Unit2-Working-the-land--Language-points.ppt

Unit2WorkingthelandLanguagepoints,Learningaims,1、getmorefamiliarwiththetext2、Learnthekeywords,expressionsandsentencestructuresinthetext,SentenceExplanations,1.AlthoughheisoneofChinasmostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.【分析】这是一个含让步状语从句的主从复合句。其结构为:让步状语从句(AlthoughheisoneofChinasmostfamousscientists)+主句(YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer)。主句中包含“consider+宾语+n.”结构。,for引导的从句并不表示原因,而只是为主句中所说的话提供推断的理由,加以解释,此时for前要加逗号。e.g.Theshopwasquitenew,forithadopenedonlytheweekbefore.注意：worktheland表示“耕种土地”，相当于growcropsontheland。【仿写】尽管他是班上最好的学生之一，班长仍然刻苦学习，因为他明白学无止境。_intheclass,_hard,forheknowsthereisnoendtolearning.,1)辨析because,forbecause表示理由充分,有必然因果关系,能回答以why引起的问句。,Hewantseveryonetocallhimafarmer,forthatshowheregardshimself.,Whyarentyoucomingwithustotheconcert?BecauseIhavegotabadheadache.你为何不与我们一起去看音乐会？因为我头痛。,for(因为,由于),补充说明理由,不用于句首;不能回答以why引起的问句。如：Theshopwasquitenew,forithadopenedonlytheweekbefore.,since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为”、“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。as是常用词，它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。,_hesaysso,itmustbetrue._itwaslate,Imadehastetogo.Thedaybreaks_thesunrises.Thedaybreaks,_thebirdsaresinging.,since,As,because,for,2.Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.(P10)【分析】这是一个复合句，主句的主语是_，likethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers是介词短语作_，forwhom引导的定语从句修饰millionsofChinesefarmers。注意：关系代词位于介词之后，指人时要用whom，指物时要用which。【仿写】的确，他的相貌举止很像他的哥哥，过去几年里他和哥哥一直在为邻居做好事Indeed,hisappearanceandmannersare_,_gooddeedsfortheirneighborinthepastfewyears.,3.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.【分析】本句中动词不定式(togrowrice)作定语,修饰thefirstagriculturalpioneer。不定式放在表示次序的词thefirst,thelast,thebest以及theonly,thevery,theright等词后面,且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：thefirst/last/best/only/very/right.+n.+todosth.表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的做某事的人/物”。他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。Thelastmantoleavethesinkingshipwasthecaptain.,4.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.(金榜P28-1)【分析】makeit+宾语补足语+动词不定式,it做形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。it做形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:consider,think,make,find,believe,count,declare,deem,fancy,feel,guess,imagine,judge,prove,see,show,suppose,understand,take等。【翻译】这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。【高考链接】Wefeel_ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.(天津2011)A.itB.thisC.thatD.one,5.Theseincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworldspeoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandintheworld.(P10)【分析】这是一个复合句，主句是_，that引导了一个_从句。注意：“百分数或分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与该名词的数要保持一致。【翻译】这一粮食产量的增加意味着中国仅仅7%的耕地养活了世界22%的人口。【仿写】收集到的资料表明超过20%的野生动物已经在森林里消失。Thecollectedinformationshowsthatmorethan_intheforest.,Words,1.regardregard.as.;将.认为Weregardedherasthebestwriteramongus.in/withregardtosb./sth.关于,至于acountryslawsinregardtohumanrights一个国家关于人权的法律,2.Inmanyways,heisoneofthem,andhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecadestohelpthem.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语(1)already,yet,ever,just,recently,lately,never,before(adv.)Theboyhasalready/justgothome.,Ihaventheardfromhimyet/recently/lately.Ihaveseentheoldmansomewherebefore.,(2)since/forIhavelivedinBeijingsince2000.IhavelivedinBeijingsinceIarrivedhere.IhavelivedinBeijingfor5years.,struggle(金榜P19-1)v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争n.(为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗strugglewith与斗争strugglefor为争取而斗争struggleagainst与斗争；为反对而斗争struggletodosth.(=makegreateffortstodosth.)努力做某事struggletoonesfeet挣扎着站起来eg:Shestruggledtokeepbackthetears.她努力忍住泪水。Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneontime为使工作按时完成,我做了一番努力。,完成句子我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。Weshouldhelpthosewhoarestill_他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。Theyhadto_Answers:strugglingforindependencestrugglewith/againstallkindsofdifficulties,3.Expand（金榜P20-3）v.扩大；扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；阐述；使变大常用结构：o.将扩展/发展成expandon阐述；详谈Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他在正考虑扩大他的生意。Intenyearsthecityspopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。联想拓展:expansionn.展开；膨胀；扩展expansiveadj.广阔的；易膨胀的,4.equip（金榜P21-6）vt.由于;因为（金榜P20-5）Eg:Thankstoyourhelp，muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。拓展:thanksto=becauseof由于多亏Thanksto/Becauseofyoursupport,wewonthegame.eg:由于交通堵塞我迟到了。Thankstothetraffic,Iwaslate.,2.ridof使摆脱/清除（金榜P21-5）ridahouseofmice清除室内老鼠ridoneselfofdebt还清债务ridsb./sth.of摆脱某事/人eg:Youmustridyourselfoftheseold-fashionedideas.你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。联想拓展beridof摆脱getridof摆脱；除掉；去掉eg:Itwontbelongbeforewecanbe/getridofthepestaltogether.不用太久，我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。