高等学校英语应用能力考试A级-词汇与结构.ppt

选择题常考语法:1.时态和语态2.状语从句3.非谓语动词4.虚拟语气5.定语从句6.强调句7.倒装句8.其他,词汇与结构,一.时态和语态(10次)1.Accordingtothetimetable,thetrainforBeijingat9:10pmfromMondaytoFriday.(2010.6)A.wasleavingB.isleavingC.leavesD.hasleave2.Theteamisgoingouttoholdapartytomorrowafterittheproject.(2010.12)A.completesB.completedC.willcompleteD.willhavecompleted,词汇与结构,表现阶段习惯性的动作和存在的状态,在时间、条件和让步状语从句表将来的动作。,一.时态和语态3.Bytheendofnextyear,Iforthecompanyfor10years.（2010.12）A.workB.amworkingC.hadworkedD.willhaveworked,词汇与结构,将来某一时刻或某行为之前所完成的动作，常与“bythetime+句子”，“bytheendof+现在或未来的时间状语”。（3次）,一.时态和语态4.Lastweektwoengineerstohelpsolvethetechnicalproblemsoftheproject.(2012.6)A.havesentB.weresentC.sentD.hadsent5.Theprogramtohelpstudentspreparefortheirfirstyearatourcollege.(2013.12)A.isdesignedB.designedC.designsD.hasdesigned,词汇与结构,二、状语从句(16次)1.Thenewdrugwillnotbeputonthemarketithasprovedsafeonhumans.(时间状语2010.6,该语法点考了2次)A.ifB.untilC.sinceD.when2.Dontriskanyofyourmoneyinthebusinessyouarenotafraidoflosingit.(条件状语2010.12,该语法点考了2次)A.afterB.beforeC.unlessD.when,词汇与结构,Notuntil,直到才，主句的谓语通常为瞬间动词。,引导条件状语从句的连词有if,unless,so/aslongas(只要),sofaras(只要),onconditionthat(如果),incase,suppose,supposing.,二、状语从句(16次)3.peopleinvestmoneyinthiscompanytheybelieveitwillmakeprofit.(原因状语2011.12)A.thoughB.becauseC.unlessD.until4.TherewasnoprooftoshowthatCharleshadcommittedthecrime,hewassetfree.(结果状语2012.12)A.butB.forC.orD.so,词汇与结构,还有由nowthat，seeingthat,inthat,forthereasonthat引出。,引导结果状语从句的连词有sothat,so,that,sothat,suchthat,withtheresultthat().,二、状语从句(16次)5.youchoosetocontactus,youcanexpectourefficientandhelpfulservice.(让步状语2011.12)A.NosoonerthanB.EversinceC.NomatterhowD.Eventhough,词汇与结构,让步状语从句通常由although,though,however,whatever,whoever,nomatter(how,what,etc),evenif,eventhough。,三.非谓语动词(12次)1.greatlossesinthefinancialcrisis,thecompanycloseddownlastyear.(2012.6)A.BeingsufferedB.TosufferC.HavingsufferedD.suffered2.Thecompanyisofferingafivepercentdiscounttocustomersasawayitsonlinesales.(2012.6)A.promotingB.promotedC.topromoteD.promotes,词汇与结构,逻辑主语company和从句动词suffer是主动关系，遭受损失发生在倒闭之前。,asawaytodosth.作为某事的一种方式，不定式为定语。,三.非谓语动词(12次)3.Theproposalatthemeetingnowisofgreatimportancetoourdepartment.(2010.6)A.beingdiscussedB.tobediscussedC.havingdiscussedD.discussing,词汇与结构,四.虚拟语气(4次)1.Tommightnothavemadesuchaseriousmistakeifheyouradvice.(2010.6)A.followedB.followsC.hadfollowedD.hasfollowed,词汇与结构,例：、IfIhadcomehereyesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.、IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.、Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,theycouldntgoout.,非真实条件句对三种时间的虚拟,四.虚拟语气(4次)2.EveryMondaymorningwhenIaminmysmalloffice,IwishIinamultinationalcompany.(2011.6)A.wereworkingB.haveworkedC.amtoworkD.work,词汇与结构,四.虚拟语气(4次),词汇与结构,Wish引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。1表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成：主语+wish(that)+从句主语(动词过去式,be一律用were）例如：IwishIkneweverythingintheworld.2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望构成：主语+wish(that)+从句主语+(had+过去分词)例如：Iwishthatyouhadcalledyesterday.3表示将来不大可能实现的愿望构成：主语+wish(that)+从句主语+(would/should/could/might+原形动词)例如：Iwishthathewouldtryagain.,五、定语从句(7次)1.Infact,therearedifferentreasonspeopleareworkinglonghours.