非谓语总框架ppt课件

.,分词,一.构成,现在分词,doing,beingdone,havingdone,havingbeendone,过去分词：,done,现在分词的特点:,主动、进行、令人的,过去分词的特点：,被动、完成、感到的,.,例句体会：1)Theproblematthemeetingtomorrowwillbesettledsoon.2)Theproblematthemeetingyesterdaywillbesettledsoon.3)Theproblematthemeetingnowwillbesettledsoon.,tobediscussed,discussed,beingdiscussed,.,动名词,一.构成,动名词,doing,beingdone,havingdone,havingbeendone,复合结构：Onesdoing(onesnotdoing)Tomsdoing(如果不在句首可用：宾格+doing）二、特点：只有主动和被动，无进行时态,.,5.几个常考定语：theholiday即将到来的假期thejob要求苛刻的工作themoney=themoney_剩余的钱amaponthewall挂在墙上的地图aman一个博学的人amusician一位天生的音乐家anmurder谋杀未遂,coming,demanding,remaining,left,hanging,learned,born,attempted,.,关于非谓语动词需要注意以下几点：1.逻辑主语：尤其是非谓语动词在句中做状语时，句子的主语为其逻辑主语e.g.1),hetakesalotofexerciseeveryday.(为了参军)2),oneneedsmuchpractice.（为了学好游泳）3),hehadtogotoAmerica.（被迫离开祖国）4),Tomwentback.（找不到回家的路）5)Walkingacrosstheroad,abushitit.(改错),Inordertobeadmittedintothearmy,Tolearntoswimwell,Forcedtoleavehishomeland,Findingnowayhome,itwashitbyabus,.,4.不定式和-ing形式皆可作结果状语：不定式表；-ing形式表。e.g.1)Hewenttotheharbor(港口)inahurry,(only)tofindtherewasnoboatforDalian.2)Footballisplayedinover80countries,makingitthemostpopulargameintheworld.,意想不到的结果,自然而然的结果,.,思考：什么是非谓语动词？,.,动名词的特点：,一、非谓语动词的特征,现在分词的特点:,不定式的特点：,表将来；表某一次具体的动作,主动、进行、动作、令人的,过去分词的特点：,抽象习惯性,被动、完成、状态、感到的,、,.,1.Hishobbyispainting.习惯,ImproudofbeingChinese.抽象,2.TheswimmingboyisTom.(主动、进行）,theroomfacingsouth(主动）,3.IhavearadiomadeinChina.（被动),Lookatthebrokenglass.（被动、完成）,Theexcitedpeopleshoutedandcheered.（感到的）,4.Ihavealotofworktodo.（将来）,Ilikedancing,butIdontliketodancetoday.（某一次具体的动作）,.,二、非谓语动词的句法功能,.,高考题点击：1.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_.(01上海)A.hedliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure2.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.(05北京卷)A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having,在and连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。,D,D,考点1、非谓语动词作主语和表语,.,常用句型：1)Itis(no)good/use/valuedoingsth.,Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.,2).Itsuselessdoing,.,不定式作表语都表示该动作发生在将来，故在表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等名词作主语时其表语应该用不定式。aim,wish,hope,ambition,dream;动名词作表语一般用来表示“身份、职业”等。,eg.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.(99N)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake,B,HisjobisteachingChinese.,Whatyoushoulddois_,tolookafterthebaby.,不定式表示具体一次行为；动名词指习惯性动作。,.,考点2：作定语,主动进行令人的,被动完成感到的,.,drinkingwaterreadingroom,=thewaterfordrinking,=theroomforreading,thesleepingbaby,fallenleaves,thewindowbrokenbyTom,runningwater,theworktodo,thedisappointing令人失望的boy,thedisappointed失望的boy,.,3.Thepicture_onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung4.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing,B,B,hang作及物动词用时表示人为的“挂”；作不及物动词用时表示东西挂在某处的状态。本句中的hang为不及物动词，所以用现在分词作定语。,.,difficultytroubleproblemfunpleasureagoodtimeahardtime,have,(in)doing,考点3：动名词和不定式做宾语,.,rememberforgetregrettrymeanstopgoon,tododoing,意义不同,.,1.Weagreed_herebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet.AhavingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_tomynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.-Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregret_that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone,C,B,D,.,4.-Whatdoesitmeanifshemissesthisflight?-Well,Iamnotsure,butmostprobably_.A.tostayattheairportB.totakeatrainthereC.walkingthereD.waitingforthenext5.-Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.