现在分词做定语

非谓语动词,分词,使用原则:当两个动词之间没有连词时，需要将其中一个谓语动词变为非谓语动词。注意:连词可以分为(1)并列连词(and,but,or)(2)从属连词(because,when,before,if等)(3)关系连词(定从，名从连接词)判断下面句子的正误Isattherefeltfrustrated.(),x,根据提示改错,加上并列连词Shesattherebutfeltfrustrated.2.加上从属连词Shesattherebecauseshefeltfrustrated.3.加上关系连词SheSatthere,whofeltfrustrated.变为非谓语动词Shesatthere,feelingveryfrustrated.,现在分词形式,过去分词形式:done,否定形式:在非谓语动词前加not注意：完成式不能用来作定语。,分词意义,doing:与所修饰词构成主动关系/时态上表示正在进行，表示状态beingdone:与所修饰词构成被动关系/时态上表示正在进行havingdone:与所修饰词构成主动关系/时态上表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成；,分词意义,havingbeendone:与所修饰词构成被动关系/时态上表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成havingbeendoing:与所修饰词构成主动关系/时态上表示发生在谓语动词之前且未完；done:与所修饰词构成被动关系/时态上表示过去或者状态；,动脑筋！完成资料上面的活动：读下面句子，划出分词作定语的部分，并总结出分词作定语时它在句子中的位置及现在分词与过去分析的区别用法。,一、现在分词作定语：anamusingstorythelaughingaudienceswimmingpoorreadingroomwritingpaperwashingmachinetherisingsunsurprisingnewsthecomingschoolyear,好笑的故事,正在发笑的观众,游泳池,阅览室,书写纸,洗衣机,正在升起的太阳,令人惊讶的消息,下一学年,1.过去分词知多少,惊恐的人们预留的座位被污染的水拥挤的教室打碎的花瓶关了的门疲惫的观众,terrified/astonishedpeoplereservedseatspollutedwateracrowdedroomabrokenvaseacloseddoorthetiredaudience,Theboystandingunderthetree站在树下的男孩Thegirleatinganapple吃苹果的女孩Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.这是一所建于二十世纪八十年代的学校。Aletterwritteninpencil.一封用钢笔写的信。,总结分词作定语的用法：定语：用来修饰名词或者代词；被修饰的词就是这个分词的逻辑主语。单个分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词的前面;分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。所以，定语又分为前置定语和后置定语。过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示动作的被动或完成；现在分词表示动作的主动或进行。,thechangingworldthechangedworld,（正在变化的）,（变化了的）,boilingwater,boiledwater,（正在沸腾的）,（已经沸腾过的开水）,adevelopingcountry,adevelopedcountry,(发展中的),（发达的）,翻译下面句子：,fallingleaves,fallenleaves,正在飘落的树叶,落叶,退休工人,aretiredworker,逃犯,anescapedprisoner,被盗的汽车,astolencar,Translatethefollowingphrases:,(4)语法功能现在分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。,1.ThestolenbikebelongstoJack.,ThebikewhichwasstolenbelongstoJack.,2.ThelecturegivenbyProfessorZhangisaboutenvironmentprotection.,ThelecturewhichwasgivenbyProfessorZhangisabouttheenvironmentprotection.,3.ChinaisadevelopingcountryChinaisacountrywhichisdeveloping.中国是个发展中国家。4.Studentswishingtogohikingshouldsigntheirnameshere.Studentswhowishtogohikingshouldsigntheirnameshere.要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。,Isawasleepinggirlinthewaitingroom.Isawagirlwhowassleepinginthewaitingroom.在候车室我看见一个熟睡的女孩。ThemantalkingwithourheadmasterisTomsfather.ThemanwhoistalkingwithourheadmasterisTomsfather.正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。,1.Thechildrenwhoareplayingtheviolinwillgiveaperformancenextweek.Thechildrentheviolinwillgiveaperformancenextweek.2.Isawamanfrightenedbyasnake.Isawamanbyasnake.3.Hesawadogthatwascarryingapieceofmeatenteringyourgarden.Hesawadogapieceofmeatenteringyourgarden.4.TherearemanynewEnglishwordsaddedtotheneweditionofthedictionary.TherearemanynewEnglishwordstotheneweditionofthedictionary.,playing,whowasfrightened,carrying,thatareadded,完成下列句子：,5现在分词的意义1)现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如：TheprofessorgivingaspeechaboutpollutionnowisfromHarvardUniversity.正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。,Studentswishingtogohikingshouldsigntheirnameshere.=Studentswhowishtogohikingshouldsigntheirnameshere.要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。,=TheprofessorwhoisgivingaspeechaboutpollutionnowisfromHarvardUniversity.,2)现在分词的被动语态(being+过去分词)表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。如：ThefreewaybeingbuiltnowwillleadtoXingangSeaport.正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码头。,=ThefreewaywhichisbeingbuiltnowwillleadtoXingangSeaport.,3)现在分词的完成式“having+过去分词”不能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。如：你了解昨天发生的事故吗?误：Doyouknowanythingabouttheaccidenthavinghappenedyesterday?正：Doyouknowanythingabouttheaccidentthathappenedyesterday?,赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。误：TheChineseWomenVolleyballTeamhavingwonthechampionshiparrivedattheCapitalAirportlastnight.正：TheChineseWomenVolleyballTeamthathadwonthechampionshiparrivedattheCapitalAirportlastnight.,1.The_boywaslastseen_neartheEastLake.(2000Shanghai)A.missing,playingB.missing,playC.missing,playedD.missed,toplay2.Doyouknowtheboy_underthebigtree.A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying3.Seeingthesun_abovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.A.toriseB.toraiseC.risingD.raising4._thelastbusmeanswalkinghome.A.MissB.missedC.MissingD.Ifmissing,A,D,C,C,1.Willyouattendthemeeting_onSaturday?A.heldB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.hold2.Thewoman_alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give,区别,还没发生的动作,正在发生的动作，表主动,A,过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。,TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.,C,A,2.Iborrowedabook_byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite,1.Didyouattendthemeeting_yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld,1.Doyouknowtheboy_(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Cantyouread?”Marysaidangrily_(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader_(respect)bythepeople.,lying,pointing,selling,brought,respected,一、分析句子结构1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold,C,AfedonB.belongingto;feedonC.werebelongedto;feedonD.belongingto;feedingon,Changethefollowingcomplexsentencesintosimpleones.,Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhoiswaitingoutsidetheschoolgate?=Doyouknowtheyoungmanwaitingoutsidetheschoolgate?Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththecatthatislyingatthecornerofthestreet.=Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwiththecatlyingatthecornerofthestreet.,Canyoushowmeanywordwhichbeginswiththeletter“x”?=Canyoushowmeanywordbeginningwiththeletter“x”?Shanghaiisacitywhichischangingrapidly.=Shanghaiiscitychangingrapidly.,Theteacherstoodamongthechildrenwholaughed.=Theteacherstoodamongthelaughingchildren.Themanwhowaswearingablueshirtandbluejeanswascaughtshortlyafterhehadleftthebank.=Themanwearingablueshirtandbluejeanswascaughtshortlyafterhehadleftthebank.,二、现在分词作宾语补足语1感官动词see,watch,hear,feel,notice等后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作正在进行。如：Isawhimrunningdownthestreet.我看见他沿着街跑。Ifeltanantclimbingovermyleg.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。SuddenlyInoticedherstandingoutside.突然我