2020春新教材高中英语 Unit 8 EREEN LIVING Section Ⅳ Lesson 3学案 北师大版必修第三册

section lesson 31discussionlook at the following pictures, and discuss what they are about.they_are_about_shared_bikes_and_lowcarbon_lifestyle.2predictionread the title and look at the pictures on page 36 37 and predict what the text is probably about.the_text_is_mainly_about_“white_bikes”_in_amsterdam.1first readingread the text and answer the following questions.(1)why is amsterdam a good city for cycling?_because_its_flat_and_therefore_is_convenient_for_bikes(2)when did the“ white bikes ” return to amsterdam?in_1999.(3)what effects have“ white bikes ” had on amsterdam?people_can_now_enjoy_clean_air_and_easy_transport_in_central_amsterdam.2second readingread the text carefully and choose the best answer.(1)amsterdam is called the “ city of bicycles” because of _athe cycling fans therebthe appearance of bicyclescthe quality of bicyclesdthe convenience for bicycles(2)in the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could _. ahelp to save energybbe specially designedcbe placed anywheredbe painted in different colours(3)why did the first “ white bike” plan fail?apeople were tired of riding bikes.bthere were not enough parking places.cthieves took all the bikes within weeks.dthe government allowed people to drive cars freely.(4)what do people use if they want to take a “ white bike” in the city? aa white key.ba special card.ca special computer.da common chip.答案(1)d(2)a(3)c(4)b3third readingread the text carefully and fill in the form.timefacts about “white bikes” in amsterdamin the 1960s,a group of cycling fans believed that it would be better for everybody if cars werent allowed in_the_city_centre and only bicycles were. they painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas for people to use. soon after, the “white bikes” all disappearedin 1999the “white bikes” returned_to amsterdam.and a computer tracking_system was used to record its every move.the new “white bikes” were not actually white but designed with bright colours and were parked at special_parking_placesnowthe idea of “white bikes” has spread_around_the_world and there has been a_global_increase in bikesharing. in china, more and more cities have their own “white bikes ” programmes. however, problems also develop and people are trying different ways to find the solutions to the problems. 1thinking and discussing：why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years?_the_answer_is_open.2make a summary of the text using your own words._the_answer_is_open.共享单车相关词1bicyclesharing/shared bikes共享单车2ride a bicycle/take a ride/cycle骑自行车3unlock the smart lock解开智能锁4illegal parking乱停乱放 5random parking随机停车6bicycle damage车辆损坏如何进行细节阅读1by understanding the sentences in general.2by underlining the key words in the text.3by paying attention to the important points, facts, figures, etc.4by making marks while reading.5by taking notes while reading.语言现象感知.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1amsterdam is a good city for cycling because its flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.n.骑自行车_adj.平坦的2soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappearedthieves stole them all in a matter of weeks！vi.消失3thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination and leave them there.n.目的地；终点.词块积累写出下列词块的含义1plenty of places for bicycle parking很多可以停放自行车的地方2come up with an idea想出一个办法3reduce pollution减少污染4soon after不久以后5in a matter of weeks在几周的时间内6a computer tracking system计算机跟踪系统7thanks to由于，幸亏8a global increase全球性增长9enjoy the benefits of exercise享受锻炼的好处10parking issues停放问题.句式欣赏1that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句they believed that it would be better for everybody if cars werent allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.2不定式短语作后置定语both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bikesharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.单词语境记忆根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1we eventually arrived at our destination(目的地)2i was ill, and therefore(因此) i could not come.3in many towns parking(停车) is allowed only on one side of the street.4this is the only path(小径) through the forest.5microcomputers have been used in radar tracking(跟踪)6the sun _disappeared (appear) behind a cloud.7if it is convenient (convenience) to you, please go for my party this sunday.8im _hopeful (hope) that theyll finish the task on time.