人教版英语选修九-unit-2-sailing-the-oceans(warming-up)(课件)-(共55张ppt)].ppt

Unit2SailingtheOceansWarmingup,Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatornvget(r)andanexplorer?,Anavigatorexplores_.Anexplorerdiscoversnewplaces_.,thesea,onland,Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?,compasskmps,astrolabestrleb,星盘,Theastrolabemeasurestheheightandpositionofthesun.Fromthisacaptaincantellwheretheboatisintheocean.,nauticaln:tklchart航海图,Nauticalchartsaremapsofthedepthoftheseaandthecurrentsoftheoceans.,SailingtheOceans,R写出下列单词的变化形式1仁慈，怜悯n._；仁慈的adj._2探险，探测v._；探险，探测n._3最小的_；最大的_4安全的，可靠的adj._；安全，保证n._；5参考，查阅v._；参考，提及n._6精确的，准确的adj._；精确度，准确性n._,mercy,merciful,explore,exploration,minimum,maximum,secure,security,refer,reference,precise,precision,R写出下列单词的变化形式7简单化，单一化v._；简单的adj._；8.趋向，倾向n._；倾向，趋向v._9.依赖，依靠v._；可靠的，可信赖的adj._；信任，依赖n._10.生存，幸存v._；生存，幸存n._11.挨饿v._；饿死n._12.心理学n._；心理上的adj._心理上地，心理学地adv._,simplify,simple,tendency,tend,rely,reliable,reliance,survive,survival,starve,starvation,psychology,psychological,psychologically,R写出下列单词的变化形式13逐渐的，逐步的adj._；逐渐地adv._；14.预见，预知v._；15.渴，口渴n._；口渴的adj._；,gradual,gradually,foreseeforesawforeseen,thirsty,thirst,Discussionofthestructure,Part1IntroductionPart2Usingnaturetohelp(celestialbodies,wildlife,theweather,thesea)Part3Usingnavigationalinstrumentstohelp(findinglongitudeandlatitude),Paragraph1R1.很可能R2.标出船只的位置R3.voyageR4.任凭海洋摆布R5.导航设备/航海技术,15,Paragraph1Wemaywellwonderhowseamanexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitude.R1很可能well:adv.(用于can,could,may,might之后)肯定，可能，有理由e.g.Theseareexcellentphotographs，andwemaywellusetheminourmagazine.这些是很不错的照片，我们很有可能把它们用在我们的杂志上。,maywell,R2.标出(确定)船只的位置plotashipsposition(onamap)R3.任凭海洋摆布atthemercyoftheseaR4.导航的辅助手段/设备/航海技术navigationalnvenlaid/skill(vi/vt)航海，航空navigatenvet（n.）航海，航空navigationnvgen（n.）航海家,驾驶员navigatornvget(r),Thevoyagesoftravellersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthat/theywerenotatthemercyofthesea/eventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.,17世纪以前的航海记录显示，即使没有现代航海技术的帮助，他们也没有任凭海洋摆布。,(1)voyagen./vi.航海,航行过去从英国航行到印度要六个月。ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.goon/make/takeaseavoyage去航海旅行voyagern.航行者,航海者,tripajourneytoaplaceandback,especiallyforashortvisit公务或游玩的短程、短程旅行journeyanactoftravelingfromoneplacetoanother,especiallywhentheyarefarapart.时间较长的长途旅行travel/U/thegeneralactoftraveling抽象概念，泛指旅行的行为travelsseveraljourneystootherplacesorcountries,especiallyfaraway漫游，海外旅行voyagealongjourneyespeciallybyseaorinspace水上或空中旅行tourtheactofwalkingaroundatown,buildingajourneymadeforpleasureduringseveraldifferenttowns,countriesarevisited.周游或巡回比赛,演出等,1.Theyhavegoteverythingreadytomakea_acrosstheAtlantic.2.Theycamebackhomeafteryearsofforeign_3.Myfatherisonabusiness_now.4.Shehasadreamoftakingaround-the-world_.5.The_waslonganddifficult.,voyage,travel,trip,tour,journey,R,(2)atthemercyofunderthecontrolofsb/sth;inthepowerofsb/sth由支配。例如：R.他们在海上迷路了，任凭风和天气的摆布。Theywerelostatsea,_.R.我不喜欢在这样一个男人的摆布下工作。Idontliketowork_/Idontliketowork_.,atthemercyofwindandweather,atthemercyofsuchaman,athismercy,havemercyon/showmercyto对表示怜悯Theterroristsshowednomercytothehostages.withoutmercy毫不留情地Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospitalwithoutmercy.,Itsamercy(that)(口)幸运的是,幸亏(用于表示更遭的情况得以避免总算是幸运)a.Itsamercytheaccidenthappenedsonearthehospital.b.