汉译英中的逻辑关系处理PPT课件

-,汉译英中的逻辑关系处理,-,提纲,I.两种语言的差异II.应对策略III.总结,-,I.两种语言的差异,句子结构动词形式表达习惯,-,-,原文：推进义务教育均衡发展，/加快课程体系改革和招生考试制度改革，切实减轻中小学生过重课业负担，/不断加强教师队伍、特别是郊区中小学教师队伍建设，提高基础教育整体水平。初译:Moresupportwillbegiventoeducationinex-urbanareastopromotebalanceddevelopmentofcompulsoryeducation./Wewillpushforcurriculumandexamination-basedenrollmentandreducetheexcessiveworkloadofprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents./Wewillcontinuouslyimprovethecompetenceofteachersandupgradetheoveralllevelofprimaryeducation.,-,原文：推进义务教育均衡发展，加快课程体系改革和招生考试制度改革，切实减轻中小学生过重课业负担，不断加强教师队伍、特别是郊区中小学教师队伍建设，提高基础教育整体水平。终译:Toimprovetheoverallqualityofbasiceducation,wewilltakevariousmeasures,suchaspromotingthebalanceddevelopmentofcompulsoryeducation,acceleratingreformsofcurriculaandentranceexaminations,reducingtheexcessiveworkloadsprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsface,aswellasimprovingtheskillsofteachers,especiallythoseinprimaryandsecondaryschoolsinex-urbanareas.,-,II.应对策略,-,A.分析句子逻辑关系,-,分析逻辑关系原文：全市社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院进行了标准化建设，一大批公立医院得到了改建和扩建，/公共卫生应急处置和医疗服务能力明显增强。初译:Wegreatlystrengthenedourabilitytohandlepublichealthemergenciesanddeliverhealthcare/byupgradingcommunityhealthservicecentersandtown/townshipclinicstomeetdefinedstandards,aswellasbyrenovatingandexpandingalargenumberofpublichospitals.,-,分析逻辑关系原文：全市社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院进行了标准化建设，/一大批公立医院得到了改建和扩建，/公共卫生应急处置和医疗服务能力明显增强。终译:Weupgradedcommunityhealthservicecentersandtown/townshipclinicstomeetdefinedstandards,/renovatedandexpandedalargenumberofpublichospitals,/andimprovedourcapacitytohandlepublichealthemergenciesanddeliverhealthcare.,-,原文：保持速度与结构、质量、效益相统一初译：alignspeedwithstructure,qualityandefficiency,分析逻辑关系,-,分析逻辑关系原文：保持速度与结构、质量、效益相统一终译：maintainmomentumwhilepursuingstructuraloptimization,qualityandefficiencyatthesametime,-,B.搭建句子结构,调整句序变换动词形式添加,-,调整句序原文：完善新型农村合作医疗制度，加大政府投入力度，建立逐年递增的筹资机制，/进一步提高农民医疗保障水平。初译：Thegovernmentwillestablishafundingsystemtoincreaseitsinputyearonyearindevelopingthenewruralcooperativemedicalsystem/andmakeitaneffectivevehicletoenhancehealthcareforfarmers.,-,调整句序原文：完善新型农村合作医疗制度，加大政府投入力度，建立逐年递增的筹资机制，进一步提高农民医疗保障水平。终译:Thegovernmentiscommittedtoprovidingbetterhealthcaretofarmersbyrefiningtheruralcooperativemedicalsystemandincreasingitsinputsthroughafundingmechanismallowingforannualincrements.,-,调整句序原文：健全法律法规、强化技术支撑、加强政策引导、明确管理职责、广泛宣传教育，/切实抓好节地节能节水节材，提高资源综合利用效率。初译：Wemustimproverelevantlawsandregulations,giveabiggerroletotechnologies,/soastomakesubstantialachievementsintheconservationofandenhancetheefficiencyofintegratedresourcesconsumption.,-,调整句序原文：健全法律法规、强化技术支撑、加强政策引导、明确管理职责、广泛宣传教育，切实抓好节地节能节水节材，提高资源综合利用效率。