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,TextUnderstanding,Thepassageexplorestheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystemfirstandthenexpressesthedesiretohaveanewsystem.Accordingtotheauthor,adisabledpersonwithspinalcordinjuries脊椎损伤,heisforcedtoaccountforeverypennywhileenduringlecturesbythecaseworkers.,Mainideaofthetext?,Itishardtohavehiswheelchairrepairedandevenhardertomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Thatiswhyhelongsforanewsystemunderwhichthedisabledlikehimcanearnpartoralloftheirownlivings.,Howisthetextorganized?,Thepassageiscomposedofthreeparts:1.Howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem.2.whattheproblemsarewithit.3.whatsolutionsshouldbeappliedtotheproblems.,TextUnderstanding,PartOneParas.1-3,PartTwoParas.4-14,PartThreeParas.15-17,Ononehand,mostwelfareclientscheatthesystemformoremoney.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.1),Problem1:Clientsareforcedtoreportanythingnewtocaseworkers.Isthereanyexamplehere?(Paras.4-8),Problem2:Itisdifficultforclientstohavetheirwheel-chairsrepaired.Isthereanyexamplehere?(Paras.9-12),Solution1:Thereneedstobealawyertoprotecttherightsofclients.Example?(Para.15),Solution2:Thewelfaresystemshouldhelpthosewhoaretoearntheirownlivings.How?(Para.16),Problem3:Ifclientsmakemoney,astheauthorsownexperiencereveals,theyhavetoaccountforeverypenny.(Para.13),Currentsituationdescribing,Problemswiththesystem,Solutionstotheproblems,Problem4:Thelawdoesnotencourageclientstomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Evidence?(Para.14),Solution3:Anewsystemisneededtoencourageclientstodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguilt.(Para.17),Allthesame,somelikemehaveoptedtolivealifeofhonesty.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.2),Ontheother,welfarecase-workers,likedetectives,expecteveryclienttobeg.Why?(Para.3),TextUnderstanding,TextUnderstanding,QandAaboutthetext:,RetelltheProceduretoAskforWheelchairRepairs,caseworker,medicalworker,wheelchairrepaircompany,mainwelfareoffice,thehandicappedclient,Whatsyourconclusion?,Itsverydifficultforwelfareclientstoaskforextrafinancialhelp.,Pre-readingActivities,TextUnderstanding,LanguagePoints,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,LanguagePoints,tolongfor(Title),经过多年战争后，人们都盼望和平。,Peoplelongedforpeaceaftermanyyearsofwar.,Example,haveadesirefor;wantverymuch,Thechildrenarelongingfortheholidays.,Awelfareclientissupposedto1cheat.Everybodyexpectsit.Facedwithsharingadinnerofrawpetfoodwiththecat,manypeopleinwheelchairsIknowbleed2thesystemforafewextradollars.Theytellthegovernmentthattheyaregettingtwohundreddollarslessthantheirrealpensionsotheycangetalittleextrawelfaremoney.Or,theytellthecaseworkerthatthelandlordraisedtherentbyahundreddollars.,1)begenerallybelievedorexpectedtobeordoShessupposedtohavefivehundredpairsofshoes.据信她有500双鞋。Itssupposedtobeagreatmovie.据说这部电影不错。,besupposedto:,2)beexpectedorrequiredtodoorbesth.accordingtoarule,acustom,anarrangement,etc.Youresupposedtobuyaticket,thoughnotmanypeopledo.尽管没有多少人买票，但你应该买。Youresupposedtoasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.如果你要离开教室，得跟老师说。,返回,bleed,2.Hedbeenwoundedinthearmandwasbleedingheavily.,Example,a.forcesb.topayalotofmoneyb.loseblood,1.Thewestisbleedingpoorercountriesdrythroughinterestpaymentsontheirdebts.,西方正通过债务利息榨干贫穷国家的财富。,向榨取,Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.Soinstead,Igooutanddrumupsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.IeventellwelfarehowmuchImake!Oh,Imtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.Theykeepmyrecords,andthatinformationgoesrightintothegovernmentscomputer.Veryhigh-profile.,opttodosth.,WhatdoyouopttodoafteryougraduatefromUniversity?,Example,choosetodosth.,返回,todrumup,DuringtheseasonofChristmaseachyear,tradersusetheirownuniquetrickstodrumuptheirbusiness.,每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意。,Example,tryhardtogetsupport,customers,business,etc.竭力争取(支持);兜揽(生意),Theywereunabletodrumupenthusiasmforthenewpolicies.他们未能激起人们对新政策的热情,返回,Imtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.(L.8)Meaning:Ifeeladesiretobepaidwithoutbeingknowntoothers.ButevenifIcouldntresistthattemptationandwantedtobepaidunderthetable,bigmagazinesIamworkingforwontagreetogetthemselvesintotroublebytellingliesformysake.,LanguagePoints,underthetable,Theywerechargedwithtakingmoneyunderthetable.,Example,inasecretway,返回,yieldto:stopresistingsth.,Iyieldedtoanimpulse.我听凭一时的冲动行事了。Thegovernmentrefusedtoyieldtothehostagetakersdemand.政府拒绝答应人质挟持者的要求。,返回,LanguagePoints,sticky,2.Herhandswerestickyfromtheicecream.,1.astickyproblem/situation,Example,a.difficultorunpleasantb.coveredinasubstancethatstickstothingsthattouchitc.(oftheweather)hotanddamp,3.asticky,humidafternoon,一个又热又潮的下午,棘手的,黏的,返回,AsawelfareclientImexpectedtobowbeforethecaseworker.Deepdown,caseworkersknowthattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbymanyoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.Imnotbeingbitter.Mostcaseworkersbeginascollege-educatedliberalswithhighideals.Butafterafewyearsinasystemthatpracticallyrequirespeopletolie,theybecomeliketheoneIshallcallSuzanne,adetectiveinshorts.,LanguagePoints,makeafoolofsb.,makeafoolofoneself,Yourbrotherismakingafoolofyou.,Example,obehavingfoolishly,Hewasdrinkingandmakingafoolofhimself.,他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。,愚弄，欺骗,出洋相,返回,LanguagePoints,tobeentitledto(do)sth.,1.Everyoneisentitledto(air)hisownopinion.,Example,havetherighttohaveordosth.,2.Thisticketdoesnotentitleyoutotravelfirstclass.,对享有权利；有权做某事,返回,LanguagePoints,liberal(L.14),2.Herparentsareveryliberalandallowheralotoffreedom.,1.Helikedtothinkofhimselfasaliberal.,Example,n.开明的人a.opentonewideasa.generous,3.Sheisveryliberalwithhermoney.,返回,NotlongafterChristmaslastyear,Suzannecametoinspectmyapartmentandsawsomenewposterspastedonthewall.Wheredyougetthemoneyforthose?shewantedtoknow.Friendsandfamily.Well,youdbetterhaveareceiptforit,byGod.Youhavetoreportanydonationsorgifts.,Thiswasmycuetobeg.Instead,Italkedback.Igotacigarettefromsomebodyonthestreettheotherday.DoIhavetoreportthat?WellImsorry,butIdontmaketherules,Mr.Callahan.Suzannetriestolecturemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichisalwaysbreakingdownbecausewelfarewontspendthemoneymaintainingitproperly.Youknow,Mr.Callahan,Iveheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.,LanguagePoints,tolecturesb.aboutsth.,HesalwayslecturingmeaboutthewayIdress.,他总说我穿着不得体。,Example,就某事训斥某人,返回,Iveheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.