2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 School life学案 牛津译林版必修1

unit 1 school life一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1literature n文学2extra adj.额外的，外加的3academic adj.学业的，学术的4former adj.以前的5splendid adj.极佳的，非常好的6independent adj.独立的7somehow adv.不知为什么；不知怎么地8broadcast vt.& n.广播，播放9event n.(重要)事件；社交活动；比赛项目10generation n.一代，一代人.核心词汇写其形1experience n& vt.经历，体验2respect n& vt.尊敬，敬重3average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的4struggle n.难事；斗争；努力vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎5exchange n& vt.交换；交流6kindness n.善意7inform vt.通知，告知8charge n.负责，掌管vt.使承担责任；收费9outing n.短途旅行，远足10composition n.作品；成分.拓展词汇通其变1devote vt.致力于；献身devoted adj.忠实的，挚爱的devotion n献身，忠诚，热爱2encouragement n鼓励encourage vt.鼓励，激励encouraging adj.鼓励的；促进的courage n勇气，胆量3enjoyable adj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的enjoy vt.喜欢，享受4challenging adj.具有挑战性的challenge n& v挑战5satisfaction n满意satisfy vt.使满意satisfied adj.满意的satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的6fluent adj.流利的fluently adv.流利地fluency n流利7donate vt.捐赠donation n捐赠，捐款donator n捐赠者8approve vt.& vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意approval n批准，赞成9preparation n准备，筹备prepare v把准备好，筹备prepared adj.有准备的10graduation n毕业graduate vi.毕业 n毕业生1.“普通/一般/正常”表达种种average user一般用户ordinary family 普通家庭common sense 常识2词根“spect(look)”词集锦respect n& vt.尊敬，敬重aspect n.外表；方面3.“en前缀adj./n.”构成的动词courageencourage鼓励ableenable 使能够largeenlarge 使扩大sureensure 确保；担保dangerendanger 危及4.牢记“同意”“反对”高频词approve vt.& vi. 赞成support n& vt.拥护agree vi.同意disagree vi.不同意object vi.反对(二)重点短语记牢用活1for_free免费；无偿地2make_sure确保，保证3make_use_of利用，使用4be_fond_of喜欢，喜爱5look_back_(on)回忆，回顾6on_average平均，一般地7in_charge_of负责，掌管8be_happy_with对满足9take_good_care_of好好照顾10devote.to.把奉献给11used_to_do_sth.过去常常做某事12first_of_all首先13be_available_for有用的，空闲的14at_the_end_of在的结尾或结束15become_interested_in变得对感兴趣16struggle_against/with与作斗争17more_than不仅仅是；超过；非常18come_up_with提出1.“喜欢”种种表达be fond of 喜欢care for 喜欢fall in love with 爱上be crazy about 对着迷be keen on 喜爱2.“通常，一般而言”说法种种as a rule通常，一般说来in general 通常，一般而言generally (speaking) 一般地(说)on (the) average 一般地3.“devote.to(介词)”朋友圈adapt.to.使适应；使配合adjust.to.调节以适应addict.to.使对上瘾apply.to.把应用于prefer.to.喜欢胜过attach.to.把附在上(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：“it isn.to do sth.”结构中it替代动词不定式作形式主语we also had different students in some classes, so it_was_a_struggle_for_me_to_remember all the faces and names.我们在一些课上有不同的学生，所以对我来说，记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。句型2：upon/onn./doing 一就upon_finishing his studies, he started travelling in china.一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。句型3：the more.，the better.为“the比较级，the比较级”结构，意为“越，越”the_more choices you have, the_better your decisions will be.你的选择越多，你做的决定就越好。句型4：so.that.如此以至于i was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that i soon stopped worrying.起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1most of his adult life has been a losing struggle(斗争) against debt and misfortune.2(2018全国卷)only when you come to china can you experience(体验) chinese food culture.3einstein was one of the greatest scientists respected(尊敬) by the people all over the world.4she is so independent(独立的) that she refused all others help.5it is very important to teach the children how to deal with others kindness(善良) and rudeness.6(2018全国卷)on march 19, dennis got a group text informing(inform) him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby.7i shook hands and exchanged(exchange) a few words with the manager after the meeting.8one of the biggest challenges(challenge) the government is now faced with is how to improve the air quality.9if we hadnt made adequate preparations(prepare), the conference wouldnt have been so successful.10the chairman has also given his approval(approve) for an investigation into the case.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1i can speak english fluently,_so my deskmate admires my fluent english very much and i usually feel encouraged by his compliments.(fluency)2the result of the experiment was very satisfying. not only did we feel satisfied with it, but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction(satisfy)3thanks to your encouragement,_i made continuous and encouraging progress in math, and finally i decided to study it in the university.