中央美术学院2006年博士英语真题

中央美术学院2006年博士研究生招生考试英语试卷B一、听力SECTION11ADOCTORBPHARMACISTCMECHANICDWAITER2AINABANKBINARESTAURANTCINANOFFICEDINASHOP3ATEACHERSGETMUCHSATISFACTIONFROMWORKBTEACHERSGETLITTLESATISFACTIONFROMWORKCFEWTEACHERSARESATISFIEDWITHTHEIRWORKDFEWTEACHERSARESATISFIEDWITHTHEIRSALARY4AHEISHAPPYWITHHISJOBBHEISAVERYAMBITIOUSMANCHEISTOOAMBITIOUSTOBEANENGINEDRIVERDHEDOESNTLIKETOBEANENGINEDRIVER5A50B15C30D106AINTERVIEWINGACLERKBWRITINGAJOBADCDISMISSINGACLERKDMAKINGINQUIRES7ATHESHOPTOLDMETHISWOULDHAPPENBIDIDNTKNOWITWOULDBELIKETHISCITBECAMESMALLERBUTSTILLFITSMEDTHECARDIGANISWELLWORTHTHEPRICE8A1030AMB1000AMC1130AMD1100AM9AMOVINGTOLONDONBLOOKINGFORANEWJOBCSEARCHINGFORAFLATDHUNTINGFORAHOUSE10ASHESNOTSUREABOUTTHETRIPBSHEWOULDLIKETOTAKEMORETRIPSCSHESDECIDEDNOTTOTAKETHETRIPDSHEDOESNTLIKEDISCUSSINGTHETRIPSECTION211AHEHASNTBEENDOINGMUCHOFTHEREADINGBHEUNDERSTOODTHEREADINGLASTNIGHTCHEISNTHAVINGMUCHTROUBLEDHEUNDERSTANDSVERYLITTLE12AWINTERISHISFAVOURITETIMEFORSPORTSBSPORTSAREQUITEIMPORTANTTOHIMCHESHOULDBEMOREENTHUSIASTICDHEPLAYSBETTERTHANHEUSEDTO13ATHENOISEBTHEWORKLOADCTHEHEATDTHECROWDEDNESS14AATTHEPOSTOFFICEBATHISHOMEADDRESSCATHISMOUNTAINCABINDATHISUNCLESADDRESS15AOVERJOYEDBCONFUSEDCSURPRISEDDSUPPORTIVE16AGRADUATIONDATEBVACATIONPLANSCSCHOOLCOURSESDJOBHUNTING17AHEHADTHECOOKERCHANGEDBHEHADTHECOOKERREPAIREDCHEBOUGHTANEWCOOKERDHERETURNEDHERNEWCOOKER18AITSHARDTOPRONOUNCETHENAMEBITSNOTGOINGTOBEWELLRECEIVEDCHEHASTEMPORARILYFORGOTTENITSNAMEDHEHASNEVERHEARDOFTHENAME19AHEISTHOUGHTFULBHEISFORGETFULCHEISCARELESSDHEISUNHELPFUL20A6B5C4D7二、词汇与结构21_THECONDITIONOFTHEENGINE,ITISAWONDERTHATITEVENSTARTSAGIVENBGRANTEDCPROVIDEDDALLOWED22_ALLBEHAVIORISLEARNEDBEHAVIORISABASICASSUMPTIONOFSOCIALSCIENTISTSANEARLYBTHATNEARLYCITISNEARLYDWHATNEARLY23THIS_INADULTEDUCATION,INTURN,HELPSTORAISETHEINTELLECTUALSTANDARDOFTHEWHOLECOUNTRYACRISISBDECREASECDEFICITDBOOM24WEARE_YOUTOWAKEUPINTIMEALOOKINGFORBCOUNTINGONCWAITINGFORDINSISTINGON25IWISHI_TOWITHYOU,BUTIAMFULLYOCCUPIEDACOULDBCANCWILLDAMABLETO26THEREWAS_SUPPORTFORTHEWARAWELLINFORMEDBWIDESPREADCFAULTYDSPECTACULAR27WHATHESAIDISFAR_THETRUTHATOBTOWARDSCINTODFROM28THETVPLAYRECEIVED_ACCLAIMACONSIDERATEBCONSIDEREDCCONSIDERINGDCONSIDERABLE29ONLYINRECENTYEARS_BEGUNTOREALIZETHATWILDDOGS,KEPTWITHINBOUNDS,OFTENDOMOREGOODTHANHARMAPEOPLEHAVEBSINCEPEOPLECHAVEPEOPLEDPEOPLEWHOHAVE30BY2004,PRODUCTIONINTHEAREAISEXPECTEDTODOUBLE_OF2000AONEBITCWHATDTHAT31NORMALLYHEWOULDHAVENO_TOTHEWHOLEWORLDKNOWINGHISBUSINESSAOBJECTIONBAPPEALCARGUMENTDDETERRENCE32HEHADHISCAMERAREADY,_HESAWSOMETHINGTHATWOULDMAKEAGOODPICTUREAUNLESSBINCASECINANYCASEDINANYEVENT33IWASSHOCKEDBYHER_VIEWSAREASONABLEBRELUCTANTCSCAREDDRADICAL34ITISHIGHLYNECESSARYTHATOURPLAN_IMMEDIATELYAWILLBECARRIEDOUTBMUSTBECARRIEDOUTCBECARRIEDOUTDHASTOBECARRIEDOUT35WECONDEMNTHEIRACTIONSWITHOUT_ARESERVATIONBOBSERVATIONCCONSERVATIONDPRESERVATION3628WEKNOWHELIVEDINFLEETROAD,BUT_THATWEDONTKNOWMUCHABOUTHIMAOTHERTHANBMORETHANCBETTERTHANDLESSTHAN37WENEEDSOMEONETOFIND_JOHNSONSANDINFORMTHEMOFTHENEWSA/BACTHEDAN38THEABILITYTOUSEALANGUAGECANBE_ONLYBYTHEACTOFUSINGTHELANGUAGEAAPPROACHEDBOVERCOMECCONQUEREDDACQUIRED39_HOWTOREPAIRSTOVE,ISURELYWOULDHAVEHELPEDHERAHADIKNOWNBWOULDIKNOWCWEREIKNOWNDWOULDIHAVEKNOWN40THOUGHREMEMBEREDMAINLYFORTHEINVENTIONOFTHETELEPHONE,ALEXANDERGRAHAMBELLDEVOTEDHISLIFE_THEDEAFAHELPINGBTOHELPCTOHELPINGDHELP三、阅读理解PASSAGE1PANEL嵌镶板PAINTING,COMMONINTHIRTEENTHANDFOURTEENTHCENTURYEUROPE,INVOLVEDAPAINSTAKING,LABORIOUSPROCESSWOODENPLANKSWEREJOINED,COVEREDWITHGESSO石膏TOPREPARETHESURFACEFORPAINTING,ANDTHENPOLISHEDSMOOTHWITHSPECIALTOOLSONTHISPERFECTSURFACE,THEARTISTWOULDSKETCHACOMPOSITIONWITHCHALK,REFINEITWITHINKS,ANDTHENBEGINTHEDELIBERATEPROCESSOFAPPLYINGTHINLAYERSOFEGGTEMPERA用鸡蛋、水等稀释的颜料或涂料PAINTEGGYOLKINWHICHPIGMENTS颜料ARESUSPENDED,WITHSMALLBRUSHESTHESUCCESSIVELAYERINGOFTHESEMETICULOUSLYAPPLIEDPAINTSPRODUCEDTHEFINAL,TRANSLUCENTCOLORSBACKGROUNDSOFGOLDWEREMADEBYCAREFULLYAPPLYINGSHEETSOFGOLDLEAF,ANDTHENEMBELLISHING修饰ORDECORATINGTHEGOLDLEAFBYPUNCHINGITWITHAMETALRODONWHICHAPATTERNHADBEENEMBOSSED使浮雕EVERYSTEPINTHEPROCESSWASSLOWANDDELIBERATE,THEQUICKDRYINGTEMPERADEMANDEDTHATTHEARTISTKNOWEXACTLYWHEREEACHSTROKEBEPLACEDBEFORETHEBRUSHMETTHEPANEL,ANDITREQUIREDTHEUSEOFFINEBRUSHESITWAS,THEREFORE,ANIDEALTECHNIQUEFOREMPHASIZINGTHEHARDLINEAREDGESANDPURE,FINEAREASOFCOLORTHATWERESOMUCHAPARTOFTHEOVERALLAESTHETIC审美OFTHETIMETHENOTIONTHATANARTISTCOULDORWOULDDASHOFFANIDEAINAFITOFSPONTANEOUSINSPIRATIONWASCOMPLETELYALIEN相异的TOTHESEDELIBERATELYPRODUCEDWORKSFURTHERMORE,MAKINGTHESEPAINTINGSWASSOTIMECONSUMINGTHATITDEMANDEDASSISTANCEALLSUCHWORKWASDONEBYCOLLECTIVEENTERPRISEINTHEWORKSHOPSTHEPAINTERORMASTERWHOISCREDITEDWITHHAVINGCREATEDTHEPAINTINGMAYHAVEDESIGNEDTHEWORKANDOVERSEENITSPRODUCTION,BUTITISHIGHLYUNLIKELYTHATTHEARTISTSHANDAPPLIEDEVERYSTROKEOFTHEBRUSHMORELIKELY,NUMEROUSASSISTANTS,WHOHADBEENTRAINEDTOIMITATETHEARTISTSSTYLE,APPLIEDTHEPAINTTHECARPENTERSSHOPPROBABLYPROVIDEDTHEFRAMEANDPERHAPSSUPPLIEDTHEPANEL,ANDYETANOTHERSHOPSUPPLIEDTHEGOLDTHUS,NOTONLYMANYHANDS,BUTALSOMANYSHOPSWEREINVOLVEDINTHEFINALPRODUCTINSPITEOFPROBLEMSWITHTHEIRCONDITION,REST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CHING“PLEASE”AND“THANKYOU”THENEWBEHAVIORISMAINTAINED,BECAUSEITHELPSTHECHILDGETALONGINTHEWORLDLOVING,EVERYDAYINTERACTIONSARETHEBEGINNINGOFRAISINGMORALCHILDRENTHECHILDWHOFALLSANDRECEIVESADULTCONCERNLEARNSHOWTOGREATOTHERSKINDLYWHENTHEYSTUMBLETHECHILDWHOMAKESAMISTAKEANDISENCOURAGEDTOTRYAGAINLEARNSHOWTOSUPPORTOTHERSWHENPARENTSINTERCEDE调解GRACIOUSLYFORTHEIRCHILD,THECHILDCANSEETHEBASISFORFRIENDSHIPWHENWETREATCHILDRENWITHRESPECTANDCARE,WEPROVIDEAPOSITIVEMODELOFHOWTOBEHAVETHESEEARLYEXPERIENCESESTABLISHPATTERNSFORTHEIRTREATMENTOFOTHERS51TOPROVIDETHEIRCHILDRENWITHAMORALCOMPASS,ADULTSSHOULD_AENCOURAGETHEIRCHILDRENTOLEARNMOREKNOWLEDGEABOUTSPORTSORMUSICBENCOURAGETHEIRCHILDRENTOBEAMANWITHHIGHINTEGRITYCSUPPORTTHEIRCHILDRENWHENTHEYHAVEPROBLEMSDSETAGOODEXAMPLEANDGIVEPOSITIVEINSTRUCTIONSTOCHILDREN52ACCORDINGTOTHEAUTHOR,PEOPLEWITHAMORALCOMPASSARETHEKINDOFPEOPLEWHO_ACANREACHTHEIRFULLACADEMICPOTENTIALBCANLEADADECENTLIFECKNOWWHATTODOANDWHYTODOITDHAVEDEVELOPEDCHARACTERISTICSANDVALUESSUCHASRESPECTFOROTHERS53WHYDOESTHEAUTHORTALKABOUTTEACHING“PLEASE”AND“THANKYOU”LINE4,PARA5ATODEMONSTRATETHATSAYING“PLEASE”AND“THANKYOU”ISAGOODHABITBTODEMONSTRATETHATPOLITENESSISTHENATUREOFAMORALCOMPASSCTODEMONSTRATETHATPOLITENESSHELPSTHECHILDGETALONGINTHEWORLDDTODEMONSTRATETHATREINFORCEMENTISANEFFICIENTAPPROACHTOBUILDINGPOSITIVEBEHAVIOR54WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCANEXPRESSTHEMAINIDEAOFTHELASTPASSAGEAADULTSSHOULDTREATCHILDRENWITHLOVEBADULTSSHOULDHAVEMOREPOSITIVECOMMUNICATIONWITHCHILDRENCADULTSSHOULDTREATCHILDRENWITHRESPECTANDCAREDADULTSSHOULDPROVIDEAPOSITIVEMODELOFHOWTOBEHAVEFORCHILDREN55WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGCANSERVEASTHEBESTTITLEFORTHISPASSAGEAHOWTOMAKEYOURCHILDRENANACADEMICALLYEXCELLENTSTUDENTBHOWTOEXPLOREYOURCHILDSPOTENTIALCHOWTOMOLDAMORALCHILDDHOWTOMAKEYOURCHILDAVERSATILE多才多艺的STUDENTPASSAGE4AFOLKCULTUREISSMALL,ISOLATED,COHESIVE,CONSERVATIVE,ANEARLYSELFSUFFICIENTGROUPTHATISHOMOGENEOUSINCUSTOMANDRACE,WITHASTRONGFAMILYORCLANSTRUCTUREANDHIGHLYDEVELOPEDRITUALSORDERISMAINTAINEDTHROUGHSANCTIONSBASEDONTHERELIGIONORFAMILY,ANDINTERPERSONALRELATIONSHIPSARCSTRONGTRADITIONISPARAMOUNT极为重要的ANDCHANGECOMESINFREQUENTLYANDSLOWLYTHEREISRELATIVELYLITTLEDIVISIONOFLABORINTOSPECIALIZEDDUTIESRATHEREACHPERSONISEXPECTEDTOPERFORMAGREATVARIETYOFTASKS,THOUGHDUTIESMAYDIFFERBETWEENTHESEXESMOSTGOODSAREHANDMADE,ANDASSUBSISTENCEECONOMYPREVAILS,INDIVIDUALISMISWEAKLYDEVELOPEDINFOLKCULTURESASARESOCIALCLASSESUNALTEREDFOLKCULTURESNOLONGEREXISTININDUSTRIALIZEDCOUNTRIESSUCHASTHEUNITEDSTATESANDCANADAPERHAPSTHENEARESTMODERNEQUIVALENTINANGLOAMERICAISTHEAMISH,AGERMANAMERICANFARMINGSECT教派,THATLARGELYRENOUNCESTHEPRODUCTSANDLABORSAVINGDEVICESOFTHEINDUSTRIALAGEINAMISHAREAS,HORSEDRAWNBUGGIES马车STILLSERVEASALOCALTRANSPORTATIONDEVICEANDTHEFAITHFULARENOTPERMITTEDTOOWNAUTOMOBILESTHEAMISHSCENTRALRELIGIOUSCONCEPTOFDEMUT,“HUMILITY谦卑”,CLEARLYREFLECTSTHEWEAKNESSOFINDIVIDUALISMANDSOCIALCLASSSOTYPICALOFFOLKCULTURESANDTHEREISACORRESPONDINGSTRENGTHOFAMISHGROUPIDENTITYRARELYDOTHEAMISHMARRYOUTSIDETHEIRSECTTHERELIGION,AVARIETYOFTHEMENNONITE门诺派教徒FAITH,PROVIDESTHEPRINCIPALMECHANISMFORMAINTAININGORDERBYCONTRAST,APOPULARCULTUREISALARGEHETEROGENEOUS不同种类的GROUP,OFTENHIGHLYINDIVIDUALISTICANDCONSTANTLYCHANGINGRELATIONSHIPSTENDTOBEIMPERSONALANDAPRONOUNCEDDIVISIONOFLABOREXISTS,LEADINGTOTHEESTABLISHMENTOFMANYSPECIALIZEDPROFESSIONSSECULARINSTITUTIONSOFCONTROLSUCHASTHEPOLICEANDARMYTAKETHEPLACEOFRELIGIONANDFAMILYINMAINTAININGORDER,ANDAMONEYBASEDECONOMYPREVAILSBECAUSEOFTHESECONTRASTS,“POPULAR”MAYBEVIEWEDASCLEARLYDIFFERENTFROM“FOLK”THEPOPULARISREPLACINGTHEFOLKININDUSTRIALIZEDCOUNTRIESANDINMANYDEVELOPINGNATIONSFOLKMADEOBJECTSGIVEWAYTOTHEIRPOPULAREQUIVALENTS,USUALLYBECAUSETHEPOPULARITEMISMOREQUICKLYORCHEAPLYPRODUCED,ISEASIERORTIMESAVINGTOUSE,ORLENDSMOREPRESTIGETOTHEOWNER56WHATDOESTHEPASSAGEMAINLYDISCUSSATWODECADESINMODERNSOCIETYBTHEINFLUENCEOFINDUSTRIALTECHNOLOGYCTHECHARACTERISTICSOF“FOLK”AND“POPULAR”SOCIETIESDTHESPECIALIZATIONOFLABORINCANADAANDTHEUS57THEWORD“HOMOGENEOUS“INPARAGRAPH1,SENTENCE1ISCLOSESTINMEANINGTO_ATRADITIONALBGENERALCPRIMITIVEDUNIFORM58THEPHRASE“LARGELYRENOUNCES“INPARAGRAPH1,SENTENCE8ISCLOSESTINMEANINGTO_AGENERALLYREJECTSBGREATLYMODIFIESCLOUDLYDECLARESDOFTENCRITICIZES59WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSABOUTAMISHBELIEFSDOESTHEPASSAGESUPPORTAAVARIETYOFRELIGIOUSPRACTICESISTOLERATEDBINDIVIDUALISMANDCOMPETITIONAREIMPORTANTCPREMODERNTECHNOLOGYISPREFERREDDPEOPLEAREDEFINEDACCORDINGTOTHEIRCLASS60WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISNOTGIVENASAREASONWHYFOLKMADEOBJECTSAREREPLACEDBYMASSPRODUCEDOBJECTSACOSTBPRESTIGECQUALITYDCONVENIENCE四、英译汉1SINCETHEESTABLISHMENTOFDIPLOMATICRELATIONSBETWEENCHINAANDTHEUNITEDSTATES,THEEXCHANGESANDMUTUALUNDERSTANDINGSBETWEENTHETWOPEOPLESHAVEBROADENEDANDDEEPENEDSTEADILY2OURMULTICULTURALWORLDWILLNEEDLEADERSWHOHAVERESPECTFORCULTURALDIFFERENCES,ANDOUREDUCATEDYOUNGPEOPLEWILLNEEDTOKNOWHOWTOBLEND融合THEBESTELEMENTSOFCULTURES,BOTHEASTERNANDWESTERN3ASCIENTISTWHODOESRESEARCHINECONOMICPSYCHOLOGYANDWHOWANTSTOPREDICTTHEWAYINWHICHCONSUMERSWILLSPENDTHEIRMONEYMUSTSTUDYCONSUMERBEHAVIOR4ITISVERYIMPORTANTTOCREATEARELAXED,FRIENDLYATMOSPHEREINAFORMALTEA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