2015高考一轮复习讲义必修1 Unit 2 .doc

Unit 2English around the world1official(adj.)官方的；正式的；公务的(n.)官员 2.elevator (n.) 电梯，升降机3native(adj.)本国的/本地的(n.)本地人/本国人 4. petrol (n.) 汽油(= gas)5actually(adv.)实际上；事实上 6. voyage (n.) 航行，航海7command(n.& vt.)命令；指令；掌握 8. apartment (n.) 公寓，单元住宅9request(n.& vt.)请求；要求 10. actually (adv.) 事实上，实际上11accent(n.)口音；腔调；重音 12. enrich (vt.) 使富裕，充实13straight(adv.)直接；挺直(adj.)直的/正直的 14. vocabulary (n.) 词汇；词汇量15.base(vt.)以为根据；(n.)基部；基地；基础basic(adj.)基本的；基础的16gradual(adj.)逐渐的；逐步的gradually(adv.)逐渐地 17. spelling (n.) 拼写；拼法18latter(adj.)较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的latest(adj.)最新的；最近的later(adv.)后来；(adj.)后期的lately(adv.)近来；最近19identity(n.)本身；本体；身份identify(vt.)认出；鉴定20fluent(adj.)流利的；流畅的fluently(adv.)流利地；流畅地fluency(n.)流利；流畅21frequent(adj.)频繁的；常见的frequently(adv.)常常；频繁地frequency(n.)频率22expression(n.)词语；表示；表达express(vt.)表达23recognize(vt.)辨认出，承认；公认recognition(n.)认出；认识 24. usage (n.) 惯用法25. Midwestern (adj.) 中西部的 26. southeastern (adj.) 东南方的，来自东南的27. lorry (n.) 卡车 (=truck) 28. catfish (n.)鲶鱼29. lightning (n.)闪电 30. block (n.) 街区，块，石/木块 31. cab 出租车1because_of由于，因为 2at_present现在，目前3such_as例如 4more_than不仅仅是，不只是5communicate_with_sb.与交流/交际 6the_number_of的数量7believe_it_or_not信不信由你 8come_up走近，上来9make_use_of利用，使用 10play_a_part_in扮演一个角色，参与11base.on以作为的基础 12standard_English标准英语1It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。more.than.与其说倒不如说仿写：促使她成功的原因，与其说是她聪明，倒不如说是她的努力工作。It was more_hard_work_than cleverness that led to her success.2So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. 因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同。the same.as.与相同仿写：老师给了我和上次相同的建议。The teacher gave me the_same advice as he did last time.1.base vt.以为根据；n.基部；基地；基础This provides a good base for the development of new technique.这为新技术的发展提供了良好的基础。(1)(2)a military base军事基地 (3)basic adj.基本的，基础的Based_on a true love story，the film we saw yesterday is highly thought of.以一个真实的爱情故事为基础，我们昨天看的电影受到高度评价。As far as Im concerned，we should base the theory on careful research.就我个人而言，我们应该把理论建立在仔细研究的基础上。The government provides them with not only food and shelter，but also the_basic_skills for their living.政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。2.command nC 命令；指令；U 掌握；vt.命令，指挥，支配The police arrived and took command of the situation. 警察到达后就控制了局势。(1)(2)(3)As far as I know，they are in_command of the present situation.据我所知，他们控制了目前的局势。Im at your commandwhat would you like me to do?我听从你的吩咐你要我做什么？It is important for learners of English to have a good command of English and American idioms.对于英语学习者来说，掌握好英国和美国的习语是非常重要的。The boss commanded_that his workers (should) not/his workers not to leave their office before dark. 老板命令他的员工们天黑之前不能离开办公室。command所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”，能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆：一坚持：insist 二命令：order，command 三建议：advise，suggest，recommend四要求：request，require，demand，desire3.request n& vt.请求；要求They have made an urgent request for international aid.他们紧急请求国际援助。(1)make (a) request for请求；要求 at sb.s requestat the request of sb.应某人之要求(2)request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事 request that.(should) do sth.请求做某事It is requested that.(should) do.要求 I made_a_request that the students should be well prepared for the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。 