高三英语状语从句考点专题复习.ppt

从句（SubordinateClause）是复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、which等引导词引导的非主句部分。,从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，是一个特殊句子，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。根据从句语法功能的不同可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句（名词性）、定语从句（形容词性）和状语从句（状语性质）6类。,主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,名词性从句,Whatweneedistime.,Thequestioniswhenwecanarriveatthehotel.,Idontthinkyouareright,Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。,Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.,状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。,状语,1.副词一般在句子中做状语HespeaksEnglishverywell.他英语说得非常好.Heisplayingunderthetree.中的underthetree是地点状语.2.不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。Icomespeciallytoseeyou.我专门来看你.3.介词短语Tenyearsago,ShebegantoliveinDalian.Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.,4.从句作状语Whenshewas12yearsold,shebegantoliveinDalian.IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.5.分词作状语Havinghadaquarrelwithhiswife,helefthomeinabadtemper。Inhibitedinonedirection,itnowseemsthattheMississippiisabouttotakeanother.,状语从句（AdverbialClause），在复合句中作状语的从句，叫做状语从句。句子用作状语时，起副词作用。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。,AdverbialClauses,时间-when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till,once,assoonas/themoment/immediately一就each/everytime,bythetime,地点-where,anywhere,everywhere,原因-because,since,as,nowthat(既然),条件-if,unless,suppose（假设）,incase（以防）,so(as)longas（只要）,onconditionthat（条件是）,让步-(al)though,as,evenif,eventhough,nomatter/ever,目的-sothat,inorderthat,结果-sothat,sothat,suchthat,方式-as,asif/asthough（好像）,比较-than,asas/The,the.,时间状语从句常用连词：_:when,while,as,_:since_:before_:till,until,notuntil_:assoonas,immediately,themoment,theminute,directly,instantly,_:nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen_:each/everytime,nexttime,直到,当的时候,自从以来,还没就,一就,在之前,刚就,每次,下次,必须用when的情况,Wewereabouttogooutwhentheteachercamein.我们正要出去，突然老师进来了。Weweredoingourhomeworkwhentheteachercamein.我们正在写作业时，突然老师进来了。,beabouttodosth.whenbedoingsth.when,1.when,while,as,1.当时Whilehewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.（时间状语从句）=Whilewalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.（现在分词作状语）=Walkinginthestreet,hemetTom.（省略while）,2.然而（表对比）Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.,必须用while的情况,3.虽然但是(表让步)Whilevolleyballishermainfocus,shesalsogreatatbasketball.,Asthesunrose,thefogdispersed.Astimesgoes,itsgettingcolder.,经常用as的情况,强调主从句动作同时发生有“随着”或“一边一边”的意思,_Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore._Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch._hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.Iwaswanderingthroughthestreet_Icaughtsightofatailorsshop.,While/When/As,When,when,when,As,Exercise,1）“还未就;不到就;”Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.我们航行了4天4夜才看到陆地.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸.,2.before,since,I.before,2）从句中谓语不用否定式Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.他们还没到火车站，火车已开走了。3）Itwillbe+一段时间+before多久之后才ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.还得呆半年我才能回来.Itwontbelongbeforewemeetagain.没多长时间我们就会见面了.,2.before,since,1）从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作.Since从句的时态若是一般过去时,从句时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时.IhavewrittenhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.自从我来到这儿,我给家写了四封信.Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.她离开学校以来就在这个工厂工作。,II.since,2.before,since,2）Itis+一段时间+since从句时间从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起.Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.自战争爆发以来有三年了.ItisthreeyearssinceIstoppedsmokingacigar我不吸烟有三年了.ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.,我吸烟有三年了.,2.before,since,1.TheresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime_wemeetthemagain.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when2.Wehaveneverseenheragain_shewenttoworkinanothercity.A.whenB.asC.sinceD.while3.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths_hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that,Exercise,Until比till更正式Until可以放句首,till不可以,Iwontleaveuntil/tillhecomesback.Iwillstayheruntil/tillhecomesback.Untilhecomesback,Iwontgo.,Itwas_thatIleft.Notuntil_.,notuntilhecameback,hecomesbackwillIleave,3.till,until,notunitl,4.assoonas,immediately,themoment,theminute,directly,theinstant,instantly,nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen,Assoonasheenteredtheclassroom,thebellrang.,Hehad_whenthebellrang.Hehad_thanthebellrang.,hardlyenteredtheroom,nosoonerenteredtheroom,Hardly/Scarely_whenthebellrang.,hadheenteredtheroom,5.each/everytime,nexttime,thefirst/lasttime,anytime,allthetime,bythetime,EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.Besuretocallmenexttimeyoucomehere.HewasillthelasttimeIvisitedhim.BythetimeIgraduatefromthisschool,Iwillhavebeenhereforthreeyears.,Summary,1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice_Ipickedupthephone.