m1u1schoollifegrammar

SchoollifeGrammarandusage,英语五种基本句型列式如下：,基本句型一：（主谓）基本句型二：（主系表）基本句型三：（主谓宾）基本句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：（主谓宾宾补）,一、判断下列句子的结构类型,1.Heisrunning.2.Theloudvoicefromtheupstairsmadehimangry.3.Thelittleboyisaskingtheteacherallkindsofquestions.4.Sheseemedangry.5.Myfatherboughtmeabeautifulpresent.6.Whydoyoukeepyoureyesclosed？7.Willyoutellusanexcitingstory？8.Wemustkeepourclassroomtidyandclean.9.Iheardthebabycryinginthesittingroom.10.Canyoupushthewindowopen？,Leadin,A:Thatteamwonthegame.B:Whichteam?A:,thegreenteam.2.theteamingreen.3.theteamwhoarewearinggreen.,Attributives,prepositionalphrase,attributiveclause,adjective,A:Thatteamwonthegame.B:Whichteam?A:,Thegreenteamwonthegame.Theteamingreenwonthegame.Theteamwhoarewearinggreenwonthegame.,一.定语从句的基本定义,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的词叫先行词。,关系词的分类,关系代词,2.关系副词,常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,常用的关系副词有：when,where,why,二.关系词的分类,Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.,先行词,关系代词,Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.,先行词,关系副词,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawthegirlyesterday.,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawthegirlyesterday.,Step1.确定主句，找相同成分,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,thegirl,Thegirl,Step2.把从句放到主句先行词之后,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawthegirlyesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.,Step3.删掉从句中的相同成分，并在从句前加上关系词,thegirl,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,themachine,amachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneisthemachinecanfly.,amachine,that/which,在定语从句中，关系词可以充当从句中的：subject主语object宾语predicative表语attribute定语adverbial状语,关系代词,关系副词,四.关系词的基本用法,Assubject主语TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Asobject宾语Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.Thewomangotthejob.Wesawherinthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawinthestreetgotthejob.,Aspredicative表语Jackisnolongeralazyboy.Heusedtobealazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.,Asattribute定语,Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.,TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.,whoseEnglish=thestudentsEnglish,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.,Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.,whosewindow=thehouseswindow,Asadverbial状语TheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.,在限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法：,who指人，在从句中作主语、宾语。(作宾语可省略),1）eg.Heisnotthemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterday.Theprofessorwhoyouwishtoseehascome,2)eg.Doyouknowtheman(whom)wesawattheBeijingHotel?,whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。,(1)Imnotinterestedinthebookwhichhasjustbeenpublished.(2)Mymotherfoundthegoldring(which)shehadlost.,which指物，在句中作主语或宾语作宾语时可以省略。,Theseasonthatcomesafterspringissummer.,that指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。,Doyouknowtheman(that)Iamtalkingto,TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.whose=thestudents关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose=thewindowofthehousewhose指人或物。作定语。表示所属关系。,关系代词用法,人物,主宾,主宾,主宾,人,人,人物,物,*6.先行词是下列词时，限制性定语从句必须用that引导。,1)先行词是不定代词或被其修饰（all,some,any,few,little,much,every,each,no,anything,nothing,everything，something等）eg.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.,IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou.,Everymeansthathadbeentriedprovedtobeuseless.,2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。,eg.Thisisthecleanestparkthatyoucanimagine.Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.,3)先行词被thevery,theonly,theright,thelast,justthe等修饰,eg.ThisistheonlybookthathasbeenwritteninFrench.Thosearetheverywordsthatheused.ThisisjustthebookthatIamlookingfor.,4)当先行词由人和物两部分组成时，eg.Hetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthathehadvisitedinthecity.,5)在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用that引导。eg.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere.WhichisthecarthatwasmadeinBeijing.,6)先行词在从句中作表语时，通常用that引导。（常可省略）eg,.Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewasbeforeshewenttothecountry.,7,当主语以here,there开头时,eg,Hereistheplacethatyouvebeenlookingfor.,先行词被such,thesame修饰时，通常用as引导定语从句,eg,ThisisnotsuchabookasIwant.ThisisthesamebookasIwant.,关系代词的用法练习,1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparentsfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.5.Idontlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.,TheeggsIboughtthemwerenotfresh.,Thefriendhecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.,Heprefersthecheeseitcomesfromhisparentsfarm.,Thenoodlesyoucookedthemweredelicious.,Idontlikethepeopletheysmokealot.,(that/which),who/that,that/which,(which/that),that/who,Practice,Theman_standsthereisTom.Thegirl_ImetisMsLi.Theboy_watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_liesonthedeskishis.Thepen_youboughtisgood.Themagazine_coverisredisnice.,who/that,(whom/that),whose,which/that,(which/that),whose,Practice,1.Thisisthebestfilm_Iveseen.2.Thatisthelastlesson_Igaveyou.3.Thisistheverybook_Imafter.4.Thatisjustthecoat_colorisred.5.Thatistherightplace_heworks.6.Istillremembertheschoolsandboys_Imetthere.,(that),(that),(that),whose,where,(that),7.Everything_yousaidistrue.8.Whichisthebook_youwant?9.Whoisthegirl_sitsthere.10.All_hesaidistrue.11.All_issaidbyhimistrue.12.Arethereanyproblems_troubleyou?13.Iwillmakefulluseofthetime_isleftforme.,(that),(that),that,(that),that,that,that,14.Suchboys_youmentionedarewell.15.Theboys_youmentionedarewell.16.Itissodifficultaproblem_noonecanworkout.17.Itissodifficultaproblem_noonecanworkitout.18.Sheworethesamehat_youworeyesterday.,that,suchas,as,as,as,19.Youhavemadethesamemistake_youmadelasttime.20.Ihadthesameexperience_youhavenow.21.Shewenttothesameplace_s