All members of the club are_requested_to attend the annual meeting.请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。It is requested that all the articles should be related to the students life.要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。4.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认The town has changed so much that you wouldnt recognize it.这个城镇变化太大了，你会认不出它来的。 (1)recognize sb./ones voice认出某人(听出某人的声音)(2)(3)The moment I answered the phone，I recognized his voice.我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。We had to recognize that they had many advantages over us in some aspects.我们不得不承认，他们在某些方面要比我们更有优势。 It_is_recognized_that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。.完成句子1Many students believe that the choice of their courses and universities should_(以他们个人的兴趣为基础)2_(精通英语语法) makes it easier for him to understand long sentences while reading.3The teacher left a note to the students with a request that they_ (应该完成所有的作业) before Friday.4The city has been built up so fast that its changed_(认不出来)5Jane and Mary are good friends；the former is a teacher，_ (后者是一位护士).单项填空1 _an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABased BBasing CBase DTo base2Shall I come another day to get further information about your bookstore?Sure. My secretary and librarian will be at your_.Ahelp Bcompanion Cservice Drequest3 Last year the Chinese Internet users were required that they _with their real names when getting online. Awould register Bregister Cregistered Dwere registered4How do you like our city?It has changed beyond all_in the past 20 years，a completely new one in front of me.Arealization Bdescription Cexpression Drecognition5With our knowledge_practice，we can make great contributions to our society.Ato base on Bbasing on Cbased on Dbase on1. because of因为；由于There are many homeless people because_of_the_earthquake.因为地震，很多人无家可归。She was angry because of what you had said.因为你说的话，她生气了。辨析：because与because of(1)because of是复合介词，意为“因为”，后接名词/代词/what引导的宾语从句，在句中作状语。(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人请Lucy换坐另一个椅子，因为他想挨着他妻子坐。2.come up走近；上来；被提出；发芽Id like to come up to your apartment.我很乐意到你的公寓去。come about发生 come across(偶然)遇见 come up with追上；赶上；想出(主意)；找出come out(照片上)显露，结果是；出版 come to恢复知觉；共计；达到(某种状态)when it comes to.当达到As soon as the project came_up at the meeting，it attracted many peoples attention.这项工程一在会议上提出，吸引了许多人的关注。Ill let you know if anything comes up.如果发生什么事的话，我会让你知道的。 Ill never understand how it came_about that you were late three times a week.我就不明白你为何一周迟到三次。3.make use of利用；使用You cannot choose what you are given，but you can choose how you make use of it.你不能选择别人给你的，但你可以选择如何利用别人给你的。(1)make full/good use of充分利用make the best/most of充分利用take (full) advantage of(充分)利用(2)come into use开始被使用 be of great use很有用 It is no use doing sth.做是没用的 My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.我的经历告诉我不是你拥有什么而是你怎样利用你所拥有的决定了你的未来。 In my opinion，every minute should be made_full_use_of to learn well.依我看来，我们应充分利用分分秒秒把学习搞好。Last but not least，its everyones responsibility to make_the_most_of_water.最后，充分利用水资源是每个人的责任。.