现在分词作状语ppt课件.ppt

RevisionofingparticipleasAdverbial,II.-ing分词作状语（Adverbial)的要点：分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致。分词短语作状语时，有时前面可带一个连词，表示强调或出于表达需要，常用的连词有：when,while,if,(al)though,whether,or,unless,asif/though等。,1伴随状语（Adverbialofattendingcircumstances）,Theycamein,singingandlaughing.,2时间状语（Adverbialoftime）,Havingfinishedthehomework/Afterfinishingthehomework,heturnedontheTV.,When/Whileclimbingthemountain,hebrokehisglasses.,方式状语（Adverbialofway）,Hecamerunningintotheclassroom.,I-ingparticiple作状语时的形式：,一般式,完成式,完成进行式,主动语态,被动语态,doing,beingdone,havingdone,havingbeendone,havingbeendoing,1,4.原因状语（Adverbialofcause）,Havingfailedtwice,hedidntwanttotryagain.,5.条件状语(Adverbialofcondition),Turningtotheright,youwillfindapath.,6.结果状语（Adverbialofresult）,Hedidhishomeworkcarelessly,makingalotofmistakes.(自然的或必然的结果),区别：Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.(意想不到的结果),7.让步状语（Adverbialofconcession）,(Though)workingashardashecould,hecouldnotpasstheexam.,IingParticiple作定语的形式：,（单个分词做定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词前）：,doing,*Theswimmingboyismybrother.,TheingParticipleasAttributive,1前置,2,注意：有些分词已经形容词化。,试区别：,moving感人的inspiring鼓舞人心的disappointing令人失望的moved受感动的inspired受鼓舞的disappointed感到失望的,afrighteningvoiceafrightenedvoice,记一记：,English-speakingcountries,apaper-makingmachine,spokenEnglish,（分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词后）：,doing,beingdone,*ThechildrenplayingoutsideareinClassTwo.,*Tea,beingauniversaldrinkinmanycountries,isstillcarefullyprepared.,*Mostofthepeopleworkinginthefactoryareyoungpeople.,*Thetelevisionbeingrepairednowwasboughttenyearsago.,2后置,令人害怕的语调,从语调中听出说话人感到害怕,3,II-ing分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系：,1.ing分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。,*经常性、习惯性的动作：,*正在发生的动作：,Themanrunningoverthereisourchairman.,=Themanwhoisrunningoverthereisourchairman.,*Whereistheoldwomansellingeggs?,=Whereistheoldwomanwhosellseggs?,2.如果一个分词既要表达进行意义，又要表达被动意义，则用-ing的被动式:,Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant.,=Thequestionthatisbeingdiscussedisimportant.,beingdone,4,3.如果分词要表示动作是主动的，又在谓语动作之前发生，则要用定语从句表示。,*Themancomingyesterdaycomesagain.,(),*Themanhavingcomeyesterdaycomesagain.,(),*Themanwhocameyesterdaycomesagain.,(),*Thestudents（参加会议的）willarriveheretomorrow.,4.要表示定语的动作在谓语动作之后发生,则要用不定式或定语从句表示将要发生的动作。,a.如果定语既要表示尚未发生的/将来的动作又要表示被动意义,则用不定式的被动式：,tobedone,Youarewelcometothepartytobegiveninourclass.,b.不定式作定语时，与修饰词一般有逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系：,Ihavealotofwordstosay.,(完成式havingdone/havingbeendone不可做限制定语),toattendthemeeting(whowillattendthemeeting),5,5.现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作正在进行或经常发生；,thesleepingdog,thesleepingbag,(thedogthatissleeping),(thebagforsleeping),动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途。,6.过去分词（done）作定语表示与被修饰词是被动关系，分词的动作已完成，但并不强调先于谓语动作。,切记不可误写作：havingbeendone,Icantfindmylostpen.,=Icantfindmypenwhichislost.,归纳：三种非谓语动词作定语的区别：,与被修饰词：主动/被动关系动作特点：正在进行