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?whenB.untilC.beforeD.since,Exercise,3._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.whyB.whereC.whenD.while5.Hardly_intothevillage_itbegantorain.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than,Exercise,Practice,1.Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?-_1999.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since2.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_FatherwasawayinFrance.A.asB.thatC.duringD.if3.-Iamgoingtothepostoffice.-_Yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If4.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before,D,A,B,D,5.DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once6.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislistenerscuriosity_hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until7.Generallyspeaking,_accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,B,D,B,8.Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?Yes.Hehasneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when9.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as10.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when11.Itwasevening_wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before,C,C,C,D,12._modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.If13.Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before14.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever,A,A,B,15.Severalweekshadgoneby_Irealizedthepainting,wasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when16.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.once17.Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when18.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because,B,A,B,A,20.DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?Yes.Itwasnotyeteightoclock_hearrivedhome.A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until21.-Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe_Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?-Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before22.Youcanthavethisfootballback_youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,theoldmansaidfirmly.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until,B,D,D,Test,1.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel_Iheardthesteps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after2.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since3.-Whydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?-Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after,4.ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime_wemeetthemagain.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when5.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths_hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that6.Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife_weveactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when,7、Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometime_Briangetback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after8、AreyoureadyforSpain?-Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat_theyareyoung.A.whileB.untilC.ifD.before9、Iusedtolovethatfilm_Iwasachild,butIdontfeelitthatwayanymore.A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although10、10、Jerryrushedhome_heheardthenew,only_thathiswifewasgone.A.assoonas;findingB.immediately;tofindC.themoment;findD.when;found(10黑龙江),2.地点状语从句,地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。,e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Youcanputthebookwhereveryouwantto.,Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark_themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich2.Ifyouaretravelling_thecustomsaretotallydifferentfromyourown,youmayfeelaculturalshock.A.intheplaceB.whichC.inwhichD.where,3.原因状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,since,as,for,nowthat及considering等。,e.g.Hedidntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.,c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidntcometoschool.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。,JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,_thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where2.Somepeoplebelievethat_oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.A./B.thoughC.forD.since,4.