短语语境填空根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1is this the best answer that you can come_up_with(想出)?2i need plenty_of(充裕的)time to finish the work.3soon_after(不久之后), in 1945, they were married.4thanks_to(多亏)his encouragement, i finally realized my dream.5if it is_convenient_for(对方便)you, well come tomorrow.6i expect something to come_about(发生)soon.句式语境仿写1people would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。仿写请打开窗户，以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。 please open the window so_that_we_can_breathe_fresh_air2to take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。仿写为了完成我的工作，我上周五加班到深夜。to_finish_my_work,_i worked overtime late into the night last friday.记单词词缀助记派生词1形容词后缀：ent ，fulconvenience (n.)convenient (adj.) hope (n.)hopeful (adj.)2名词后缀：ing, tionpark (v.)parking (n.)track (v.)tracking (n.)solve (v.)solution (n.)3否定前缀：disappear (v.)disappear (v.)agree (v.) disagree (v.)like (v.) dislike (v.)cover (v.) discover (v.)句型公式1so that引导目的状语从句。2to do不定式作目的状语。1.disappear vi.消失；不见 disappearance n消失；不见soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared.(教材p37)然而，不久后问题出现了，“白色自行车全部消失不见了”合作探究体会disappear的用法和意义many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在快速绝种。he disappeared into the dark.他消失在黑暗中。i watched her disappear from my horizon.我看着她从我的视线消失。the sun disappeared behind the clouds.太阳消失在云丛后面。自主发现disappear _into消失在中disappear from 从消失disappear behind 消失在后面巩固内化完成句子might the computers disappear_from the earth in the near future?电脑在不久的将来有可能从地球上消失吗？she made a bow and disappeared_behind the curtain.她鞠了一个躬，就退到幕后去了。the magician made the rabbit disappear_into the hat.魔术师让兔子在帽子里消失了。2.provide vt.提供；供应they were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.(教材p36)他们希望这将有助于节约能源、减少污染和提供免费的公共交通。合作探究体会provide的用法和意义she provided her father with all the food and money he wanted.她给她父亲提供他所需要的食物和钱。he was very poor because he had to provide for five children.他很穷，因为他要抚养五个孩子。自主发现provide sb with sth为某人提供某物provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物provide for 抚养；供养巩固内化完成句子/一句多译he provided_for_his_family by selling newspapers. 他靠卖报来养活他的家人。did your parents provide_food_and_clothes_for_you in the university?did your parents provide_you_with_food_and_clothes in the university?你父母供给你在大学的衣食了吗？1.come up with想出，想到in the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.(教材p36)20世纪60年代，一群自行车爱好者想到了一个主意。短语记牢记牢下列短语come up走近；上来；被提出come about 发生；产生come across 遇见；(偶然)发现come out 出来；出版come to 苏醒；总计；达到when it comes to.(to为介词) 当谈到he came up with a really creative solution to the problem.他找到一个真正具有创造性的解决问题方案。can you tell me when it came about？你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗？i came across my old friend at the office yesterday.昨天在办公室，我偶然碰见了我的老朋友。when it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful.一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。,巩固内化单句语法填空we came up with an interesting idea.if i know how it came _about,_i will tell you.i came across my college roommate yesterday.when it comes to educating (educate) children, the chinese parents think little of money.his income comes to one hundred thousand yuan a year.2.thanks to幸亏；由于；因为thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”， you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central amsterdam.(教材p37)多亏了许多人的想法和努力，比如20世纪60年代的自行车爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受干净的空气和便捷的交通。短语记牢记牢下列短语thanks for因而感谢thanks a lot 非常感谢；多谢many thanks 多谢，十分感谢thanks for your help.非常感谢您对我的帮助。many thanks for your invitation.非常感谢你的邀请。thanks a lot for everything you did for me.非常感谢你为我做的一切。巩固内化单句语法填空/一句多译thanks to the disease, i have the opportunity to improve my character.thanks _for your umbrella.非常感谢你的支持！thanks_a_lot for your support!many_thanks for your support！1.people would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.(教材p36)人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。句式解读句中so that引导目的状语从句，从句中含有情态动词could。