2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit8Adventure学案北师大版.docx

Unit 8 Adventure一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1desert n沙漠，荒原2porter n. 行李搬运工3luggage n. 行李4maximum adj. 最大的，最多的5footprint n. 脚印，足迹6exactly adv. 确切地，精确地7traveller n. 旅行者，旅客8goods n. 商品，物品，货物9wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的10author n. 作者11professor n. 教授12ambition n. 志向，抱负13cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的14distant adj. 远处的；久远的15staff n. 员工，全体工作人员.核心词汇写其形1adventure n. 奇遇，冒险的经历2extra adj. 特别的；额外的3optional adj. 可选择的，非强制的4accommodation n. 住所，住处5risk vt. 冒的危险 6flow vi. 流动，涌出7equipment n. 配备，设备8quantity n. 量，数量9shock vt. 震惊，惊骇10goal n. 目的；目标11function vi. 运转；发挥作用12aim n. 目标；目的13transport n. 运输，运送14shelter n. 遮蔽，庇护所15limit n. 边界；限度.拓展词汇通其变1major adj. 较重要的；较严重的 n. 专业课 majority n大多数2tiring adj. 令人疲劳的tired adj. 疲倦的，厌倦的tire vt. 使疲倦；使疲劳3uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj. 舒服的comfort n& vt. 安慰4differ vi. 不同于，有区别difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的5anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的anxiously adv. 忧虑地，焦虑地anxiety n. 焦虑，不安6extreme adj. 极度的，极端的extremely adv. 极其地，极端地7similarity n. 相似性，类似性similar adj. 相似的similarly adv. 类似地8excitement n. 兴奋，激动excited adj. 激动的，兴奋的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的9various adj. 不同的，各种各样的variety n. 品种；种类；变化vary vi. 变化10preference n. 较喜欢的东西，偏爱prefer v. 喜爱11amaze vt. 使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj. 惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj. 令人惊异的amazement n. 吃惊，惊愕12confuse vt. 使困惑confused adj. 困惑的confusing adj. 令人困惑的confusion n. 混乱；困惑13preparation n. 准备，预备prepare vt. 准备；预备prepared adj. 准备好的14patience n. 耐心；忍耐力patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人patiently adv. 耐心地15observe vt. 观察，观测observation n. 观察16disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件advantage n. 有利条件，长处1.由quantity想到的several 几个couple 一对score 二十dozen 十二个numerous 许多的none 没有hundred 一百million 百万billion 十亿trillion 万亿2.“看”遍天下notice注意到，留心observe 观察watch 观看，关注stare (at) 凝视，盯着看glance (at) 匆匆看一眼；瞥glare (at) 怒视；瞪witness 经历，见证look (at) 看gaze 凝视glimpse 一瞥3.今儿个真“高兴”cheerfulhappygladpleaseddelightedjoyfulmerrynicepleasantagreeable(二)重点短语记牢用活1take_off起飞2in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地4turn_up 出现，到场 5back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)6get_across 使理解(某事)7in_turn 轮流8break_out (坏事)突然发生，爆发9o_prison 把关进监狱10stand_by 坚持(某种说法)11on_ones_way 在途中12break_down 损坏，不能运转13run_out_of 用完，耗尽14carry_on 继续做某事1.“动词across”一览come across(偶然)遇见cut across 抄近路；打断go across 横穿；走过run across 遇到；跑着穿过get across 使理解(某事)2.“stand”短语面面观stand out突出；显眼；引人注目stand for 代表；象征；容忍；主张stand by 袖手旁观；坚持；支持；遵守stand up 站起来stand up for 支持；维护3.run短语一览run into偶然遇见；撞上run after 追赶；追求run out 被用完，用光run out of 用完，用尽run for 竞选(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：too.to.太而不能Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。句型2：表示方位或时间的副词位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。句型3：have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having_great_difficulty_walking接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1All kinds of goods are being transported(运输) to a lot of countries every day.2She went to London with the aim(目标) of finding a job.3(北京卷)To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks(风险), so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.4The data is limited in terms of both quality and quantity(数量)5They made 30 days accommodations(膳宿) for us in the activity during the summer holiday.6We should put away our differences(differ) and work together for our common goal.7Most of us could hardly contain our excitement(excite) when hearing that our team won.8Make sure your sleep environment is quiet, dark, cool, and comfortable(comfort)9The similarity(similar) between the two stories suggests Lowry wrote them both.10The majority(major) of my patients come to me from out of town.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1My father is so good a doctor that he is always patient with his patients and he also has patience with us.He treats us very patiently(patient)2We were amazed at his amazing performance，and other people were also looking at him in amazement(amaze)3The goods in this shop vary from season to season. In winter, there are various kinds of coats while in summer there are a variety of skirts.(vary)4From her confused look, I knew that the confusing speech made her confused(confuse)5It was an anxious moment for us that day.We were waiting anxiously at the gate for the result of the match.Next to us were some girls watching us with anxiety(anxious).选词成篇in order to; on ones way to; take off; stand by; get across1In_order_to experience Southeast Asian culture, Wei Hua and Wei Tong decide to take the plane which 2.takes_off on Sunday to Thailand.Both of them 3.stand_by their opinions, but first they must 4.get_across their ideas to their parents. So they try to persuade their parents to let them do it.5.On_their_way_to Thailand, they will meet their friend, Tom.With his help, they will have no difficulty in communicating with the local people.turn up; break down; run out of; carry on; in turnLast week we joined a summer camp.We drove to the summer camp all the way 6.in_turnUnluckily, on the way our car 7.broke_down and what was worse, we 8.ran_out_of oil.Fortunately, after a while another car 9.turned_up and it was a warmhearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us fix our car. Finally, we can 10.carry_on our journey.