高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 基础语法巧学巧练 专题七 动词时态和语态课件.ppt

专题七动词时态和语态,怎么考在语境中考查动词的各种时态与语态。怎么学在平时的阅读、写作训练中，认真体会动词的各种时态、语态，不拘泥于语法。怎么解1.通过“时态定义”解题；2.通过“固定结构”解题；3.通过“语境暗示”解题。,.体验考向单句语法填空1.(2016全国卷)leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow_(be)oftenacceptable.2.(2016全国卷)sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.trulyelegantchopsticksmight_(make)ofgoldandsilverwithchinesecharacters.3.(2015全国卷)itwasraininglightlywheni_(arrive)inyangshuojustbeforedawn.,4.(2015广东卷)whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway，she_(fall)overthehillanddied.5.(2015广东卷)hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearbyforotherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat_(leave).6.(2015陕西卷)atcollege，barackobamadidntknowthathe_(become)thefirstblackpresidentoftheunitedstatesofamerica.7.(2014广东卷)we_(tell)thatourroomshadntbeenreservedforthatweek，butfortheweekafter.8.(2014辽宁卷)taichi_(call)“shadowboxing”inenglish.,答案1.is考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语leavingtheless.，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用is。2.bemade考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。3.arrived句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据主句可知，本文记叙的是过去发生的事情，应该使用一般过去时。4.fell考查时态。根据and后面的died可知此处用一般过去时，fall是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。,5.wasleft考查时态和语态。whatwasleft是宾语从句，主语what和leave之间是被动关系，且此处表示过去的情况，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。6.wastobecome/wouldbecome句意：大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他会成为美国的第一位黑人总统。表示“注定成为”要用betodo；主句是一般过去时，所以从句要用过去将来时。7.weretold考查被动语态。句子是过去时，且含义是“我们被告知”，故用被动形式。8.iscalled此处表示“太极拳在英语中被叫做shadowboxing”，应用一般现在时的被动语态。,.考点集训集训单句语法填空1.(2016全国卷)i_(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.2.(2016全国卷)confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand_(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.3.(2015安徽卷)justasigottotheschoolgate，irealizedi_(leave)mybookinthecafe.,4.(2015安徽卷)itisreportedthataspacestation_(build)onthemooninyearstocome.5.(2015北京卷)inthelastfewyears，china_(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.6.(2015福建卷)whereispeter？icantfindhimanywhere.hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand_(write)hisessaythereeversince.7.(2014全国卷)it_(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.,8.(2014山东卷)theymadeuptheirmindthatthey_(buy)anewhouseoncelarrychangedjobs.9.(2014北京卷)whattimeisit?ihavenoidea.butjustaminute，i_(check)itforyou.10.(2014北京卷)hi，letsgoskating.sorry，imbusyrightnow.i_(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.答案1.wasallowed2.were3.hadleft4.willbebuilt5.hasmade6.hasbeenwriting7.was8.wouldbuy9.willcheck10.amfilling,集训用所给动词的适当形式完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，并在语境中体会动词的时态和语态。motherteresawasborninyugoslavia，onaugust27，1910.she_1_(attend)thegovernmentschoolnearherhomeuntilshewaseighteen.atthattime，somedoctorsandnursesfromyugoslavia_2_(work)inindia，andtheyoftenwrotetotheschoolabouttheirwork.shedecidedtojointhemoneday.,whensheleftschool，shefirstwenttobritain;thenayearlatershewenttoindia，whereshebeganto_3_(train)tobeateacher.aftertraining，she_4_(send)tocalcutta，whereshetaughtgeographyataschoolandsoon_5_(become)headmistress(女校长).however，whileshelovedteaching，in1946motherteresalefttheschoolandwenttoworkinthepoorpartsofcalcutta.latershewastrainedtobecomeanurseinpatna，andthen_6_(begin)herworkhelpingthepoorandcomfortingthedyinginthestreetsofthecity.slowly，otherscametohelpher，andherwork_7_(spread)tootherpartsofindia.,motherteresawasawell-knownpersonforever.manyphotos_8_(take)ofher，asshetravelledaroundtheworldtoopennewschoolsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.in1979，she_9_(give)thenobelprizeforthelifetimeofloveandserviceshe_10_(give)tothepoor.答案1.attended2.wereworking3.betrained4.wassent5.became6.began7.spread8.weretaken9.wasgiven10.hadgiven,知识胸有成竹,一、3种时态的常考用法1.进行时表将来的动作现在进行时还可表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，这类动词主要有：go，come，leave，stay，start，arrive，land，meet，move，return，stay，stop，do等。2.现在完成时的2个常考句型(1)在“it(this)is(willbe)thefirst/second/third.timethat从句”中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。(2)在“it(this)isthebest(worst，mostinteresting等)名词从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。,3.过去完成时的3个常考用法(1)hope，expect，think，intend，want，suppose等用于过去完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本”。(2)“it/this/thatwasthe序数词timethat.”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时。(3)“hardly/scarcely.when.”和“nosooner.than.”结构中，主句用过去完成时。,二、语态的2个特殊用法1.主动形式表示被动意义的三种用法(1)英语中有很多动词，如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，wear，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义。此时，主语通常是物，且常常和easily，well等副词连用。(2)表示感受、感官的系动词如feel，sound，taste，look等，后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构时，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。(3)在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词及形容词worth的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。,2.主动表示被动的两大句式(1)在“主语(人/物)be形容词不定式”结构中，不定式的主动形式可表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.这个问题很难解决。(2)betorent/blame/let也属于主动形式表示被动意义。whoistoblameforthemistake?谁应为这个错误接受谴责？,集训奔向高考阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2016西安高三模拟)thereoncewasawisesage，_1_oftenwanderedinthecountryside.oneday，ashepassedbyavillage，he_2_(approach)byawomanwhotoldhimofasickchildnearby.shebeggedhimtohelpthischild.sothesagecametothevillage，andacrowdgathered_3_him，forsuchamanwasararesight.onewomanbroughtthesickchildtohim，andhesaidaprayerforher.,“doyoureallythinkyourprayerwillhelpher，whenmedicinehasfailed？”yelled_4_manfromthecrowd.“youknow_5_ofsuchthings！youareastupidfool！”saidthesagetotheman.themanbecameveryangrywiththesewordsandhisfacegrewhotandred.hewasabouttosaysomething，orperhapsstrikeout，_6_thesagewalkedovertohimandsaid：“ifonewordhassuchpoweras_7_(make)yousoangryandhot，_8_mayhavethepowertoheal.”,andthus，thesagehealedtwopeoplethatday.languagedoeshavethepowertochange_9_(real).therefore，treatyour_10_(word)asthemightyinstruments.theyaretoheal，tonurture，tocherish，toblessandtoforgive.,【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一个圣人用祷告的方式为病人治病的故事，告诉人们语言的力量是巨大的。1.who考查who引导非限制性定语从句。从前，有位圣人，他经常在乡村中漫步。2.wasapproached考查一般过去时及被动语态。由后面的介词by可知此处应用被动语态，且文章的主体时态是一般过去时，故此处应填wasapproached。,3.around考查介词的用法。圣人来到这个村庄，一群人聚在他周围。4.a考查不定冠词的用法。此处表示“人群中的一个男人”，表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。5.nothing考查不定代词的用法。由下文圣人的指责“youareastupidfo