终译:Inordertoattaintangibleresultsintheconservationofland,energy,waterandrawmaterialsandenhancetheefficiencyofresourceutilization,/wemustimproverelevantlawsandregulations,andlaunchanextensivepublicawarenesscampaign.,-,调整句序原文：推进工业、交通、建筑和民用节能，/对消耗高、污染重、技术落后的工艺和产品实施强制性淘汰制度，/新建建筑严格实施节能50%的设计标准，强化能源需求侧管理。/加强风能、太阳能等新能源开发利用。初译：Inordertostepupoureffortsofenergyconservation/wemustimposeclose-downordersupon./Wemustalsostrengthenthemanagementoverthesideofenergydemandbyforcefullyapplyingthenewrule/Inaddition,thedevelopmentanduseofnewenergies.,-,调整句序原文：推进工业、交通、建筑和民用节能，对消耗高、污染重、技术落后的工艺和产品实施强制性淘汰制度，新建建筑严格实施节能50%的设计标准，强化能源需求侧管理。加强风能、太阳能等新能源开发利用。终译：Besidesdevelopingalternativeenergysources,wemustimplementdemand-sidemanagementtoreduceenergyconsumptionfor.Measuresinthisregardmustincludephasingoutandenforcinggreendesignstandards,-,2.变换动词形式,现在分词过去分词,-,现在分词,原文：落实上海实施科教兴市战略行动纲要，/科技创新力度明显加大，创新环境进一步优化。初译:EffectivemeasuresweretakentoimplementShanghaisPlanofActionforRevitalizingtheCitythroughScienceandEducation./Morescientificandtechnologicalinnovationsweremadeandtheenvironmentforinnovationwasimproved.,-,现在分词原文：落实上海实施科教兴市战略行动纲要，科技创新力度明显加大，创新环境进一步优化。终译:WeimplementedShanghaisPlanofActionforRevitalizingtheCitythroughScienceandEducation,bolsteringtheinnovationenvironmentandmakinglocaltechnologicalinnovationsignificantlymoredynamic.,-,过去分词,原文：错误和挫折教训了我们，使我们比较地聪明起来了，我们的事情就办得比较好一些。（毛泽东选集四卷，1417页）1译文：Taughtbymistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandleouraffairsbetter.1引自汉英翻译教程P155,-,3.添加,逻辑关系概括性标点符号,-,逻辑-目的关系,原文：以企业为主导,以项目为载体,/以产业化导向,加强政策引导,/推动产学研紧密结合。初译：Drivenbybusinessesthemselvesandprojects,/guidedbyvariouspoliciestowardsindustrialization,/theindustry,academiaandresearchcommunitycouldformanalliance.,-,逻辑-目的关系,原文：以企业为主导,以项目为载体,以产业化导向,加强政策引导,推动产学研紧密结合。终译：Wemustusestrongerpolicyincentivestoencourageenterprisestotaketheleadinengaginguniversitiesandtheresearchcommunityincollaborativeresearchprojects,soastobringresearchresultstothemarketfaster.,-,逻辑-并列关系,原文：（产业布局进一步优化，）中心城区服务业规模不断扩大，2005年第三产业增加值比重预计达到75%；/郊区先进制造业集聚发展。初译：Specificallyspeaking,theserviceindustryexperiencedon-goingexpansioninthecityproperwhichdrovetheshareofthetertiarysectorinthecitysaddedvalueuptoalmost75%./,theex-urbanareashasbecomeanimportantbaseofmanufacturingindustry.,-,逻辑-并列关系,原文：（产业布局进一步优化，）中心城区服务业规模不断扩大，2005年第三产业增加值比重预计达到75%；郊区先进制造业集聚发展。终译：Ontheonehand,thecityproperhasseenitsservicesectorgrowinsize,nowaccountingfor75%ofitseconomicgrowth.Ontheotherhand,Shanghaisex-urbanareasareattractingandspawningmoreandmoremanufacturingbusinesses.,-,逻辑-因果关系,原文：消费需求逐步扩大，投资和出口结构继续优化，/保持了投资、消费、出口共同拉动经济增长的格局。初译：Wegraduallyexpandedtheconsumptiondemandandcontinuedtooptimizetheinvestmentstructureandexportmix/sothatoureconomywasdriventogetherbyinvestment,consumptionandexport.,-,逻辑-因果关系,原文：消费需求逐步扩大，投资和出口结构继续优化，/保持了投资、消费、出口共同拉动经济增长的格局。终译：Consumptiondemandhasbeengrowingsteadilyandthestructureofinvestmentandexportsis