条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。,条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。,e.g.a.WellcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.,b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.,1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_ourcardoesntbreakdownontheroad.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless,3._youhavetriedit,youcantimaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When4.Theofficialsoonrealizedthat,_,thingswouldgetworse.unlessdealtwithproperlyifnotproperlydealingwithitunlessproperlydealtwithifdealtnotproperlywith,5.让步状语从句,在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,nomatterwho/,however等。,由wh-词+ever构成的连接代词或连接副词也可以引导让步状语从句。,让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。,e.g.a.Iwillgo,whateverhemaysay.b.Theirtent,though(itwas)lightasafeather,remainedfirm.,c.Though/Althoughhewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldbutheworkedhard.,注意一个典型的中国错误：though/although切不可与but连用。,_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,_theexpenseshaverisen.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough,3._,heknowsmorethanotherchildrenofhisage.A.HoweveryoungchildheisB.ChildasheisC.NomatterhowyoungchildisD.Whatayoungchildheis4.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch_.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts,5._wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.FornowB.NowthatC.BynowD.until6._,theideaofhavingtoworkunderawomandefeatedhim.WantingthejobverymuchAlthoughwantingthejobbadlyThoughhewantedthejobverymuchHewantedthejobbadly,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的连词:,inorderthat,用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。,sothat,a.较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词，否则,就成为下一种句型：,b.无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。,forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。,e.g.a.Wellsitnearerthefrontsowecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.,注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo或inordertodo,e.g.Heranfastsothathemightarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,7.结果状语从句,结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,sothat,suchthat;sothat等引导。,e.g.a.SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldntcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.c.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.,8.方式状语从句,描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导：as,justas,asif,asthough,accordingto等。,e.g.a.WemustdoasthePartytellsus.b.Leavethethingsastheyare.c.Mostplantsneedsunlightjustastheyneedwater.d.Itsoundsasifitisraining.,9.比较状语从句,比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：asas,notso/asas,morethan,lessthan,themore+adj./adv.,themore+adj./adv.,e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.,Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivethroughwinter.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as2.Ifthingsareleft_theyare,theproblemswillneverbesettled,Imafraid.howB.asC.whatD.where,3.Carefulsurveyshavepointedoutthatasmanyas50percentofthepatientsdonottakedrugs_directed.likeB.soC.whichD.as4.Idarenotgothere_myparentswillseeme.incaseofB.forfearofC.inorderthatD.forfearthat,误区警示,Translation:,1.一旦你掌握了这种方法，你就会觉得很有用场。2.他做完了家庭作业后，出去玩了。3.在有问题的地方作个记号。4.武汉位于长江和汉江交汇处。5.因为我喜欢，所以我把这事给做了。6.既然大家都在这儿，那我们一起讨论一下，然后作个决定。,Onceyoumasterthismethod,youllfinditsquiteuseful.,Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplay.,Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.,WuhanlieswheretheYangtzeRiverandtheHanRivermeet.,IdoitbecauseIlikeit.,Nowthateveryoneishere,letshaveadiscussionandthenmakeadecision.,7.只要我们不灰心，我们会找出解决困难的办法来的。8.如果天气允许的话，我就会去那儿。9.虽然我们缺少人手，但我们会想法按时完成工作的。10.他虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。11.无论有多远，今晚我都会开车去那儿的。,Aslongaswedontloseheart,wellfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.,Ifweatherpermits,Iwillgothere.,Welltrytofinishtheworkintimethough/althoughwereshortofmanpower.,Childasheis,heknowsalot.,Howeverfaritis,Iintendtodrivetheretonight.,12.让我们坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更清楚些。13.最好多带些衣服，以防天气转冷。14.为了赶上早班车，他起了个大早。15.他起了个大早，结果赶上了早班车。16.我们匆匆忙忙地离开，忘了锁门。17.他反应那么快，没人能和他相比。,Letstakethefrontseatssothatwecanseemoreclearly.,Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatherturnscold.,Hegotupveryearlysothat/inorderthathemight/couldcatchtheearlybus.,Hegotupveryearlysothathecaughttheearlybus.,Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.,Hereactssoquickly(that)noonecanmatchhim.,18.你必须按照我说的去做。19.他的表现好像什么都没发生。20.他回答得和他姐姐一样快。21.他比他姐姐快。22.你练得越多，你就会更好。