6篇四级模拟阅读及答案.doc

Passage onePeoples tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left,and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path,lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance waller and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows. Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyones benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by ( 英国的路旁停车带 ). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to wall a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic. 56. In Britain it is very risky to _. Ago with a single railway ticket Blisten to pop-music at the festival C. sleep in the open Dpack together in crowds 57. At the end of the festival, many young fans_. Awere arrested by the police Bhad spent most of their money Cwere sleeping out Dbecame quite penniless 58. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large_. Atracks through the open country Bareas of country without soil Careas of countryside not developed Dexpanses of land where nobody works 59. Public pathways are created for people to_. Acommute to work Benjoy long-distance walking C. wall to maritime counties Dvisit the historic or scenic sites 60. Family groups nowadays like to_. Ahave meals out of doors by the road-side Bgo for a walk away from home Cdrive out past the beautiful places Dhear and smell the animalsPassage Two Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyones satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have eactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else-he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish. I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned. Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on. Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is onlyhaving a look around. She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the look-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps,before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. So most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands. 61. When a man is buying clothes, _. Ahe chooses things that others recormnend Bhe buys cheap things, regardless of quality Che buys good things, so long as they are not too expensive D. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things 62. In commerce a good salesman is one who_. Asells something a customer does not particularly wantBalways has in stock the thing the customer wants Ccan find out quickly the goods required Ddoes not waste his time on difficult customers 63. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants? AHe buys something that is similar enough to the ideal one. BHe usually does not buy anything. CAt least two of his reqnirements must be met before he buys. DSo long as the style is right, he buys the thing. 64. According to this passage, when shopping for clothes, women_. Aoften buy things without thinking Bseldom buy cheap clothes Cwelcome suggestions from anyone Dnever take any advice 65. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers? AThe fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop. BWomen bargain for their clothes, but men do not. CWomen stand up while shopping, but men sit down. D. The time they take over buying clothes.Passage threeQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. Fried foods have long been frowned upon. Nevertheless, the skillet (长柄平底煎锅) is about our handiest and most useful piece of kitchen equipment. Strong woodcutters and others engaged in active labor requiring 4,000calories per day or more will take approximately one-third of their rations prepared in this fashion. Meat, eggs, and French toast cooked in this way are served in millions of homes daily. Apparently the consumers are not beset with more signs of indigestion than afflicted by those who insist upon broiling, roasting, or boiling. Some years ago one of our most eminent physiologists investigated the digestibility of fried potatoes. He found that the pan variety was more easily broken down for assimilation than when deep fat was employed. The latter, however, dissolved within the alimentary tract ( 消化道 ) more readily than the boiled type. Furthermore, he learned, by watching the progress of the contents of the stomach by means of the fluoroscope (荧光检查仪), that fat actually accelerated the rate of digestion. Now all this is quite in contrast with authority. Volumes have been written on nutrition, and everywhere the dictum ( 权威意见) has been accepted-no fried edibles of any sort for children. A few will go so tar as to forbid this style of cooking wholly. Now and then an expert will be bold enough to admit that he uses them himself, the absence of discomfort being explained on the ground that he possesses a powerful gastric ( 胃的 )apparatus. We can of course sizzle perfectly good articles to death so that they will be leathery and tough. But thorough heating, in the presence of shortening, is not the awful crime that it has been labeled. Such dishes stimulate rather than retard contractions of the gall bladder. Thus it is that bile ( 胆汁 ) mixes with the nutriment shortly after it leaves the stomach.We dont need to allow our foodstuffs to become oil soaked, but other than that, there seems to be no basis for the widely heralded prohibition against this method. But notions become fixed. The first condemnation probably rose because an oracle ( 圣贤) suffered from dyspepsia (消化不良) which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu. The theory spread. Others agreed with him, and after a time the doctrine became incorporated in our textbooks. The belief is now tradition rather than proved fact. It should have been refuted long since, as experience has demonstrated its falsity.56. This passage focuses on_.A why the skillet is a handy piece of kitchen equipmentB the digestibility of fried foodsC how the experts can mislead the public in the area of food preparationD why fried foods have long been frowned upon57. People engaged in active labor eat fried foods because _.A they are healthfulB they are much cheaperC they can be easily digestedD they can provide the calories the workers need58. The author implies that the public should_.A prepare some foods by fryingB avoid fried foods if possibleC fry foods for adults but not for childrenD prepare all foods by frying59. When the author says that an oracle suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu he is being_.A gratefulB factualC sarcastic D humorous60. The passage was probably taken from_.A a medical journalB a publication addressed to the general publicC a speech at a medical conventionD an advertisement for cooking oilPassage fourQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage. In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special return programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientistsand technicians to return to Latin America.In the 1980s and 1990s, temporary return programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Programs Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居国外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) fromthese countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.61. Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?A The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.B. The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.C Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.D The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.62. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the developing countries are losing their brain power?A Many professionals did not feel comfortable in their home countries after they returned home.B Temporary return programs encouraged professionals to work in their home countries for short periods.C The new laws of the international market encourage knowledge transfer.D The professionals from the developing countries have been trained in fields where they could not apply their knowledge to the best advantage in their home countries.63. In the authors opinion, the developing countries should _.A keep their present administrative procedures so as to ensure that their students return after graduationB cooperate more effectively with international organizationsC set up more return programs under the guidance of the UND send students abroad in the fields where their knowledge is more likely to be made full use of in their own countries64. According to the passage, the problem of the developing countries will continue_.A as long as the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can educate domesticallyB as long as the developing countries are content with their present institutional structuresC unless those countries stop sending large number of students to be trained abroadD if theh governments fail to make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals65. The best title for the passage is_.A The Brain Drain of the Developing Countries B Knowledge Transfer C The Talents from the Developing CountriesD The Failure of Development ProgramsPassage fiveQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other peoples. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he cant find the way to get the right answer. Lets end this nonsense of grades, exams,marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of ones life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get in the world? Dont worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.56. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A By imitating what other people do.B By making mistakes and having them corrected. C By listening to explanations from skilled people.D By asking a great many questions.57. The passage suggests that learning to speak and leaming to fide a bicycle are _.A not really important skills B more important than other skillsC basically different from learning adult skillsD basically the same as learning other skills58. According to the passage, the author thinks teachers in school should_.A allow children to learn by himself or herselfB point out childrens mistakes whenever theyre foundC correct childrens mistakes as soon as possibleD give children more book k