预防流感1PPT课件

.,1,Speaker:ChenjiaMaker:XuebeiZhaoyanlingWangXiqi,.,2,Content,WhatIstheFlu?,FluSymptoms,HowFluWorks?,TypesofFlu,Prevention,.,3,WhatIstheFlu?,FirstdefinitionFluisalsocalledtheinfluenza.Itsaninfectionthatcausesafever,chills,cough,bodyaches,headaches,andsometimesearachesorsinusproblems.,.,4,WhatIstheFlu?,SeconddefinitionThefluisarespiratoryillnesscausedbytheinfluenzavirus.Thefluisnotthesameasacold,althoughtheysharemanyofthesamesymptoms.Thecoldiscausedbyadifferentvirus,andittendstohavemildersymptomsthantheflu.Coldsarealsolesslikelytocauseseriouscomplications.,.,5,FluSymptoms,1、Cough2、Sorethroat(喉咙痛)3、Headaches4、Muscleorbodyaches5、Feverorfeelingfeverish/chills（发烧或感觉发热/寒战）6、Runnyorstuffynose（流鼻涕、鼻塞）7、Fatigue(tiredness)8、Somepeoplemayhavevomitinganddiarrhea,.,6,FluSymptoms,Theflualsoweakenstheimmunesystem,leavingitvulnerabletomoreseriousinfections.High-riskindividualsinparticulararesusceptibletoseriouscomplications.suchas:Bacterialpneumonia(细菌性肺炎)Dehydration(脱水)Sinusproblemsandearinfections(primarilyinchildren)窦问题和耳部感染（主要是儿童）Worseningofpreexistingconditions,suchasasthmaordiabetes（哮喘或糖尿病）,.,7,HowFluWorks,1.Thevirusenterstherespiratorytract.（呼吸道）2.Afterenteringtherespiratorytract,thevirusstartstoreplicateitself.Therespiratorytractbecomesswollenandinflamed.3.Onceinsidetherespiratorysystem,thevirusentersthebloodstream.thefirstsymptoms(cough)begintoshow.,.,8,FluandtheCommonCold,Thefluandthecommoncoldhavesimilarsymptoms.Itcanbedifficulttotellthedifferencebetweenthem.Ingeneral,thefluisworsethanthecommoncold,theflutendstobemoresevereandusuallycomesonsuddenly,attimesitcanleadtodeath.Learningwhetheritisacoldorfluisimportantbecausetheflucanhaveseriouscomplicationssuchaspneumonia（急性肺炎）orevendeath.Treatingfluwithin48hoursofsymptomsisbest.Prescriptionantiviraldrugsmaycutthetimeyouresick.,.,9,TypesofFlu,Therearethreetypesoffluviruses:A,B,andC.,InfluenzaAcaninfectarangeofmammalsandbirdsaswellashumans,whiletypesBandCinfectmainlyhumans.,.,10,H1N1Influenza(SwineFlu),H1N1influenzaisatypeofinfluenzaA.Itisknownasswineflubecauseitprimarilyinfectspigs.Transmissiontohumansisuncommon,butitcanoccurifhumanscomeintocontactwithinfectedpigsorwithenvironmentscontaminatedbythevirus.Aninfectedhumancanthenspreadthediseasetootherhumans.,.,11,Althoughitalsocirculatesinpigs,youcannotgetitbyeatingproperlyhandledandcookedporkorporkproducts.ThebestwaytopreventtheH1N1fluistogettheseasonalfluvaccine.Youshouldalsofollowouradvisetokeepyourselfhealthyduringfluseason.,H1N1Influenza(SwineFlu),.,12,H5N1BirdFlu,Theavianinfluenzavirus,orbirdflu,occursnaturallyinwildbirds,butdoesnotmakethemsick.Becausethevirusisverycontagiousamongbirds,avianinfluenzaviruscanbedeadlyiftransmittedtodomesticatedbirds.HumaninfectionsarecausedbytransmissionoftheInfluenzaAvirusfrominfectedbirdstohumans.,.,13,H5N1BirdFlu,AlthoughH5N1doesnotusuallyinfecthumans,nearly650casesofhumancasesofH5N1havebeenreportedfrom15countriessince2003.,.,14,FeverandcoughAcuterespiratorydistressShortnessofbreath/difficultybreathingAbdominalpainDiarrhea,Symptoms,.,15,HowcanwepreventhighlypathogenicH5N1virusinfection?,Thebestwaytopreventinfectionistoavoidanycontactwithsickordeadpoultry.ThisincludesavoidingvisitinglivepoultrymarketsthatmaybeinfectedwithH5N1whentraveling.AlsoavoidsickpeoplewhomighthaveH5N1virusinfectioninaffectedcountries.,.,16,H7N9isanewtypeofbirdflu,avianfludiscoveredinShanghaiandanhuifirstattheendofmarchin2013.,FightingAgainstH7N9BirdFlu,wehadsuccessfullydevelopedthevaccinefortheH7N9birdfluvirus,aftertheflustrainhadleftmorethan130peopleinfected,with45fatalitiesreported.,.,17,Vaccinationisthebestwaytoprotectyourselffromtheflu.Thereareadditionalstepsyoucantaketokeepyourselfandyourfamilyhealthythisfluseason.,Prevention,.,18,VACCINATEDEveryone6monthsofageandoldershouldgetvaccinatedagainsttheflu.,TAKEPRECAUTIONSTakeeverydayprecautions,likewashingyourhands,toprotectyourhealth.,ANTIVIRALMEDICATIONSIfyouareexposedtoorcaringforsomeonewiththeflu,talktoyourdoctoraboutpreventiveantiviralmedications.,Prevention,.,19,Therearestepsyoucantakeinyourdailylifetohelpprotectyoufromgettingtheflu.1.Washyourhandsoftenwithsoapandwateroranalcohol-basedhandrub.2.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,nose,ormouth.Germsspreadthisway.3.Trytoavoidclosecontactwithsickpeople.,Prevention,.,20,5.