初中英语被动语态总复习课件

Passivevoice,复习课：被动语态,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词+be+vt过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构:will/shall+be+vt过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+being+vt过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构:was/were+being+vt过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构:have/hasbeen+vt过去分词,知识点再现:被动语态,结构：be+动词的过去分词意义：强调主语是动作的承受者,何时使用,变化方法,注意事项,变化：示例,Theboybroketheglass.,Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语介词by宾语2.谓语加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语主语,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,3.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时：willbe+动词的过去分词,4.AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,5.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,6Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词,7Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,二、常见语态转换（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucyboughtsomefruit.Somefruit_Lucy.2.UncleWangwaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowers_UncleWangeveryday.3.Didtheybuildthebridgein1998?_thebridge_in1998?4.WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks?When_thesebooks_LuXun?5.Thefarmersdontgrowapplesonthefarm.Apples_onthefarm.6.Theydidntcleantheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroom_yesterday.小结：1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_是关键，_永不变。2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由_确定。3、问句提前_;否定_后加not.,wasboughtby,arewateredby,Was,built,were,writtenby,arentgrown,wasntcleaned,be形,过去分词,主动时态,被动主语,be动词,be,(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.Youcandotheworkallbyyourself.Thework_allbyyourself.2.Wemustplantmoretrees.Moretrees_.3.Weshoulddigalargehole.Alargehole_.4.Canweputourbikeshere?_ourbikes_here?5.Youmustntthrowrubbishhere.Rubbish_here.6.Wecantseemanystars.Manystars_.小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前_;否定句：_+not.,canbedone,mustbeplanted,shouldbedug,Can,beput,mustntbethrown,cantbeseen,情态动词+be+过去分词,情态动词,情态动词,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,Thisworkmay_today.（finish）Canmybike_here?(mend)Thecarscant_here.（park）,含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后面的be动词用原形,befinished,bemended,beparked,1.WecallMr.SmithalivingLeiFeng.Mr.Smith_alivingLeiFeng(byus).2.Tomsfatherboughthimabook.He_abook(byhisfather)Abook_him(byhisfather),带双宾语的句子有两种改法:一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,wasbought,iscalled,pass,show,send,此类动词有：,buy,beboughtfor,如：give,begivento,此类动词还有：,draw，make,cook,mend,1.PleasepassthebooktoLily.ThebookispassedtoLilybyyouplease.Lilyispassedthebook.2.Hegavemeabeautifulpresent.Iwasgivenabeautifulpresentbyhim.Abeautifulpresentwasgiventome.,感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,makehave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把to加在动词原形之前.,Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.,1.Theteachersoftenmakeusreadbooksinthemorning.Weareoftenmadetoreadbooksinthemorningbytheteachers.2.Wenoticedhimtalkwithmybrotherjustnow.Hewasnoticedtotalkwithmybrotherjustnow.3.WesawherhelpTomwhenweentertheroom.ShewasseentohelpTomwhenweentertheroom.4.Imadehimstopwhilehewasdoingthework.Hewasmadetostopwhilehewasdoingthework.,3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语Mothertoldmenottobelate.Iwastoldnottobelatebymother.Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden.Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden.,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,Speaktobespokento,Handinbehandedin,4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.,Therainstopped.,Thesouptastesdelicious.,stop,taste在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,belongto,breakout(爆发）,e.g.Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,e.g.PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。,e.g.Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,e.g.Thepen_(write)veryfast.,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,Practice:1MustIpayforitatonce?_it_atonce?2Wewillbuildanewlab.Anewlab_.3Theyarentstoppingthetrafficnow.Thetraffic_now.4Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?Howlong_thebook_?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5Ifyourhomework_(do)well,youmaygotoplay.6Mr.Greenwasseen_(grow)trees.7Theblackboardwas_(look)carefullybythestudents.8Theshipmodel_be_(make)intwodays.,isdone,togrow,lookedat,will,made,1.-DidyougotoJimsbirthdayparty?-No,I_(北京2003年中招试题)A.amnotinvitedB.wasntinvitedC.haventinvitedD.didntinvited2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow(重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays.A.workB.towork2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.A.washandedinB.washanded,A,B,3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork_.A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Wearetold_everywhere.Itsourdutytokeepourschoolclean.A.nottomakemuchnoiseB.tothrowwastepaperC.todrawD.nottospit,A,D,1.-Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?-Itssurprising.Thestrongestteam_.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailed2.IwontcometothepartyunlessSue_.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos_byAfricanchildren.A.aretakenB.havebeentakenC.takenD.weretaken4.Theboy_studyathomebyherlastSunday.AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto,中招模拟,A,D,C,C,4.Thetreesmust_threetimesaweek.A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters5.Anothernewbuilding_lastmonthnearmyschool.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbuilt,6.Anewbridge_overtherivernextyear.AisbuiltBwillbuildCwillbebuiltDwillbuilt7.TVandradioprograms_theothersideoftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites.AcansendtoBcansendonCcanbesenttoDcanbesenton,C,A,C,C,3.Insummermeatandfruit_foralongtime.AcantbekeptBdoesntkeepCisnotkeptDisntkeeping4.Thesefilms_byyoungchildren.AshouldnotseenBshouldntbeseenCshouldbenotseenDshouldsee5.Thepieceofmusic_great.AsoundsBsoundedCissoundedDissounding,6.It_inasmallvillagelastmonth.AhappenedBwashappenedChappenDhadhappened,A,B,A,A,2.Ourclassroomshould_cleanandtidy.AwaskeptBbekeptCiskeepDhavekept,3.Noletter_sinceyouleftforShanghai.AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceivedChadbeenreceivedDhasbeenreceived4.Imafraidyoucantgoin.Theroom_.AispaintedBhaspaintedCisbeingpaintedDispainting,6.Thegirl_singingwhenwepassedb