选词填空make the most of；such as；believe it or not；because of；play an important part in；the number of1Friends_our lives，although we may take friendship for granted.2Yuan Longping has won a very high reputation_what he has done for Chinas agriculture.3Scientists are developing new ways to_ the solar energy more effectively.4Its true that our future is determined by many things，_opportunities and help from others.5 _the students present at the meeting was smaller than I expected.6 _，I didnt get into trouble for being late for class today.单项填空1 If you make_most of the equipment，there will be_rise in production.A/；/ Bthe；a C/；a Dthe；/2The money collected should be made good use_the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake. Aof helping Bto help Cto helping Dof to help3 Would you like to_with us to the film tonight?Acome along Bcome off Ccome across Dcome through4I dont think I can go there with you as planned because something urgent has_.What a shame! Acome up Bcleared up Cstayed up Dended up5 _one is fully prepared，outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.ABecause of BBecause CWhen DUnless1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。even if/even though通常引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，尽管”，所引导的从句常用一般现在时代指将来。在主从句主语相同时也可采用省略句结构。Allow children the space to voice their opinions even_if they are different from your own.允许孩子有发表观点的空间，即使不同于你自己的观点。He keeps a habit of taking regular exercise，even though he doesnt have much spare time every day. 尽管他每天没有多少闲暇时间，他依然保持着经常锻炼的习惯。仿写：如果你微笑，即使你情绪不好，它也会立刻改善你的心情。If you smile，even_if_youre_in_a_bad_mood，it will immediately improve your mood.2. Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。句中“no such单数名词”意为“没有这样的”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an单数名词”。He was admitted to a very famous university. But I have no_such_luck.他被一所非常著名的大学录取了。但我却没有这样的运气。拓展延伸such还可用于以下几种结构：(1)suchthat结果状语从句(2)such.as.像这样的，as在句中引导定语从句。(3)such as例如，用于列举人或事物，与所列举的内容之间没有标点符号分隔。The book is written in such_easy_English_as beginners can easily understand.(as引导定从)这本书用那么简单的英语书写，初学者能容易理解。The book is written in such easy English that beginners can easily understand it.(that引导结果状语从句) 这本书用那么简单的英语书写，初学者能容易理解。 We need many things to start our work such_as_computers，printers and other necessary office equipment.我们要开始工作需要许多东西，例如电脑，打印机以及其他必要的办公设备。仿写：一切都是有代价的，天下没有免费的午餐。Everything comes with a price，there is no_such_thing_as free lunch in the world.完成句子1In my opinion，the boy was_(与其说受到伤害倒不如说受到惊吓)2She told us _(那样一个有趣的故事以至于) we were all lost in it.单项填空1 I want to use the same tools_used in your factory a few days ago.Aas was Bwhich was Cas were Dwhich2 Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm_few residents had ever experienced before.Aas Bwhich Cand it was Dthat3 The new policy only covers such people_have made great contributions during the war.Awho Bwhom Cwhich Das4 Campers must not approach animals in the wild，_they seem friendly.Aas if Beven though Cnow that Din case5Look at those clouds! Dont worry._it rains，well still have a great time.AEven if BAs though CIn case DIf only1.native adj.本国的；本地的；n.本地人；本国人 be native to.产于It is wellknown that panda is native to China. 众所周知，大熊猫产于中国。2.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中的)后者 the former.the latter.