-Dontyouremember_methestoryyesterday?A.toldB.tellingC.totelltohavetold6.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_foranotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting,.,seewatchlookathearlistentofeelnotice,+,+,sb.,dodoingdone,主动、动作全过程,主动、动作正在进行,被动、完成,have/get+宾语+过去分词,1.主语遭受不幸,Shehadhermoneystolen.,2.主语请别人做某事。,HehadhishaircutsoIdidntrecognisehim.,3.主语参与,Ihadlotsofmoneysavedbutstillcantaffordthatexpensiveacar,考点4非谓语动词作宾补,.,makeoneselfdone,1）IcantmakemyselfunderstoodbecauseofmybrokenEnglish.,2）Aliarcantmakehimselfbelieved.,.,1.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning2.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_.A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone3.Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay4.Whowouldyourather_chargeofthisjob,JohnorTom?AhavetotakeBtohavetakeChavetakeDhavetaken,B,A,A,C,.,考点5非谓语动词作状语,作目的、结果状语,时间、原因、条件、伴随、等,doing与主语为主动关系,done与主语为被动关系,其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,.,1.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.,Whentheyheardthebadnews,2.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.,Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,3.Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.,.,forsb.todo,my/Tomsdoing,.,1.李明的迟到使得老师很生气,2.我在这儿抽烟你介意吗？,3.你在这河里游泳是很危险的,LiMingsbeinglatemadehisteacherveryangry.,Doyoumindmysmokinghere?,Itsdangerousforyoutoswimintheriver.,.,+现在分词、过去分词；+（being）形容词；+副词；+不定式；+介词短语,独立主格,独立主格结构的特点：,1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。,2）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。,独立主格结构的构成：,名词（代词）(逻辑主语）,.,3).Astherewasnobus,wehadtowalkhome.,Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.,1)Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoforapicnictomorrow,Weatherpermitting,wellgoforapicnic.,2)Attheringofthebellthechildrenrushedouttoplay,andtheirhomeworkhadbeenhalf-finished.,Attheringofthebellthechildrenrushedouttoplay,（with）theirhomeworkhalf-finished.,.,非谓语动词解题步骤,做非谓语动词题,可分四步分析:,一、分析句子结构,1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhewastold,C,A,分析:句1.用连词but引导并列句子,因此,前面也是个独立句子.,句2.句中用逗号隔开,且无连词引导,因此,前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，用非谓语动词作状语。,3._totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.4.Ifyou_totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.5._totheleftandyoullfindthepostoffice.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.TurnedE.turn,A,E,C,.,二、分析逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。,分析：句1.表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“therebe”结构，即逻辑主语是“thebuses”.,1._nobuses,wehavetowalkhome.2._Sunday,Ishallhaveaquietdayathome.A.TherebeingB.ItwereC.TherewereD.Itbeing,A,句2.Sunday的逻辑主语应是it.,D,.,三、分析语态,分析：句1.“地球被看”，表被动，用过去分词表被动,1._fromspace,theearthlooksblue.2._fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See,分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。,这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语,因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。,A,句2.我们“主动看”即表主动。,B,.,3.Thedirtyclothes_,thegirlhungthemupoutside.4._thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.A.waswashedB.washedC.werewashedD.havingwashed,句4.逻辑主语为句子的主语“thegirl”,表示“女孩洗衣服”,为主动关系。,分析：句3.前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“thedirtyclothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，,B,D,.,在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。1