高中英语(m4)教学资料-m4unit2word

WordsandExpressions,against/with与作斗争1)strugglefor为而努力/而斗争todo努力做某事1.Hehasbeenstrugglingagainstillnessformanyyears.2.Shehasbeenstrugglingforsuccessinherbusiness.=Shehasbeenstruggling_inherbusiness.,tosucceed,2.hungryadjhungern.(angryanger)dieofhungerhungerfor/todo渴望3.circulateknowledge传播知识Bloodcirculatesinthebody.循环,2)thanksto1.Everyoneknowsaboutitnow,thankstoyou.2.Thankstothebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.=_thebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.=_thebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.=_thebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.=_thebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.=_thebadweather,wehadaterriblepicnic.,Becauseof,Asaresultof,Owingto,Dueto,Onaccountof,3.Thanksforlendingmethemoney.Manythankstoyou.,ridv.(rid;rid;ridding)ridofbe/getridofWemustridourroomofrats.Heshouldridhimselfofthesmokinghabit.Iamridofdebtnow.Shehasntgottenridofherbadcold.,satisfyv.satisfyingsatisfiedadj.satisfactionn.1.Thenewdresssatisfiedher.=She_thenewdress.2.Hewassatisfiedtowinthegame.3.Tomy_,hefinallygotridofthebadhabit.令某人满意的是toones(great)satisfaction=(much)toonessatisfaction4.Thisfilmwasfarfrom_.远非令人满意5.satisfyonesneeds满足需求,wassatisfiedwith,satisfaction,satisfactory,6)wouldratherHewouldratherdieofhungerthansteal.Hewoulddieofhungerratherthansteal.Iwouldrathernottellyouthetruth.Iwouldrather(that)youhadcomehereyesterday.Iwouldratheryoudrove,OK?Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.wouldrather跟that从句时，用虚拟，用一般过去时表现在或将来，用过去完成时表过去,thereforeadv.1.Hewasseriouslyinjuredandthereforehewassenttoahospital.=Hewasseriouslyinjuredand_hewassenttoahospital.=Hewasseriouslyinjured_hewassenttoahospital.,thus,so,equipAwithB=AbeequippedwithBbeequippedfor准备好1.Theywillhavetoequiptheirofficewithnewcomputers.=Theirofficewillhavetobeequippedwithnewcomputers.3.Theywerefully/poorly/wellequippedfortheclimb.4.apieceofequipment一件设备piecesofequipment/U/,confuseconfuseAwithB将A与B混淆Theinstructionsontheboxarevery_.Hewasdepressedandina_stateofmind.Iam_-saythatallagain.,confusing,confused,confused,sth.regretdoingsth.后悔做tosay(tellyou/informyou)that-clauseWeregrethisretirement.Iregrettellinghimthetruth.Iregrettosay(tellyou/informyou)thatIcannothelpyou.,regrettedregretted,regret,regretn.toonesregret令某人感到遗憾的是withregret遗憾地Weheardwith(great)regretthatyouarenotsuccessfulinyourplan.,11)buildup1.Youaretooweak,soyouneedmoreexercisetobuildyouup.buildoneself/sb.up使自己或某人强壮2.Allthepressurebuiltupandhewasoffworkforweekswithstress.变得更大、更多或更强3.Shehasbuiltupasuccessfulbusiness.逐步建立、获得、发展buildupafinereputation,12)leadto1.Eatingtoomuchcanleadtohealthproblems.=Eatingtoomuchcan_healthproblems.=Eatingtoomuchcan_healthproblems.=Eatingtoomuchcan_healthproblems.=Eatingtoomuchcan_healthproblems.=Healthproblemscan_eatingtoomuch.2.AllroadsleadtoRome.,resultin,cause,bringabout,accountfor,resultfrom,13)focusonfocusonThediscussionfocusedonthreemainproblems.Wemustfocusattentiononthemainproblems.（payattentionto),reduceincreaseTheroadsignsays“Reducespeednow.”Costshavebeenreduced_20%overthepastyear.Theshirtwasreduced_10inthesale.Thenumberofemployeeswasreduced_40_25.,by,to,from,to,15)keepfrom阻止befreefrom/of免受影响keepfreefrom/of.使.免受影响1.Wemustkeeptheriverfrombeingpolluted.2.GandhifoughtforhiscountrytobefreefromtheUKinapeacefulway.3.Eatingwellandgoodexercisekeepyoufreeofcold.,16)comment(on/about)1.IdontfeelIcancommentontheirdecision.2.Shemadehelpfulcommentsonmystudy.makecommentsonsth对加以评价3.-Willyouresign,sir?-Nocomment.,无可奉告,Part2Warmingup1)Doyouknowthesaying“FoodisGodforthepeople”?Whatdoyouknowaboutfarming?,Whatdoyouknowaboutfarming?Farmingisveryimportantforeveryoneintheworld.Goodfarmingmeansagoodharvest,thatis,wewillhaveenough_toeat.Otherwise,manypeoplewillgohungryandevendieof_.Farmingisahard-workingjob,especiallyin_countries.Farminghassomethingto_withweather,seeds,fertilizer,machines,technologyandsoon.,food,huger,developing,do,Theredifferentkindsof_ontheearth,suchasrice,wheat,corn,potato,andsweetPotato.Theyare_foodsforpeople.Everyoneeatsa“staplemain)food.Peopleindifferentcountrieseatdifferentstaplefoods.England,CanadaandUSAthestaplefoodsare_and_.Incountries_China,Italy,IndiaandJapanmanypeoplealsoeat_andpasta(意大利面)ButincountrieslikeSouthAmericaandCentralAmerica_isthestaplefood.,crop,basic,potatoes,bread,like,rice,corn,Part3ReadingAPioneerforallpeopleUsetheinformationinthetexttocompletethefollowingnotesaboutYuanLongping.Name:YuanLongpingNationality:ChineseAge:78Occupation(职业):scientist/farmerEducation:graduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953,Dream:toexporthishybridricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.Achievement:in1974,developedhybridricewhichproducesonethirdmorethannormalrice.Hobbies:listeningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading,Part3ImportantexpressionsandsentencepatternsWarmingup(P9)havebeentohavegonetobe/comefromafarmersfamilyifsoifnottrytodotrydoing,2)Pre-reading(P9)1.gotobedhungrygotobed3)Reading(P10)considersth./doingsth.consider=that-clause,tobe+n./adj.consider+n.n./adj.as+n./adj.WeconsiderBeijingtobetheheartofourcountry.WeconsiderBeijingtheheartofourcountry.WeconsiderBeijingastheheartofourcountry.,workthelandDrYuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.onethirdmoreofthecropinthesamefieldsbeborninto/inapoorfarmersfamilyasayoungman=whenhewasyoung,arefedfrom(just7%ofthefarmlandinChina)feedsb.fromfeedsb.sth.feedsb.with/onsth.feedsth.tosb.Shefeedsherbabyformula(配方)milk.Shefeedsherbabywith/onformula(配方)milk.Shefeedsformula(配方)milktoherbaby.,manyotherlessdevelopedcountriesthankstoridoffarmersareproducingharvesttwiceaslargeasbeforebesatisfiedwitheachgrainofrice,14.withthehopeofinthehopeofinhopesofShelivedinthehopeofseeingoneofhersonssucceed.15.careaboutcarefor,(P14)overthepasthalfcenturylong-termusecausedamageto=dodamageto=damagebuildup(堆积)leadto,21.withthesediscoveries=becauseofWithyourchildrenaway,youmusthavealotoffreetime.22.focuson23.befreeof/fromkeepfreefrom/ofItwasseveralweeksbeforehewasfreeofpain.Beforelongthedoctorkepthimfreefrompain.,everyfewyearspreventfromavoiddoing,Part4TheingformasthesubjectandobjectI.谓语动词1.WelearnEnglisheveryday.(一般现在时)2.WearelearningEnglishnow.(现在进行时)3.WehavelearnedEnglishforfouryears.(现在完成时)4.Englishisspokeninmanycountriesintheworld.(一般现在时的被动语态),II.非谓语动词的形式1.todo(不定式)2.doing(动名词/现在分词=theingform)3.done(过去分),III.非谓语动词的作用1.LearningEnglishisveryimportant.(作主语)2.WelikelearningEnglish.(作宾语)3.WeliketolearnEnglish.(作宾语)4.TheEnglishspokenintheUKisslightlydifferentfromthatspokenintheUSA.(作定语:后置)5.Thisisadisturbingproblem.(作定语:前置),Theproblemisdisturbing.(作表语)Weconsidertheproblemdisturbing.(作宾补)7.Hesatathisdesk,readinganewspaper.(作状语),IV.非谓语动词具有动词的特征WearelearningEnglish.LeaningEnglishisimportant.（带宾语）Thistheoryiswidelyaccepted.Thisisawidelyacceptedtheory.（带状语）Heregrettedthathehadprovidedherwiththeinformation.Heregrettedhavingprovidedherwiththeinformation.（时态变化）(可以带宾语或状语，有时态或语态变化）,Hewasinvitedtothepartyyesterdayevening.Yesterdayeveninghewenttothepartywithoutbeinginvited.(被动语态的-ing形式),主语1.谓语动词谓语(有时态、语态或语气的变化)宾语宾补定语状语主语宾语2.非谓语动词宾补(有时态或语态的变化)定语状语,todo:主动；发生经常将来Weoftenhearhimsingthissong.Weheardhimsingthissonglastnight.Wewillgoandhearhimsingatthepartytomorrowevening.doing:主动；进行Helikeswalkinginthesnow.Theystoodunderatree,waitingforthebus.,done:被动；完成Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltinthe1980s.Thecupisbroken.Pleasekeepusinformedofthelatestnews.,V.动词ing的用法作主语1.Noddingtheheadmeansagreement.2.Itisnouseaskinghertohelp.Shealwaysfindsanexcusenotto.3.Itisworthreadingthebook.4.Thereisnopoint(in)tryingitagain.5.Itsawasteoftimetryingitagain.,作宾语Ilikeswimming.Whentheteachercamein,westoppedtalkingatonce.Hehasgivenupsmoking.Theyhavegotusedtolivinginthecountryside.Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbyetous.,VI动词ing的时态和语态1.一般式:主动:doing被动:beingdoneLearningEnglishisveryusefultous.IstillrememberbeingtakentoHangzhouattheageofsix.,2.完成式:主动:havingdone被动:havingbeendoneHeregrettedhavingbeencareless.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldoesntrememberit.,动词-ing的否定形式1.Thechildmadehermotherangrybynottakingmedicine.2.Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou.,动词-ing的复合结构my/me+doingthestudents/thestudent+doing1.Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?(Wouldyoumindopening?)2.WouldyoumindToms/Tomcleaningthefloor?3.Hisbeinglatemadetheteacherangry.4.Thestudentsbeinglatemadetheteacherangry.,VIII.1)v.+doingIveenjoyed_(talk)withyou,butImustbegoingnow.Icantstand_(listen)toheavymetalmusic.avoid,advise,excuse,mind,consider,su