,3.besatisfiedwith对表示满足或满意Eg:Youvedonewellatschool.Imverysatisfiedwithyou.你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。【考点聚焦】1）近义词组:becontentwith同根词:satisfyvt.满足;使满意;satisfactionn.满意；满足satisfiedadj.（人/表情）感到满足的satisfyingadj.(事物)令人满意的2）besatisfiedtodo对做感到满意。如：Hewassatisfiedtowintherace.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。,4.wouldrather宁愿，宁可wouldrather(not)dowouldrather.than.是常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）（而）不要（愿）”=prefertodo.ratherthandowouldrather从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示。wouldratherhavedone本想做（而实际上未做）,eg:Idratheryoudidnt.(常用来委婉拒绝别人)我希望你不要。HewouldratherstayathomewatchingTV.他宁愿待在家里看电视。Idrathernotgothere.我宁愿不去那里。Idratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.我宁愿你明天来而不是今天来。Idratherhavemadeatelephonecalltohimyesterday.我昨天本想给他打个电话的。,Homework,1.Finishex.1-3onP122.跟踪练习onP22ofJinbang3.PreviewGrammaronJinbangP26-27.,5.DrYuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.,e.g.Idontquiteunderstandwhatyouareexplaining.PleasewatchwhatIamdoingcarefully.,2)What=thething(s)that,1)Super特级，超级,_theemperorsawwasquitedifferentfrom_theoldministertoldhim.A.What,thatB.That,whatC.Which,thatD.All,all,Itisprettywellunderstood_controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how,6.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.,it在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语为toproduce,结构为:动词(make,feel,think,regard)+it+adj+todo.,e.g.WethinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.,Ilike_intheautumnwhenthewhetherisclearandbright.A.ThisB.thatC.itD.one.,7.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.makeit+宾语补足语+动词不定式,it做形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。it做形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:,Weconsideritourdutytosupportgoodleaders.,consider,think,make,find,believe,count,declare,deem,fancy,feel,guess,imagine,judge,prove,see,show,suppose,understand,take等.,Thenewmethodmakesitpossibletocompletethetaskfaster.,Tomfounditveryembarrassingtoberemindedofthelong-standingdebt.Susandeemeditadvisabletokeepthemattersecret.Weallfeelitnicetobeabletovisitthatdistinguisheduniversity.,Whocanproveitwrongtohavea“make-money-quick”mentality?Theguidethought_wrongtoeatmonkeys.A.thisB.itisC.itD.thatwas,8.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestwithoutexpandingtheareaoffields.search=trytofindbylookingfor“搜查”。,Theysearchedeverywherebutcouldnotfindthelostchild.他们各处都找遍了,始终找不到丢失的小孩。Thehomewassearchedbutnoonewasfound.搜查了房屋但一个人也未发现。,search常用的搭配：searchsb./sth.搜查某人/某物searchforsb./sth.搜寻某人/某物searchsth./sb.for搜查某物/某人以寻找insearchof寻找searchout发现,注意：searchsb.指“搜查某人”,指对某人进行搜身。searchforsb.指“搜寻某人”,指为了要找到某人进行搜寻,相当于lookfor。例如：,Thepolicemansearchedthethieftoseewhathehadinhispockets.警察搜查小偷,看他口袋里有什么东西。Thevillagersaresearchingforthemissingchild.村民们正在搜寻那个失踪的孩子。,9.Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.1)thanksto表示“幸亏,多亏”多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语和表语。Thankstoyourhelp，muchtroublewassaved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。,Animalslivingenvironmentshavebeengettingworse_theincreaseinindustrialpollution.A.thankstoB.becauseC.asD.since,2)ridof使摆脱/清除ridahouseofmice清除室内老鼠ridoneselfofdebt还清债务类似用法动词：inform/warn/cureof,Thesalesmanageraskedhismentoinformhimofeverythingconcerningthesalesintime.销售部经理让他手下的人把关于销售量的情况及时报告他。,10.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:(1)倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than.(2)倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as.,(3)倍数+the+名词+of.Thisbuildingisfivetimeshigherthanthatone.这座楼比那座楼高出五倍。Thisbuildingisfivetimesashighasthatone.这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。,Thisbuildingisfivetimestheheightofthatone.这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch,11.Andhewouldratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.wouldrather宁愿，宁可Hedratherworkinthecountryside.用法1：wouldratherthan宁愿而不，与其不如IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.,用法2：wouldratherthan=wouldratherthanFacingtheenemies,oursoldierswoulddieratherthansurrender.面对敌人,我们的战士宁死不屈。Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.我宁可向朋友借钱,也不愿拒绝帮助你。,用法3：wouldrather后面也可跟从句表示主语宁愿某人做某事。这时，从句谓语应用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事；用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事。Idratheryouhadnttoldhimthenewsthatday.,用法4:wouldratherhavedonesth.表示主语要做某事,而结果却事与愿违。Idratherhaveleftanoteonherdesk.我本想留张字条在她的书桌上。(事实上没有),典型例题：-Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?-Which_doyourself?doyouratherB.wouldyouratherC.willyouratherD.shouldyourather,答案Bwouldratherdosth.更喜欢做,1)toomuch与muchtoo的区别toomuch通常位于动词之后,修饰动词,too做much的状语,后面也可接名词。,12.Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmoreratherthanfewertroubles.,Shedoestalktoomuch,doesntshe?Hehastoomuchworktodo.而muchtoo则常用在形容词或副词之前修饰形容词或副词。Thedressismuchtoolongforme.这衣服我穿太长了。Igotintothetaxianddrove