(L.31)Meaning:Iveheardthatyouuseyourwheelchairmoreoftenthantheaverageclientsdo.Nowonderthatswhyyourwheelchairisalwaysbreakingdown.,LanguagePoints,返回,OfcourseIdo.Imanactiveworker,notavegetable.Iliveneardowntown,soIcangetaroundinawheelchair.Iwonderwhatshedthinkifshesuddenlybrokeherhipandhadtocrawltowork.Governmentcutsinwelfarehaveresultedinhungerandsufferingforalotofpeople,notjustme.Butpeoplewithspinalcordinjuriesfeltthecutsinauniqueway:Thegovernmentstoppedtakingcareofourchairs.Eachtimeminebrokedown,lostascrew,neededanewrollerbearing,thebrakewouldntwork,etc.,andIcalledSuzanne,Ihadtoendurealittlelecture.Finally,shedsay,Well,ifIcanfindtimetoday,Illcallthemedicalworker.,Shewassupposedtonotifythemedicalworker,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.Thenthemedicalworkercalledthewheelchairrepaircompaniestogetthecheapestbid.Thenthemedicalworkeralertedthemainwelfareofficeatthestatecapital.TheyconsideredthematterfordayswhileIlayinbed,unabletomove.Finally,ifIwaslucky,theycalledbackandapprovedtherepair.WhenwelfarelearnedIwasmakingmoneyonmycartoons,Suzannestartedvisitingeveryfortnightinsteadofeverytwomonths.Shelookedintoeverycornerinsearchofunreportedappliances,ormaids,oraroastpigintheoven,oranewhelicopterparkedoutback.Sheneverfoundanything,buttherewasalwaysathickpileofformstofilloutattheendofeachvisit,accountingforeverypenny.,Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Iamanindependentbusinessman,slowlybuildingupmymarket.Itsimpossibletojumpoffwelfareandsuddenlybemakingtwothousanddollarsamonth.ButIwouldlovetobeabletopayforsomeofmylivingandnothavetogothroughanembarrassingsituationeverytimeIneedasparepartformywheelchair.Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients,becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.WelfaresentSuzannetolookaroundinmyapartmenttheotherdaybecausethechemistsaidIwasusingalargerthanusualamountofmedicalsupplies.Iwas,indeed:theholethathasbeensurgicallycuttodrainurinehadchangedsizeandtheconnectiontomyurinebagwasleaking.,Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.(Para.14)Meaning:Thereisnotanitemoflawtoencouragewelfareclientstobegraduallyindependentofthewelfaresystem.逐渐脱离福利照顾,LanguagePoints,返回,LanguagePoints,tolendoneselfto(L.56),Someproblemsdonotlendthemselvestofinancialsolutions.,Example,beeasilyusedforaparticularactivityorresult,适宜于；有助于,Hervoicedoesntlenditselfwelltoblues.,返回,Whileshewastakingnotes,myphonerangandSuzanneansweredit.Thecallerwasastatesenator,whichscaredSuzannealittle.WouldIsitonthegovernorscommitteeandtrytodosomethingaboutthethousandsofwelfareclientswho,likeme,couldearnpartoralloftheirownlivingsiftheywereallowedtodoso,onestepatatime?Hell,yes,Iwould!Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethem,notseektoconvictthemofcheating.Theywillbefreetodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguiltorfearorjustholdagood,steadyjob.,LanguagePoints,toconvictsb.ofdoingsth.wrong(L.66),Wehavenorighttoorderhimtoleaveschoolunlessthereisenoughevidencetoconvicthimofcheatingintheexam.,我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊。,Example,declareguilty宣判有罪；使服罪,Compare:accusesb.of；chargesb.with,Idontthinkthatpoliticiancandrumupmuchsupportwithallhisspeeches.Therewereafewstickymomentsduringthemeeting.Thegovernmentistryingtokeepalowprofileonthisissue.Beingunemployedentitlesyoutofreemedicaltreatment.,得到,僵局,低调,使你有权,LanguagePoints,Iherebycertifythattheaboveinformationistrueandaccurate.Ananonymousletteralertedpolicetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.Youmustbealerttopossibledangers.Thereseemstobeanelectricalproblem.Illgetsomeonetolookintoit.,证明,向报警,警惕,检查,LanguagePoints,Howdoyouaccountforthissuddendisappearanceofallthemoney?Somenovelsquitereadilylendthemselvestoadaptationasplays;othersdonot.Thejuryconvictedtheaccusedmanoftheft.Therewasntenoughevidencetoconvicthim.,解释,适合,宣判有罪,证明有罪,LanguagePoints,Youarelegallyentitledtotakefaultygoodsbacktothestorewhereyoupurchasedthem,butyouaresupposedtoaccountforwhyyouwanttodoso.,1.从法律上说，你完全可以将质量不过关的商品退还给那家商店，但是应该解释清楚为什么。,tobeentitledtodo,legally,toaccountfor,Translation,Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership,whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods.,2.你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。,tofilloutaform,toentitleyoutoadiscountongoods,Translation,3.一年前,那位汽车经销商(dealer)以优质服务来招揽顾客,如今他的生意已十分红火。,byofferinggoodservices,Oneyearago,thecardealertriedtodrumupbuyersbyofferinggoodservices.Now,hisbusinessisthriving.,todrumupbuyers,Translation,4.这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查后，他被证明犯了谋杀罪。,Thecrimewaslookedintocarefullybeforehewasconvictedofmurder.,tolookintocarefully,tobeconvictedofmurder,Translation,5.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后,我打电话向高速公路巡逻队(theFreewayServicePatrol)求助,20分钟后他们帮我解了围,留下了一张150美元的收据。,IcalledtheFreewayServicePatrolforhelpaftermycarbrokedownonthefreeway.Twentyminuteslater,theycametomyrescueandlefta$150receipt.,tobreakdown,tocometomyrescue,Translation,6.由于面临失业的危险，这些工人只好接受了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。,toyieldto,Facedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs,theseworkersyieldedtothemanagementsadviceandwentbacktowork.,tobefacedwith,Translation,7.拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父亲敲诈了两万美金，来补偿他公司的损失。,Themiddle-agedmanwhotooktheboybledthefatherfor$20,000asacompensationforthelossofhiscompany.,Translation,8.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立了自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。,Themanlivingonwelfarebegantosetuphisownmarket,onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving.,themanlivingonwelfare,businessbethriving,onestepatatime,Translation,Pre-readingActivities,TextUnderstanding,LanguagePoints,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,Summary,Lifeinawheelchairis_.Livingonwelfareisjustlikesharingadinnerofrawpetfood_thecat.Manywelfareclientsdonothavemoneyto_adecentlife._,lyingandcheatingthewelfaresystem_extramoneybecomesnormal.However,someunusualindividuals,whohave_tolivealifeofcompletehonesty,do_thetruthtocaseworkersand_anyextraincometheymake.Beinghonest,however,isnot_itsproblems.Caseworkerswillgreatly_thefrequencyoftheirvisitsandleave_asmall,tough,with,live,Asaresult,for,madeachoice,tell,without,declare,increase,behind,Summary,mountainofpaperwork_theclienttofill_.Therulessaythatnotapennyistobe_for._asinglegift,_small,istobeunreported.Theserulesandthenaturalconsequentlying_tendtotransformcaseworkers_beinghelpersofthepoor_beingdetectivesconstantly_foranyformsofcheating.,for,out,unaccounted,Not,nomatterhow,unfortunately,from,to,searching,Pre-readingActivities,TextUnderstanding,LanguagePoints,1,2,3,UnitThree,Summary,4,5,Writing,Fastfood,快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。a快餐受欢迎有两条原因；b然而，从营养角度讲，快餐却差强人意。3.对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。,Writing,FastFood,FastfoodisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina,especiallyamongchildrenandteenagers.Today,itisratherdifficulttofindanotherthingthatsymbolizesthefastpaceofmodernlifeaspowerfulasfastfood.Forthepopularityoffastfood,therearemainlytworeasons.Foronething,itisconvenientandsavesthecustomermuchtime.Youjustneedgointoafastfoodrestaurant,orderyourfood,andyourfoodwillbeservedinnotime.Youcaneithereatitthereor,W