前者后者Mary and Jane are both my friends.The former is a clerk in a bank and the latter teaches English in a middle school. 玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。3.block n街区；栋，幢熟词生义：读句子猜词义Seeing the road blocked with snow，we had to spend the holiday at home，watching TV.(block vt.阻挡)4. more than超过；非常；不只是，不仅是(The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.本商店很乐意为您送货上门。Parents are more than providers for their kids；they are also their first teachers.父母不仅要给孩子们提供吃穿，还是孩子们的启蒙老师。【写作素材】1现在，英语在我们生活中的作用越来越重要。2因为这一点，很多人正在努力学习英语。3我们应充分利用每一次机会来练习英语。4这样我们就能逐渐扩大词汇量。5就能流利地讲英语并最终掌握好英语。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】At present，English is playing a more and more important part in our life，and because of that，many people are trying hard to learn English.We should make full use of every opportunity to practise English，so that we can gradually enrich our vocabulary and speak fluent English and eventually get a good command of English.直接引语和间接引语()根据提示，把下列句子转换成直接引语或间接引语。1“Make good use of your time，” advised Mr Lee.Mr Lee advised us_ _good use of_time.2“Dont look out of the window when you have classes，” our English teacher told us.Our English teacher told us_ _ _out of the window when_classes.3“Would you like to listen to my new CD？” Jim asked.Jim asked me_I would like to_ _ _new CD.4The guide told them not to touch the exhibits in the museum.“_ _the exhibits in the museum，” the guide told them.5The teacher asked the students to stop talking.The teacher said to the students，“_talking.”课时作业(二)Unit 2English around the world第一讲记叙文记叙文是高考完形填空题的常用体裁，作者通过叙述的方式表达对某一特定人物的情感或评价。真题示例(2013新课标卷)I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more_36_the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “_37_a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members，_38_，chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore soundblocking earplugs (耳塞)or blindfolds (眼罩)Just sitting in the wheelchair was a_39_experience.I had never considered before how_40_it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down，my _41_made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not_42_.Then I wondered where to put my_43_.It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into_44_.I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of_45_for several hours. For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary (临时的)_46_.I tried to find a_47_position and thought it might be restful，_48_kind of nice，to be_49_around for a while. Looking around，I_50_I would have to handle the thing myself！My hands started to ache as I_51_the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the_52_of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)_53_task.My wheelchair experiment was soon_54_.It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the_55_，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.36A.curious about Binterested in Caware of Dcareful with37A.cure Bprevent Cadopt Danalyze38A.instead Bstrangely Cas usual Dlike me39A.learning Bworking CsatisfyingDrelaxing40A.convenient Bawkward Cboring Dexciting41A.height Bforce Cskill Dweight42A.locked Brepaired Cpowered Dgrasped43A.hands Bfeet Ckeys Dhandles44A.place Baction Cplay Deffect45A.operation Bcommunication