(2012.6该语法点考了3次)A.whereB.whichC.whyD.how2.Wetakegreatprideinourcampus,isoneofthemostbeautifuluniversitysettingsinthecountry.(2013.12)A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when,词汇与结构,how不用于定从，where表地点，which表物，why表原因,六、强调句(4次)1.Itwasnotuntilyesterdaythebusinessnegotiationfinallycametoasuccessfulend.(2013.12)A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.after2.Itwasbecauseofhisgoodperformanceattheinterviewhegotthejobwiththebigcompany.(2010.6)A.soB.whatC.thatD.how,词汇与结构,七、倒装(6次)1.Onlywhenwehurriedtotheairportthebusinessnegotiationfinallycometoasuccessfulend.(2010.6)A.wefoundB.didwefindC.havewefoundD.wehavefound2.Nosoonerhisjobinasmallcompanythanhereceivedanofferfromabiginternationalfirm.(2013.12)A.hequitB.hehadquitC.hadhequitD.doeshequit,词汇与结构,七、倒装(6次)1.省略if的虚拟条件从句的倒装是将were,had和should移至主语前。e.g.shouldhecometomorrow,hewouldhelpuswithourwork.2.so,neither/nor开头。结构为So+be(have,助动词、情态动词)+主语；neither/nor+be(have,助动词、情态动词)+主语。3.句首为否定意义的词。如never,notonly,notuntil,hardly/scarecelywhen,seldom,nosoonerthan,innoway等。4.句首为“only+副词”、“only+介词词组”、“only+状语分句”时。,词汇与结构,填空题Steps:1.根据句子理解句子意思。2.根据填空题前后的词性确定所填单词的词性、数目、时态、语态。,词汇与结构,词汇与结构,近几年常考题型:1.单词的名词形式（出现13次）。e.g.Employersinasmall(organize)areespeciallyinterestedinindividualswithgoodcommunicationskills.需要考虑填名词形式的情况。缺少的部分是句子（从句）的主语、宾语。1、前面有形容词修饰。2.前面有定冠词“the”、不定冠词“a、an、many、any”、不定代词“your,his,her,their.etc”且空的后面不为名词时.3.前面同时有“1”和“2”的情况。例外：the+形容词=名词。,organization,词汇与结构,4.“of”的后面，且其后没有名词。e.g.Thepaintonthefencecameoffastheresultof(expose)totherain.5.“With”的后面，前面可以有形容词。注意：注意名词单复数形式。Exercise:ModelTest7.,exposure,词汇与结构,2.单词的形容词形式（出现15次）。e.g.Ofallthemarketingplansproposedatthemeeting,thisoneisbelievedtobethe(practical).需要考虑填形容词形式的情况。缺少的部分是定语或表语时。1、在系动词和感官动词如“feel,taste、smell、look、sound”后面做表语。2、后面有名词。3.前面有定冠词“the”、不定冠词“a、an、many”、指示代词“your,his,her,their.etc”且空的后面为名词时.,mostpractical,词汇与结构,4.“of”的后面，且其后有名词。5.“With”的后面，其后有名词。注意：注意形容词有原形、比较级、最高级形式。有些动词的-ed,和-ing形式可以做形容词。Exercise(2013.12):1.wemakeeveryefforttoensurethatourtransactionprocessissafeandthatyour(person)informationissecure.2.Itisnot(surprise)thatthisnewstyleofhandbagismainlypurchasedbyyoungwomen.3.Salesinthefirsthalfoftheyearwere(slow)thanexpected,buttheyareexpectingstrongersalesinthesecondhalf.,personal,surprising,slower,词汇与结构,3.单词的动词形式（出现39次）。e.g.Attheendofyesterdaysinterview,she(offer)thepositionadvertisedinthenewspaper.场合：1、谓语动词形式。2、非谓语形式，动词的-ed,-ing,to+动词。3、固定搭配,wasoffered,词汇与结构,1）.谓语动词(主句或从句中的谓语21次)动词有时态，过去，现在，将来时动词有语态，主动、被动动词有数的变化。（复数、第三人称单数）e.g.Thetotaloutputofthisfactory(double)sinceitwasputintooperationin2006.Mostofthehighschoolstudentswho(interviewed)yesterdaybelievedthattheyshouldcontinuewiththeireducation。Itisreportedthattheconstructionofthenewsubway(complete)nextmonth.,hasdoubled,wereinterviewed,willbecompleted,词汇与结构,2）.非谓语动词（9次）todo,doing,done;e.g.Accordingtothesurvey(conduct)recently,52%ofAmericanbusinesspeoplebookedtheirbusinesstravelonlinelastyear.Pleasereadthroughtheinformationbelowbefore(fill)inyourapplication.Igottothestation,only(find)thatthetrainwaspullingout.,conducted,