用法总结(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。i will leave so that you can concentrate on your work.我这就走，以便让你专心工作。he came in quietly so that he wouldnt wake his wife up.他轻轻地进来，为了不把他的妻子吵醒。(2)so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。i got up early, so that i caught the first bus.我起得很早，所以赶上了第一班公共汽车。suddenly it began to rain heavily，so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.突然下起了大雨，几乎无法继续开车。名师提醒in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，常与so that互换，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。巩固内化完成句子/同义句转换we must study harder so_that_we_could_realize_our_dreams_earlier为了早日实现我们的梦想，我们要更加努力地学习。they started out early, so_that_they_didnt_miss_the_train他们早早就出发了，所以没误火车。he left early in order that he could avoid the traffic jam.he left early so_that he could avoid the traffic jam.2.to take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card.(教材p37)要骑自行车，你必须放入一张特别的卡。句式解读句中to take a bicycle为不定式短语作目的状语。用法总结动词不定式作目的状语通常译为“为了”，主要有以下三种结构形式：结构形式位置说明(not) to do.,句首、句尾位于句首时，表示强调目的。in order (not)to do.句首、句尾,这种结构形式更能突出目的性，为了表示强调，常置于句首。so as (not) to do.句尾这种结构形式也是为了突出状语的目的性，与第二种结构形式所不同的主要是位置的区别。they worked hard to get good marks in the final exams.为了在期终考试中得到好分数，他们很用功。they took exercise every day to keep healthy.他们为了保持健康每天运动。in order to learn spoken english well, he often talks with american friends.为了学好口语他常常和美国朋友交谈。lily saw many chinese films so as to know more about china.莉莉看了很多中国电影以便更多地了解中国。巩固内化单句语法填空/一句多译mr.zhang does what he can _to_help (help) us improve our english.我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。well hold a meeting to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.well hold a meeting in_order_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.we ll hold a meeting so_as_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle.to/in_order_to_discuss the unhealthy lifestyle, well hold a meeting.课文语法填空amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1.cycling (cycle) because its flat.cycling fans in amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.they painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody 2.to_use (use) because they were 3.hopeful(hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.4.unfortunately (fortunate), in a matter of weeks, the “ white bikes” all 5.disappeared (disappear)in the 1990s，“white bikes” returned to amsterdamthis time with some hightech security measures, for example a computer tracking system.now bikesharing programmes 6.like “white bikes ” have become popular all around the world, 7.including(include) china, 8.where more and more people use shared bikes in cities.but problems do sometimes develop, like the stealing of bikes and 9.parking(park) issues.however, people are trying different ways 10.to_find (find) solutions to those problems.根据提示完成课堂小作文李先生被邀请到森林里去野餐。但是当他到达目的地 (destination) 的时候，他发现没有停车 (parking) 场，因此(therefore) 他不得不把自行车停在路 (path) 边。不幸的是，当他野餐结束之后，他发现他的自行车不见 (disappear) 了。为了防止这种情况再次发生，他想出 (come up with) 了一个解决办法 (solution) 设计一个跟踪 (tracking) 系统。从那以后，他的自行车再也没有被偷过。mr.li_was_invited_to_have_a_picnic_in_the_forest.but_when_arriving_at_the_destination,_he_found_that_there_was_not_a_parking_lot.therefore,_he_had_to_park_his_bike_by_the_side_of_the_path.unfortunately,_when_he_finished_the_picnic,_he_found_that_his_bike_disappeared.to_prevent_this_from_happening_again,_he_came_up_with_a_solutiondesigning_a_tracking_system.since_then,_his_bike_has_never_been_stolen_again.名词用作动词一、在英文中，有许多“名词活用作动词”的现象。或者说，这些单词本身就有动词的意思，只是我们在学习这些单词的时候通常只接触了其名词的意思。举个最简单的例子“man”这个单词，我们都知道是人、男人的意思，但它也可以作动词，有操作、配置人员、使增强勇气、拿出男子气概等意思。you need to man up and own up to your mistake.你要像个男人一样承认自己的错误。二、熟练掌握这种名词和动词之间的转换具有非常重要的意义，对于我们英语水平的提高也至关重要。它的主要作用体现在：1让语言更加简洁比如说表示“我坐公共汽车去上班”这个意思，你可以说“i take a bus to work”也可以说“i bus to work”。当bus作动词时既包含了乘坐这个动作，又包含了所乘坐的交通工具，所以可以帮助省略不必要的take，让说话写作更加简洁明了。2使语言更加生动比如corner这个单词，名词意思是角落、墙角，动词的意思则有转弯、垄断、使为难等等。with this new technology, we are going to corner the market within the next two years.有了这项新科技，我们将在未来两年垄断市场。当corner这个单词作垄断意思解释的时候非常形象，想象一下一家公司把所有竞争者都逼到了墙角，这不就是垄断吗？还有个单词entrance，名词解释是入口，但当它作动词时就变成了使着迷、欣喜若狂。想象一下某个事物可以进入你的心灵，让你为之心动。her beauty entrances him.她的美丽让他痴迷。