幸运的是她伤的不重_,Itsamercy(that)shewasntseriouslyhurt.,Sentence:Latitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotashipspositiononamap.P1经纬度的使用使得人们得以在地图上标绘出(确定)船只的位置。,makeitpossibletodosth.使做成为可能e.g.Spaceshipmakesitpossibletotraveltothemoon.R宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。Themusicmadeitpossibleforyoutofallasleep.R音乐使你能够入睡。,26,Page1,R.冒最小的风险carrytheminimumamountofriskminimum:adj.最小的,最低的n.最小值e.g.他没费什么劲就通过了考试。Hepassedtheexamswith_.(opp.)Youhavetodevelopyourcapabilitiestothemaximum.你必须尽你所能。,maximum:adj.最高的,最多的n.最大量,最大限度,theminimumamountofeffort,27,celestialbodiesslestil天体北极南极北极星(在)赤道沿着地平线horizon:n.地平线;(知识,思想等的)范围,视野e.g.Icouldseeashiponthehorizon.我可以看见地平线上有一艘轮船。R开阔视野widen/broadenoneshorizon,(at)theNorthPole,(at)theSouthPole,theNorthStar,(at)(the)equatorkwet(r),alongthehorizonhrazn,28,4.熟练的航海家（造诣深的）accomplishednavigators=experienced5.中午/正午时分atmidday/atnoon黎明/破晓时分atdawn/sunrise/daybreak傍晚/薄暮时分atdusk/sunset,/skillful,29,6.特殊的云层aspecialcloudformationformation:形成物,已形成的东西e.g.Cloudsareformationsoftinydropsofwaterinthesky.云是由空中极细微的水滴构成。,30,7.在附近8.根据颜色和气味来判断tellbythecolourandsmell9.筑巢而居的小鸟nestingbirdsBirdsNest（鸟巢）10.在远离海岸的公海上(be)offshoreintheopensea11.确定方位identifytheposition,closeby/nearby,31,12.加速acceleratethespeedacceleratevt./vi.加速,促进（指增加活动、成长或进步的速度）e.g.R加速经济发展accelerateeconomicdevelopment随着经济增长的加速，一些大城市的绿地变得越来越少。Withtheaccelerationofeconomicgrowth,thegreenareasinsomebigcitiesarebecominglessandless.,32,Certaintidesandcurrentscouldbeusedbyskillfulsailorstocarryshipstotheirdestination.tiden.潮,潮汐,潮流,趋势e.g.atideofimmigrationTimeandtidewaitfornoman.时不我待/岁月不等人。(时机,有利的场合,机会),移民潮,Sentence：Onacleardayespeciallyduringthesummerthesailorscouldusethesunoverheadatmiddaytonavigateby.Sun*Onaclearday/especiallyduringthesummerthesailorscouldusethesunoverheadatmiddaytonavigateby.在晴朗的日子里，特别是夏天，船员可以利用正午在头顶上的太阳来导航(过海)。,在公园里，我看见一个小男孩手持风筝线，风筝在他的头顶上随风摆动，忽上忽下。,IntheparkIsawalittleboyholdingthestringofakite.,IntheparkIsawalittleboyholdingthestringofakite,whichwasflyingoverheadatthemercyofthewind,upanddown.,Thekitewasflyingoverheadatthemercyofthewind,upanddown.,Page2,理论问题在一定时间内8.减少出错的趋势复杂的数学表直线行驶itisdifficult(=?)touse一种比较精确的和简单的版本固定的参照点,理论问题thetheoreticalproblem2.在一定时间内duringafixedperiodoftime3.复杂的数学表complicatedmathematicaltables(表格)*piechart(饼图),barchart(柱图)graph(曲线图)4.直线航行setastraightcourse,Therewasnosecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthetheoreticalproblem.page2FindinglongitudeTherewasnosecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthetheoreticalproblem.直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后，人们才有了测量经度的可靠方法。,Anearlymethodof_(measure)speedinvolvedthrowinga_(knot)rope_(tie)toalogoverthesideoftheship.page2FindinglongitudeAnearlymethodofmeasuringspeedinvolvedthrowingaknottedrope(whichis)tiedtoalogoverthesideoftheship.早期测量速度的方法是(需要)沿着船边拉一根打结的绳子，这根绳子是系在一根圆木上的。,tied,knotted,measuring,involve1)包含，需要doinge.g.测试需要回答有关图片的问题。Thetestwillinvolveansweringquestionsaboutaphotograph.2)参加，加入sb.insthe.g.所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧。Allthechildreninvolvedthemselvesintheschoolplay.Allthechildren_theschoolplay.,wereinvolvedin,3)牵涉，影响(vt.)e.g.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。