(encourage)4few people are able to devote themselves fully to their careers. once they are devoted to them, their devotion must bring them a big success.(devote)5to tell the truth, the teacher didnt make good preparations for his lessons. i had no choice but to be prepared to study by myself.(prepare)6bill gates has donated a large sum of money to society. and he is highly respected for his donations(donate).选词成篇look back on; be fond of; make full use of; in charge of; on average; devote oneself to; for freelast year three of us went to a remote village to teach the children 1.for_free who were ten years old 2.on_average. each of us was 3.in_charge_of 30 students. difficult as the conditions were, we 4.made_full_use_of the resources and 5.devoted_ourselves_to teaching them. to our delight, they 6.were_fond_of learning english. how time flies! it has been half a year since we were there. whenever we 7.look_back_on the time we spent together, we feel happy with what we did and miss the lovely children.more than; used to; make sure; take good care ofaccording to a survey conducted by china daily, in china, 8.more_than 80% of the old people are 9.taken_good_care_of,_which delights us all. these years, the government has taken all measures to 10.make_sure the elderly can be looked after properly. in the past, people 11.used_to think they would have many difficulties when they became old, but this problem is gone forever thanks to the leadership of the communist party.完成句子1(2017全国卷)每首唐诗都与一个故事相关，因此对你来说理解它们比较容易。each tang poem is attached to a story, so its_easier_for_you_to_understand_them2我们一到达机场，就受到当地人的热烈欢迎。upon/on_arriving at the airport, we were given a warm welcome by the local people.3你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。the_more_careful_you_are,_the fewer mistakes you will make.4那时我很忙，以至于三天没睡觉。i was_so_busy_at_that_time_that i didnt go to sleep for three days. experiencevt.经历，体验nu经验；c经历基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错a.(2019全国卷) our hosts shared many of their experiences(experience) and recommended wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. b(2019全国卷) these dogs were well trained by their masters who had a great experience with caring for these animals.删除awelcome you to come here to_experience(experience) our traditional chinese culture.(2017全国卷)as to the activities, we plan to invite experienced(experience) players to give training to us every friday afternoon. 能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)i am_very_experienced_in/have_much_experience_in(非常有经验) doing this kind of job and i will gain_a_lot_of_experience(获得很多经验) from it.(高级表达)i_am_very_experienced_in/have_much_experience_in_doing_this_kind_of_job,_from_which_i_will_gain_a_lot_of_experience.(非限制性定语从句) (1)have experience in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面有经验from/by experience凭经验in/from ones experience根据某人的经验看(2)experienced adj.有经验的，熟练的be experienced in 在方面有经验 佳句背诵 considering his ability, and experience, he might have done better.考虑到他的能力和经验，他应该能做得更好。(江西卷)名师点津 experience作名词“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。作动词讲时意为“体验，经历”，是及物动词。词块助记work/working experience工作经验experience hardship经历困难an experienced teacher一位有经验的老师 respectn尊重；敬意，问候(pl.)；方面vt.尊敬；尊重；遵守基础练习单句语法填空(2018全国卷)in china, we attach great importance to showing respect for the elderly.she has always been honest with me, and i respect her for that.a.china is developing very rapidly in all respects(respect) and were all proud of our motherland.bplease send them my respects(respect) when you write to your family.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)because the old professor was respected by everyone, he decided to make great contributions to the country.(高级表达) with_everyone_respecting_him,_the old professor decided to make great contributions to the country.(with复合结构)(1)respect sb. for.因尊敬某人(2)show/have respect for对表示尊重/尊敬give/send ones respects to代某人向问候 out of respect for出于对的尊敬；顾及佳句背诵 chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out of respect for farmers labor.中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。词块助记 respect the traffic rules遵守交通规则win the respect of sb.