完成句子1这条街太窄，大型货车不能通过。The road is too_narrow_to allow the passage of trucks.2门突然开了，冲出来一个高个子男孩。Suddenly the door was opened, and out rushed_a_tall_boy3(北京卷)她很难保持注意力集中。She had_more_difficulty_(in)_keeping focused. differvi.不同，有区别 基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)Because a college community(群体) differs(differ) from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.a. The twins are so alike. Its difficult to tell the difference(differ) between them.b(2019全国卷)Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently(different)British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently(different)能力提升完成句子只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望实现的任何事情有影响。Only when we match our words with actions can_we_make_a_difference_in whatever we hope to accomplish.(1)differ from.in.与在方面不一样(2)difference n. 不同；区别make a difference 有影响；使不相同tell the difference between.and. 区分与的差别(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的be different from.in. 在方面不同(4)differently adv. 不同地 名师点津 不同和相同：不同：differ, be different, vary相同，相似：be the same, be similar/alike anxiousadj.忧虑的，焦急的；挂念的；渴望的，急切的；不安的基础练习单句语法填空(2019天津卷)She was anxious to_know(know) what had happened.a.(2018天津卷)Anxiously(anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.b(北京卷)Anxious(anxiety) all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.If you are worried about your health, share your anxiety(anxious) with your doctor.Children always seem to be anxious for the Childrens Day to come.能力提升完成句子/句式升级我非常担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上都睡不着觉。(普通表达)Im so_anxious_about_the_coming_exam_that I can hardly fall asleep at night.(高级表达)Anxious_about_the_coming_exam,_I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语)(1)be anxious for/about sth.为某事担心(忧虑)be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人) 做某事(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑，担心with anxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地，忧虑地；渴望地佳句背诵 Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.我们有些同学很自信，渴望参加课堂活动，另一些同学则紧张不安。(2018全国卷)名师点津 表示渴望(做)某事的常用短语还有long to do sth./for sth.；desire to do sth./for sth.；be eager to do sth./for sth.；be dying to do sth./for sth.等。 riskvt.冒的危险nC，U危险，风险基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)They were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldnt risk losing(lose) the good opportunity.能力提升完成句子(江苏卷)交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life, but it also_puts_peoples_lives_at_risk(1)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事(2)at risk 有风险；处境危险at the risk of. 冒着的危险run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)put.at risk 让处于危险之中佳句背诵 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他觉得他应该做好每一步的决定，而不是冒险。I dont want to run the risk of losing it.我不想冒着失掉它的风险。 variousadj.不同的；各种各样的基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day.The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.能力提升词汇/句式升级(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of wellequipped facilities.(2018全国卷)(高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, which_has_various/varieties_of/a_variety_of_wellequipped_facilities(定语从句)(1)for various reasons由于种种原因(2)variety n. 变化；多样性；种类a variety ofvarieties of 种类繁多的all kinds of 各种各样的(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化vary from.to.从到不等；在到之间变动 联想发散 “各种各样”表达：various/varieties_of/a_variety_of；all_kinds/sorts/types_of confusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆基础练习单句语法填空I would often get confused(confuse) when I came across new words with a similar spelling.I always confuse John with his brother; they are so much alike.能力提升完成句子我对中国的餐桌礼仪非常困惑， 如果你给我一些在晚宴上如何做到行为得体的建议，我将感激不尽。I am_quite_confused_by_Chinese_table_manners. Id appreciate it if you could give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.confuse.with/and. 混淆；辨别不清be confused by 被弄混；糊涂confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的confusion n. 困惑 佳句背诵 For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会因为选择而感到困惑。(2018江苏卷) quantityn量；数量基础练习单句语法填空a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed(wash) away now.bWith more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is_being_washed(wash) away now.We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam.(高级表达)Before the exam, I spent a_large_quantity_of/a_great_deal_of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam.a large/small quantity of大量/少量的large quantities of 大量的；许多的in quantity 大量地 佳句背诵 Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.专家说，表扬的质量比数量更重要。(2019浙江卷6月)名师点津 (1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词；(2)“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 aimn目标；目的；对准v对准目标，打算基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)All our projects aim to_promote(promote) the development of poor and remote communities.a.(2019北京卷)Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming(aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.b(2017北京卷)She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming/aimed(aim) at getting rid of homelessness.The aim of education is to_teach(teach) young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.(2017北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly(aim) down the treelined street, not knowing where she was heading.