Dont_otherpeople_yourtrouble.involved(adj.)e.g.Theprobleminvolvedisbasicallysimple.Thisisaveryinvolvedproblem.,所涉及的,复杂的=complicated/complex,involve,in,measure(vt.)-测量，给量尺寸e.g.measurespeed测量速度量尺寸、面积e.g.那条河长250公里，宽60米。Thatrivermeasures250kilometreslongand60metreswide.*与表示数量的词(短语)连用，其主语是表示物的名词,不用在进行时打量;估量e.g.Shemeasuredthestrangerwithhereyes.她用双眼打量着那个陌生人。,42,measure(n.)-C.措施e.g.ThegovernmentwasurgedtotakemeasurestofightagainstthespreadofAIDS.人们敦促政府采取措施以防止爱滋病的传播。尺寸U.e.g.Mr.Smithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothesaccordingtohisownmeasure.史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做新衣服。,43,Theearliest,theastrolabe,wasaspecialall-in-onetoolfortellingthepositionoftheshipinrelationtothesunandvariousstarswhichcoveredthewholesky.TheAstrolabeTheearliest,theastrolabe,wasaspecialall-in-onetoolfortellingthepositionoftheshipinrelationto(whichisrelatedto)thesunandvariousstarswhichcoveredthewholesky.(它们当中)最早的那个,星盘,是一种特殊的集多功能于一体的工具，可用来判断船只的位置与太阳和布满天空的各种星星之间的相关的位置。,44,5.Itwasawkward(difficult)touseItwaseasiertohandlebecauseitwasmoreportable.awkward-difficulttohandleormanage6.一种更加精确的和简化的版本amorepreciseandsimplifiedversion,7.固定的参照点thefixedpointsofreference,referencen.提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人)在会上老师提到了他的英雄事迹。Atthemeetingtheteacher_hisheroicdeeds.这些是教师参考书。Theseare_forteachers.,madereferenceto,referencebooks,referv.提到,涉及,查阅她的学生经常查这本字典。Herpupilsoftenreferredtothisdictionary.别再提那件事。Dontrefertoitagain.Oureconomyisreferredtoasafreemarket.我们的经济被称作自由市场经济。,47,8.减少了出差错的趋势reducethetendencytomakemistakestheSextanttendencyC.(pl.cies)1)趋势，趋向(=trend)+towards/toThereisagrowingtendencyto/towards有一种增加的趋势Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.,48,2)倾向，偏好e.g.IhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenImnervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。haveatendencytodo总爱做偏好做,49,Itworksbymeasuringtheanglebetweentwofixedobjectsoutsidetheshipusingtwomirrors.Thismadethecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.(定从/分词作状语),whichmadethecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.,makingthecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.它的工作方式是用两块镜子来测量船外两个固状物体之间的角度，这就使得计数更加精确，而且更容易操作。,这就,by,plotashipspositionatthemercyofmodernnavigationalaidscarrytheminimumamountofriskcelestialbodiesanaccomplishednavigatorthesunoverheadWorkouttheirlatitudetheyareoffshoreandintheopenseatideandcurrentduringtheiroutwardorreturnjourney,确定船的位置受的支配现代的导航仪器冒最小的风险天体有经验的航海家头顶上的太阳算出他们的纬度位置他们远离了海岸的公海上潮汐和水流在出海和返航时,Translationexercise1.渐渐地（gradually），我习惯了学校的常规（routine）。既然我已经上了高级班（theadvancedclass)，就可以自己制定学习计划了。Ihavegraduallygotusedto/accepted/beenaccustomedtotheroutineatschoolnowthat/sinceIamintheadvancedclassandcanmakemyownstudyplan.2.让那个女孩来拍广告（advertising）有一个不利的方面（drawback），就是她方方的下巴（squarejaw）使她看上去不大友好(unfriendly)。Thedrawbackofusingthatgirlfortheadvertisingwashersquarejawwhichmadeherlookunfriendly.,3.数学（mathematics）是一门需要精密准确（preciseandaccurate）工作的学科。Mathematicsisasubjectwhichdemands/requires/needspreciseandaccuratework.(precision,accuracy)4.在公园里，我看见一个小男孩手持风筝线（thestringofakite），风筝在他的头顶上（overhead）随风摆动（atthemercyofthewind），忽上忽下。IntheparkIsawasmallboyholdingthestringofakiteoverheadwhichwasrisingandfallingatthemercyofthewind.In