所以如果能做到名词的动词活用，可以使英文的语句更加具有画面感。3使语言更加地道比如我们要用英文表达“他著有两本畅销小说”。你当然可以说“he has written two bestselling novels”，但这里的write让人感觉只是“写”，而没有“著”，所以会显得不够书面，不够地道。如果用authored来取代written就可以准确地表达出句子。英文单词中名词作动词的情形远远不止以上的例子。比如还有一组植物的名词，像花flower、杂草weed、植物plant、种子seed、根root等等都可以作动词使用，分别是成熟、除草、种植、播种、固定的意思。 随着人类社会的不断前进，语言也不断地向前发展，旧词少用，新词产生，语言变得越来越生动、形象，富于表现力和丰富多彩。人们常常用转化法、合成法、派生法等来创造新词。所谓转化法，就是词类转化，或叫词性转化，即利用某些词本身固有的特点，把原属于一类词性的词转化成另一种词类，即一种词类不经过任何词态变化而有意地作另一类词使用，同时又没有失去原有词内在的意思。巩固内化写出下列加黑单词的词义he intends to voyage across the indian ocean.渡过she is outdoors gardening every afternoon.做园艺stop mothering her, she is 30 years old and can take care of herself perfectly well.溺爱a dog was nosing at the dustbin.嗅they stormed the speaker with questions.猛攻he was angry and mouthed all the food on the table.吃john was chosen to head the research group to do the work.率领the child was eyeing the chocolate cake.盯着看smoking can cause lung cancer.导致they were unwilling to back the plan.支持.写出下列加黑单词的词义1the river snakes its way across the wood.蜿蜒/曲折前行2he fished out the key from his pocket.摸索、探寻3he hired a housekeeper to nurse the old house inherited from his grandfather.看护，照料4she always likes to boss people around.管理，指挥5will you hand me the pencil please？传递6you need to skin the potatoes before cooking them.去除皮/骨头7the actors bowed as the audience applauded.鞠躬，致敬8we usually ship goods on the same day if you place the order before 4 pm.运送9dont baby your kids; it wont benefit them in the long run.溺爱，娇惯10i got up late this morning, so i had to wolf my breakfast to avoid being late for class.狼吞虎咽.用所给名词的动词完成句子1id like to book_three_seats_for tonights concert.(book)我想为今晚的音乐会预订三个座位。2could you help me address_these_envelopes? (address)帮我给这些信封写地址好吗？3the computer has_been_programmed(programme)计算机已编好程序。4he is_vacationing in the countryside.(vacation)他正在乡下度假。5he placed_the_books in order on the shelf.(place)他把书按顺序摆在书架上6shall i sugar_the_milk for you? (sugar)我给你的牛奶加糖好吗？7they have husbanded_their_farms_very well.(husband)他们把农场管理得很好。8you must pressure_him_to_do it.(pressure)你必须强迫他做这件事。9mr.smith has_authored_a_book on aids.(author)史密斯先生写了一本关于艾滋病的书。10we must limit_the_amount_of_money we spend.(limit)我们必须限定花钱的数量。.单词拼写1we do not have enough money.therefore(因此)，we can not afford to buy the new car.2they went out for a walk on the flat path(小径)3the snow will soon _disappear(消失)when the warm weather comes.4this is how he reached the destination(目的地)5with our product you can do tv programs tracking(跟踪)and much more!6they provided(提供)some necessary support for the sufferers.单句语法填空1i dont think it is convenient for him to_meet (meet) her at the station.2they dont allow parking (park) in this street.3they watched the train until it disappeared (disappear) in the distance.4i see other trains coming and going.i also do not know their destinations (destination)5thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved.6i hope you can come up with a better plan than this.7the little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on mothers day.8the doctors are busy doing what they can to_save (save) the dying man.阅读理解seal island is a 200meter long island in south africa, which is surrounded by 55 to 57 degrees fahrenheit waters and covered with over 60，000 seals and some birds.this island has been home to many birds and seals.you may think this island is a paradise.in fact, the island is not famous for the seals or birds.however, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting. you may think that there is no way for a 15foot long, 3，000pound shark to hurl its body out of the water and catch a seal in midair.actually, these sharks are called “air jaws”over the years, the seals have gotten smarter.now, they go out in groups of seven and eight to feed.they swim down on the sea floor, which gives them extra camouflage (掩饰)when they have to swim near the water surface, they swim in a zigzag (之字形的) pattern.but with all these tricks, they can still be outwitted (以智取胜) by the sharks.usually, the sharks will take one seal away from its group and force it to swim on the surface, where it is easy to hunt.sometimes, the seal is lucky and gets away, but most of them die in the pr