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)In order to improve the level of English, we attend English Corner once a week.(高级表达)With_the_aim_of_improving/Aiming_at_improving/Aiming_to_improve the level of English, we attend English Corner once a week.(aim)(1)aim to do sth.旨在做某事aim at doing sth./be aimed at 目的是；旨在(2)take aim at. 瞄准with the aim of 以为目标；意在(3)aimless adj. 无目的的aimlessly adv. 无目的地佳句背诵 This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking.这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。词块助记 aim high志存高远achieve/realize my aim 达到我的目的/实现我的目标a programme aimed at teenagers 针对青少年的节目 observevt.& vi.看到，观察，注意到；遵守(法律，习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)一词多义写出下列句中observe的含义(2019天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.观察(江苏卷)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守Id like to tell you something about how we observe the Spring Festival.庆祝She observed her best friend walking on the opposite side of the road.注意到能力提升完成句子当我经过他的房子时，我看到他正在院子里玩耍。When I passed by his house, I observed_him_playing in the yard.刚才他被看到拿着一本书走进了办公室。He was_observed_to_enter the office with a book in his hand just now.observe sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事observe sb.do sth. 看到某人做了某事observe sb./sth. done 看到某人/物被佳句背诵 Also known as TombSweeping Day, the Qingming Festival is usually observed around April 5 and is a time for honoring deceased family relatives. 清明节，也就是人们熟知的扫墓日，通常在4月5日左右，人们常在这一天祭祀亡故的亲人。名师点津 observe作“观察； 注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.ing形式作宾语补足语； 但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。类似的词还有see, watch, notice, hear, feel，make等。 limitvt.限制；限定n界限；限度基础练习单句语法填空There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving(serve) the people.(2019江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited(limit) resources.I have limitless(limit) hopes and confidence in my university, like to my future.能力提升完成句子他的英语水平非常有限以至于不能理解以英语为母语的人说的话。His English is_so_limited_that he cant understand what the native speakers say.(1)limit.to. 把限制在内(2)set a limit to. 对规定限度there is a/no limit to.对是有限的/无限的(3)limited adj. 有限的limitless adj. 无限的 佳句背诵 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.文章的长度限制在约400词。 (全国卷)名师点津 上述搭配中to均为介词，后跟名词或v.ing形式作宾语。 take off脱下；移去；(飞机)起飞；休假；开始成功一词多义写出下列句中take off的含义(2018全国卷)I took off my Tshirt and dived into the water.脱掉(陕西卷)When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.起飞(江苏卷)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.开始成功(四川卷)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.休假take up占去，占据(时间、地位等)take down 记下；拆卸take in 吸收；接待；欺骗；理解take on 呈现；雇用；接纳take over 接管，接任语段背诵 After taking up the job as a manager, he took down many scientific methods and took in many skilled workers. Soon the company took on a new look, which suggested the company would soon take off. turn up出现；到场；开大；调高；发现；向上翻基础练习用turn的相关短语填空Things turned_out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_downThe moment the bell rang, all the students turned_in their papers immediately.I often turn_to my classmates or teachers for help.As a result, I have made great progress in my studies.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Some famous Chinese artists will appear and perform at the exhibition.(2017全国卷)(高级表达)Some famous Chinese artists will turn_up and perform at the exhibition.turn down拒绝；关小；调低turn in 上交；自首turn out 结果是；证明是；生产；制造turn over 翻身；移交；转变turn off 关掉turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 佳句背诵 Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.别着急，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。联想发散 “出现，到场”短语荟萃：turn_up；show_up；be_present_at get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路，河等)基础练习单句语法填空I called all day yesterday，but I couldnt get through to you.The girl has been looking for a chance to get away from the beggars.It is hard for the poor young man to get over the difficulty this time.能力提升完成句子如果我们克服了目前的困难， 那么一切都应该会好起来。If we can get_over_our_present_difficulties,_then everything should be all right.这儿有他许多朋友。他曾经在这些朋友的帮助下摆脱了困境。He has a great many friends here, with whose help he once got_away_from difficult situations.get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down to 开始认真处理/对待，开始做get over 克服get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完佳句背诵 Whether we are buying, selling, consulting, or simply trying to obtain information, we will need to get across ideas to an audience we are not used to dealing with.无论是做买卖、协商，还是仅仅获得信息，我们都需要使那些我们从未与之打过交道的人弄明白我们的意思。 break down分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；打破，消除一词多义写出下列句中break down的含义(陕西卷)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障If Tim carries on working like this, hell break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉(湖北卷)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解(天津卷)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.消除(湖北卷)He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.失控break in强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴break into 闯入，破门而入break out 爆发，突然发生break through 突破；克服，战胜break up 解散；结束；拆散break away 突然离开；突然挣脱佳句背诵 Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down.妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会垮掉的。 run out of用尽；用完基础练习用run的相关短语填空(2019北京卷)If they run_out_of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed.In the future, care for the environm