Ctransportation Dproduction46A.exploration Beducation Cexperiment Dentertainment47A.flexible Bsafe Cstarting Dcomfortable48A.yet Bjust Cstill Deven49A.shown Bpushed Cdriven Dguided50A.realized Bsuggested Cagreed Dadmitted51A.lifted Bturned Cpressed Dseized52A.path Bposition Cdirection Dway53A.easy Bheavy Cmajor Dextra54A.forgotten Brepeated Cconducted Dfinished55A.weaknesses Bchallenges Canxieties Dillnesses,文本特点1记叙文一般都有较为完整的六个要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件(经过)、原因、结果。2记叙文叙事方式有所不同，有的记叙文按照时间顺序叙述，最后点破故事的结局，有的记叙文采取倒叙的手法，先点明故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的发生和发展。3记叙文往往有较强的故事趣味性，有情节跌宕起伏和情感细腻变化等特点，信息量很大。作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。技法应用一、4个应试策略1理清文章所用人称本文是以第一人称即从“参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者的态度和情感。使用第三人称的记叙文是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，显得语气比较客观。2了解文章结构形式本文按时间先后顺序安排情节和内容，其优点是条理清楚、层次分明。但是在有些记叙文中作者可能会采用插叙甚至倒叙的写作手法。3知晓记叙文六大要素这篇文章的六个要素为：事件：一次体验残疾人活动使用轮椅的经历；人物：作者，I；时间：One Sunday；地点：wheelchairs；原因：体验残疾人经历；结果：使作者对残疾人在身体和心理上遇到的挑战有更深刻的认识。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。4明确作者写作目的就事论事肯定不是记叙的目的，而是通过叙述阐明一个道理。这篇文章的写作目的在文章的结尾处，即“.A few hours of disability gave me only a taste of the challenges，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.”二、3个解题步骤第一步：速读全文，理清主线，把握主旨本文的主线：我在一次体验残疾人的活动中使用轮椅的经历体验到残疾人生活的艰辛。第二步：逐句推敲，瞻前顾后，顺藤摸瓜(1)逐句推敲，理清联系，找出主题句本文的主题句为：I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more aware of the problems faced by disabled people.(2)瞻前顾后，锁定信息词，比对选项 文中第一段的信息词为：disability。(3)顺藤摸瓜，敲定答案由第一段所提供的信息词可知37空答案，我们体验残疾人的生活方式，故我们被要求采用“残疾人”的方式几个小时，adopt采用，采纳，符合句意。第三步：通读全文，统筹兼顾，重点击破带着已选答案，迅速通读全文，着眼一个“通”字，保证语义通顺，逻辑顺畅，符合作者情感历程轨迹；否则，不通则变，重点击破，重新考虑所选选项。语篇解读本文为夹叙夹议文，题材为个人生活经历。文章通过讲述“我”在一次体验残疾人活动中使用轮椅的经历，说明了残疾人生活的艰辛。36解析：根据下文对活动的描述，可以看出活动的目的是让参加者更多的了解和感受残疾人所面临的问题，故选C项。A.对好奇；B.对感兴趣；C.意识到，了解；D.对小心。37解析：根据下文参加者有的坐轮椅，有的戴隔音耳塞，有的戴眼罩，可知活动的目的是让参加者体验残疾人的生活，再结合下文“adopting a wheelchair”可确定答案为C项。cure治愈；prevent阻止，防止；adopt采纳，采用，收养；analyze分析。38解析：根据下文可知“我”参加了使用轮椅的体验活动，故选D项。instead代替；strangely奇怪地；as usual像往常一样。39解析：根据下文“我”在使用轮椅的时候面临的种种不适应可判断，对我而言坐轮椅是一个学习的过程，故选A项。satisfying令人满意的；relaxing放松的。40解析：句意为：以前“我”从未考虑过坐轮椅会显得“我”那么笨拙。convenient方便的，便利的；awkward笨拙的；boring烦人的；exciting令人兴奋的。答案：B41解析：根据生活常识可知在四个选项中只有D项符合要求。42解析：根据上文轮椅开始移动，可判断轮椅的车轮没有被锁住，故选A项。lock锁；repair修理，维修；power驱动；grasp抓住，领会，掌握。43解析：根据下文的关键词footrest可确定答案。key钥匙；handle柄，把手。答案：B44解析：“我”不知道在哪儿放脚。“我”花了好长时间才把搁脚凳放在恰当的位置。action行动；effect效果，结果。答案：A45解析：根据下文可知对“我”而言在体验活动中轮椅就是“我”唯一的交通工具，故选C项。operation操作，经营，运转，手术；communication交流，交际；transportation交通；production生产。46解析：句意为：对于残疾人而言，“使用轮椅”不是临时的实验。最后一段中“my wheelchair experiment”是一个重要的提示。exploration探索，探究；education教育；experiment实验；entertainment娱乐，招待。答案：C47解析：根据下文restful和nice的提示可判断“我”想在坐轮椅时寻找一个舒服的位置。flexible灵活的，有弹性的；safe安全的；comfortable舒服的，舒适的。 答案：D48解析：restful和nice在程度上是递进关系，故选D项。yet还；just刚刚，仅仅，正好；still仍然；even甚至。49解析根据下文“I would have to handle the thing myself”可知“我”原打算让人推着转一会儿，故选B项。50解析：句意为：环顾四周，“我”意识到“我”将不得不自己做这件事！realize意识到；suggest表明，暗示，建议；agree同意；admit承认，容纳，允许进入。答案：A51解析：根据生活常识可知“我”应该用手转动轮椅的轮子，故选B项。lift举起，抬起；turn转动；press压，挤，榨；seize抓住。52解析：句意为：我开始明白控制轮椅的方向将不是一件容易的事。path小路，小径；position位置，地位；direction方向；way道路，方式。此题可使用排除法， C项符合题意。53解析：根据上文“我”在使用轮椅中遇到的种种困难可确定答案。easy容易的；heavy重的，沉重的；major主要的；extra