,YoumustdoasItellyouto.,Heactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.,Heanswersasquicklyashissister(does).,Heisquickerthanhissister(is).,Themoreyoupractise,thebetteryouwillget/be.,Multiplechoice.,1._,Iwenttotherailwaystationtoseemyfriendoff.(1991)A.AftereatingquicklymydinnerB.AftermyquicklyeatingdinnerC.AftereatingmydinnerquicklyD.Aftereatingmyquicklydinner2.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,_.A.hisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread(1991),C,A,3.Youwillbelateyouleaveimmediately.(1992)A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.Or4.-Whatwasthepartylike?(1993)-Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since5.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially_FatherwasawayinFrance.(1994)A.asB.thatC.duringD.if6.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.(1995)A.whenB.whereC.whichD.while,A,D,A,D,7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.(1995)A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken8.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_greatitis.(1995)A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever9.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.(1996)A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when,C,C,B,10.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwassetup_therehadoncebeenatheatre.(1997)A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when11.Whydoyouwantanewjob_youvegotsuchagoodonealready?(1998)A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when12.-Imgoingtothepostoffice.-_yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If(1999),B,D,B,13._youvegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.(1999)A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas14.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_youcanfindthemagain.(1999)A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there15.Wellhavetofinishthejob,_.(1999)A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes,A,B,D,16.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.(2000)A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough17.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis_itisascience.(2001)A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchD.asmuchanartas18.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when(2001),C,D,C,状语从句是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语，表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的等等。状语从句是历年高考题的重点、难点。命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况，根据两个句子的意思，判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系，选择合适的连词。常见的状语从句有九大类。要牢记不同的连词的具体意思，是解题的关键。一、时间状语从句常见连词：when/while/as;before/after;since;until;assoonas/immediately/instantly/the,moment/theminute/thesecond;nosoonerthan/hardlywhen;thefirsttime/everytime/eachtime/nexttime,【完成例句】(1)我正在做饭，这时，门铃响了。Iwasdoingsomecookingwhenthedoorbellrang.ThedoorbellrangwhenIwasdoingsomecooking.(2)我正要下班，这时，天开始下大雨了。Iwasabouttoleaveworkwhenitbegantorainheavily.【结论1】when通常意思为：当时候；正在那时,【完成例句】(3)你在北京期间能否给我收集一些红树叶？WhileyouareinBeijing,canyoucollectsomeredleavesforme?(4)那个男孩在过马路时被迎面驶来的小轿车撞了。Whilewalkingacrossthestreet,theboywasknockedoverbyarunningcar.【结论2】while从句只能用延续性动词，意思为：在期间。,【翻译句子】(5)Astimegoesby,wearegrowingwiserandwiser.随着时间的推移，我们变得越来越聪明了。(6)Shedoesherhomeworkasshesings.她一边写作业，一边唱歌。【结论3】as表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行。意思为：一边，一边；随着,【完成例句】(7)我还没到家就觉得饿了。(在到家之前就觉得饿)IhadfelthungrybeforeIarrivedhome.(8)我还没来得及向她道歉，她就离开了办公室。(在我能够说抱歉之前，她就离开了办公室)ShelefttheofficebeforeIcouldsaysorrytoher.(9)还要过很久我们才能毕业。Itwillbelongbeforewegraduate.【结论4】before在之前；还没来得及才,【完成例句】(10)我来上海已经4年了。Its/hasbeenfouryearssinceIcametoShanghai.【结论5】since“自从以来”；是现在完成时的标志。,【注意】从句中延续性动词意义为否定。例：我当医生已经3年了。(自从我成为医生以来，时间已经过去3年了。)ItisthreeyearssinceIbecameadoctor他不当医生已经3年了。Itisthreeyearssincehewasadoctor.我父亲不吸烟已有两年了。Itistwoyearssincemyfathersmoked.我父亲吸烟已有两年了。Itistwoyearssincemyfatherbegantosmoke.,【翻译句子】(11)我一直睡到闹钟响为止。Isleptuntiltheclockalarmed.(12)直到爸爸回来我才开始睡觉。Ididntsleepuntilmyfathercameback.【结论6】until在肯定句中，表示动作持续“到为止”；在否定句中，常与not连用，表示动作“直到才开始”。,【翻译句子】(13)她一到日本就给她妈妈打电话了。ShegavearingtohermotherimmediatelyshelandedinJapan.【结论7】assoonas/immediately/themoment/theminute/thesecond引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”,【完成例句】(14)她一离开办公室电话就响了。Shehadnosoonerlefttheofficethanthetelephonerang.(15)我们一吃过晚餐就开始修机器了。Wehadnosoonerhadsupperthanwebegantorepairthemachine.Nosoonerhadwehadsupperthanwebegantorepairthemachine.(倒装句形式)【结论8】nosoonerthan/hardlywhen刚就(注意：主句时态用haddone；从句用did),【例句观察】EverytimeIseethefilm,Icanthelprecallingmychildhoodinthecountryside.每当看那部电影，我就忍不住回想起在农村度过的童年。CallmeearliernexttimeyoucometoShanghai.你