赢得某人的尊重 devotev为付出时间/努力/金钱等基础练习单句语法填空(2019浙江卷6月)i still remember what you have devoted to improving(improve) my oral english and english writing.a.(湖南卷)you will never gain success unless you are fully devoted(devote) to your work.bwe expressed our gratitude to the people devoted(devote) to protecting the ecology in the area.c(2017天津卷)he is a devoted(devote) father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.a teachers devotion(devote) to education deserves great respect of the whole public because it brings benefits to the development of society.能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)jane devotes_herself_to_teaching(致力于教育) the deaf children and she has little time to care for her own daughter.(高级表达)devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)(1)devote.to (doing) sth.把献给；把致力于devote oneself to致力于；献身于；专心于(2)devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的be devoted to (doing) sth.献身于(做)某事；专心致志于(做)某事(3)devotion n.深爱；奉献佳句背诵 i could only devote two hours a day to the work.我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。名师点津 表示“专注于， 致力于”的表达还有： be absorbed in, be lost in, be buried in, be occupied in, focus on, concentrate on等。词块助记devote ones energies to a job致力于一项工作devote all ones life to medical work for chinese women and children为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业贡献毕生精力 averagen平均；平均数adj. 普通的，通常的；平均的vt.平均为能力提升完成句子(浙江卷)去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚在成为一个州以来最干旱的一年。an_average_of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since california became a state in 1850.(2018全国卷)所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。all students have two pe classes a week and run for 20 minutes on_average every day.on average 平均an average of.平均有with an average of 平均为above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下词块助记 the worlds average temperature世界平均温度children of average intelligence 智力一般的儿童an average cost/price 平均成本/价格an average student 一个普通的学生 strugglen& v奋斗；挣扎；斗争基础练习单句语法填空we have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom.a.(2019江苏卷)he struggled to_explain(explain) what he heard in his head.b(浙江卷)the children talked so loudly at dinner table that i had to struggle to_be_heard(hear)能力提升句式升级(普通表达)dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(湖南卷)(高级表达)having_struggled_for_months_to_find a job as a waitress, dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (现在分词短语作状语) (1)struggle for.为而斗争struggle against.与作斗争struggle with.和一起奋斗；与作斗争(2)struggle to do sth.努力做某事(3)struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 佳句背诵 the chinese people are in their struggle for right and freedom all the time.中国人民一直为争取权利和自由而斗争。名师点津 struggle with有两个意思：一是“与作斗争”，双方是敌我关系；二是“和一起奋斗”，双方是朋友关系。 exchangevi.& n交换；交流；兑换基础练习单句语法填空a.(2019天津卷)ive never exchanged words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help.bi am going to travel abroad, so i go to exchange some rmb for dollars in the bank.(牛津词典)hes giving her french lessons in exchange for her teaching him english.能力提升完成句子(重庆卷)他们彼此交流思想和情感， 通过这些他们能获得更多的知识。they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through which they probably acquire more knowledge. (1)exchange sth. for sth.以某物换取某物exchange sth. with sb.和某人交换某物(2)in exchange for.作为的交换(3)an exchange student交换生佳句背诵 it bothers the exchange student that he hasnt found the approach to learning chinese. 使这位交换生苦恼的是他还没有找到学习中文的方法。词块助记 foreign exchange外汇an exchange rate汇率new york stock exchange纽约证券交易所 informvt.告知；通知基础练习单句语法填空(2018全国卷)now, i am writing to inform you of some relevant details.the boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the programmes progress.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)im more than delighted to tell you the good news that a short english film will be shown this weekend in our school.(2018全国卷)(高级表达)im more than delighted to inform_you_of the good news that a short english film will be shown this weekend in our school. (1)inform sb. of sth. 告诉/通知某人某事inform sb. that/when/how.通知某人keep sb. informed (of.)使某人随时了解()(2)information n.u通知；消息；情报；信息佳句背诵 im li hua, the captain of our school volleyball team.i am writing to inform you that our team is going to play in the national league. 我是李华，我们学校排球队的队长。我写信是想通知你我们队要参加全国联赛。