2020春新教材高中英语 Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——不定式（短语）作目的状语学案 新人教版必修第三册

section discovering useful structures不定式(短语)作目的状语一、不定式(短语)作目的状语不定式(短语)作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。1to do.为了这种形式可置于句首(起强调作用，有逗号与句子隔开)或句尾(通常不用逗号隔开)。在句首时常译为“为了”；在句尾时常译作“以便，目的是”。to catch the early bus，i got up early this morning.为了赶上早班车，我今天早上很早就起床了。we work hard to be admitted to a key university.我们努力学习，目的是考上重点大学。名师提醒不定式(短语)表示的是主语的目的，因此其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。译为了画好地图，你需要一支特殊的钢笔。误to draw maps properly，a special pen is needed.正to draw maps properly，you need a special pen.2in order to do.为了这种形式更能突出目的性，既可以置于句首又可以置于句尾。in order to lose weight，he takes exercise like crazy.he takes exercise like crazy in order to lose weight.为了减肥，他拼命锻炼。3so as to do.为了这种形式与in order to do.一样突出目的性，但so as to do.不能置于句首。he closed the window so as to keep warm.为了保暖他关上了窗户。名师提醒不定式的否定式均是在to前加not。we had better hurry up in order/so as not to be late for class.为了不上课迟到，我们最好快点。4不定式的复合结构作目的状语当不定式(短语)有自己的执行者时，需用不定式的复合结构for sb to do作状语。he opened the door for the children to come in.他打开门以便孩子们进来。5目的状语从句与不定式的转换不定式(短语)作目的状语可以与目的状语从句相互转换。(1)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如：we dressed up in order that/so that we could start early.we dressed up in order to/so as to start early.我们穿戴整齐以便早点动身。(2)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。i came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.i came early for you to read my report before the meeting.我早点来是为了你在会前可以看我的报告。巩固内化1(1)选出不定式作目的状语的句子we must do everything we can to help them.he left，never to return.to do a good job，we must have the right tools.we jumped with joy to hear the news.she was too young to understand all that.she studied very hard to get high grades.many farmers fertilize their crops in order to make them grow more quickly.we plant trees every year so as to protect the soil on the hill.答案，(2)一句多译我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。well hold a meeting to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.well hold a meeting in_order_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.well hold a meeting so_as_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle. in_order_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting. to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle，well hold a meeting.巩固内化2同义句转换we stayed in beijing so that/in order that we could visit the birds nest.we stayed in beijing so_as_to/in_order_to_visit the birds nest.we will do everything in order that/so that they can live happily.we will do everything for_them_to_live_happilywell hold a meeting for you to know the programme.well hold a meeting in_order_that you can know the programme.单句语法填空1to_keep (keep) fit，she takes exercise every day.2i ran all the way so_as_not_to_be/not_to_be (not be) late for the important meeting.3can we catch the first train for shanghai?sure，but to_get (get) to the station in time，well set off one hour earlier than usual.4to_make (make) this cake，you will need 2 eggs，175g sugar and 175g flour.5many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to_save (save) their valuable time.6the government set up a working party to_look (look) into the problem.7what do you think we can do to_comfort (comfort) her?8the children talked so loudly at dinner table that i had to shout to_be_heard (hear)9im writing to_invite (invite) you to see the chinese papercutting exhibition.10to_compete (compete) more effectively with others，more and more people equip themselves with a better education.补全句子1to_be_a_good_teacher，one must first be a good person.要做一名好老师，先要做一个好人。2in_order_to/to_save_the_drowning_child，he lay down his own life.为了救落水儿童，他付出了自己的生命。3the boy worked very hard in_order/so_as_to_make_up_for the lost time.这个男孩非常努力，为的是弥补失去的时间。4we turned the lights off in_order/so_as_not_to_waste electricity.为了不浪费电，我们关了那些灯。5more tv programs，according to government officials，will be produced to_raise_peoples_concern over food safety.据政府官员说，还要制作更多的电视节目以提高人们对食品安全的关注。6she reads china daily every day to_improve_her_english为了提高英语，她每天读中国日报。7to_help_the_students to learn chinese better，our school has decided to donate some books to your chinese class.为了帮助学生学好汉语，