(2019全国卷) approvev赞成；同意；核准，批准基础练习单句语法填空a survey done recently shows that not all parents approve of their children taking part in the weekend classes.he said the plan announced on sunday, if approved(approve), would avoid such a problem.(2018江苏卷)it found many youngsters(少年) now measure their status by how much public approval(approve) they get online, often through “likes”能力提升一句多译(2017北京卷)老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们的在校经历。the teacher gave_his_approval_to_us making a video to record our experiences at school.(approval)the teacher approved_of_us making a video to record our experiences at school.(approve) (1)approve of (doing) sth.赞成/同意某事approve sth.批准某事(2)approval n.赞成，同意；批准，认可(3)disapprove v.不赞成；不同意 佳句背诵 i approve of your trying to make some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我赞成你设法赚些钱，但不要荒废学业。名师点津 “赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb. to do sth., 因为approve用作“同意；赞成”时是不及物动词，所以应该用approve of sb./ones doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词ing的复合结构。 chargen费用；价钱；控告；掌管；职责v控诉；收费；装载；使承担责任基础练习单句语法填空a.(2017江苏卷)we choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to_charge(charge)b(2017江苏卷)far from charging(charge) consumers high prices, many of these services are free.a.(安徽卷)i wonder how much you charge for your services.the first two are free while the third costs $30.bthe man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.能力提升一句多译下周厂长不在时， 汤姆将负责整个工厂。tom will take_charge_of the whole factory next week when the director is away. tom will be_in_charge_of the whole factory next week when the director is away. the whole factory will be_in_the_charge_of tom next week when the director is away. (1)charge sb.with sth.(accuse sb. of sth.)因某事控告某人charge sb.(money) for sth.向某人索取某物的费用(2)free of chargefor free免费in charge (of)主管；负责；照顾in the charge of(in ones charge)由负责，由管理take charge of掌管；负责；看管 佳句背诵 your order will be delivered free of charge within a tenmile limit.在10英里范围之内，您的订货将免费送货上门。词块助记the person in charge负责人service charge服务费an admission charge of $ 5五美元的入场费 look back (on)回忆，回顾基础练习单句语法填空(湖北卷)would you please look_through the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?nobody will look up to you if you look down on/upon yourself.the teacher got the students to look up all the words they didnt know.能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)when i looked_back_upon_the_past(回顾过去), im proud of what i have achieved.(高级表达)looking_back_upon_the_past,_im proud of what i have achieved.(现在分词作状语)look into向里面看去；调查look through看穿，浏览look up查找look up to仰慕；尊敬look down on/upon看不起，轻视 佳句背诵 i like to look back on my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.我喜欢回忆我的中学时光，那是我一生中最快乐的日子。名师点津 表示“回顾，回忆”的短语还有：bring sth. back, call sth.to mind, call sth.up。 make use of利用；使用基础练习单句语法填空now most of the students are trying to make the best use of every minute to_prepare(prepare) for the coming exam.its no use trying(try) to persuade him to have a holiday because he is facing a challenge.能力提升词汇/句式升级(普通表达)we must make full use of every minute to go over our lessons, as the final examination is drawing near.(高级表达)with_the_final_examination_approaching,_we must make_the_best_of/make_the_most_of/take_full_advantage_of every minute to go over our lessons.(with复合结构) (1)make full/good use of充分利用make the best/most of充分利用take (full) advantage of(充分)利用(2)be of great use很有用its no use doing sth.做某事是没有用的。佳句背诵 we students as well as our teachers make good use of the gymnasium to do sports after school every day.每天放学后，我们学生和老师都充分利用这个体育馆做运动。(2018全国卷) “it is n. to do sth.” 结构中it替代动词不定式作形式主语(教材p2).it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.对我来说，记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。 基础练习单句语法填空a.(2018浙江卷11月)its a really good idea to_visit(visit) colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.b(天津卷)it is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.a.it is careless of you to make so many mistakes in the exam.bit is necessary for us to practice speaking english every day.its no use arguing(argue) with hershe wont listen.能力提升一句多译(安徽卷)事实是每个人都会有一段时期，在这段时期里很多事都不顺利，因此你不必太担心。it_is_true_that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you dont have to worry so much.(it作形式主语)the_truth_is_that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you dont have to worry so