2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Computers学案 新人教版必修2

unit 3 computers一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1calculator n计算器2laptop n. 手提电脑3calculate vt. 计算4universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的5revolution n. 革命6artificial adj. 人造的；假的7tube n. 管；管子；电子管8transistor n. 晶体管9chip n. 碎片；芯片10network n. 网络；网状物11web n. 网12mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的13rocket n. 火箭14mars n. 火星15download vt. 下载16virus n. 病毒17teammate n. 同伴；伙伴18mop n. 拖把 vt. 用拖把拖；擦19naughty adj. 顽皮的；淘气的20niece n. 侄女；甥女21spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏.核心词汇写其形1anyhow adv. 无论如何；即使如此2reality n. 真实；事实；现实3signal vi.& vt. 发信号n. 信号4arise vi. 出现；发生5character n. 性格；特点6goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分7type n. 类型vt.& vi. 打字8technology n. 工艺；科技；技术9coach n. 教练10electronic adj. 电子的11sum n. 总数；算术题；金额.拓展词汇通其变1simple adj.简单的simplify vt.简化2operate v操作；经营operator n(电脑)操作员；接线员operation n操作；经营3logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地4technology n工艺；科技；技术technological adj.科技的5solve vt.解决；解答solution n方法6intelligence n智力；聪明；智能intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的7personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的personally adv.就个人而言；亲自personality n个性；人格；风云人物；名人8total adj.总的；整个的 n总数；合计v.共计；总计；把加起来totally adv.完全地；整个地9apply v应用；涉及；申请applicant n申请人；求职者application n应用；用途；申请10finance n金融；财经financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的11explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究explorer n探险家；勘探者exploration n探索12appear vi.出现appearance n外观；外貌；出现13happy adj.幸福的，快乐的happiness n幸福；快乐1.abc式过去式、过去分词变化arisearosearisendrivedrovedrivenrideroderiddenriseroserisenwritewrotewritten2.以“ify”结尾的动词荟萃simplify简化beautify 美化purify 净化identify 鉴定；识别出classify 分类3.“互联网”家族download vt.下载click vt. 点击database n. 数据库；资料库surf vi.& vt. 浏览；(互联网上)冲浪network n. 网络(二)重点短语记牢用活1from.on从时起2in_a_way 在某种程度上 3with_the_help_of 在的帮助下4deal_with 处理；安排；对付；应付5watch_over 看守；监视；照管6provide.for. 给提供7have.in_common 有共同之处8share.with. 与分享 9as_a_result_ 结果10make_up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成11after_all 毕竟；终究12make_good_use_of 充分利用1.all相关短语大全after all 毕竟；终究above all 首先；最重要的是in all 全部；合计at all 全然；一点；根本；究竟first of all 首先；第一all in all 总的说来2.“v.with.”结构面面观share.with.与分享cover.with. 用覆盖equip.with. 使具有mix.with. 把和混合connect.with. 把与连接起来provide.with. 为提供(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：before引导时间状语从句，意为“之后才”i developed very slowly and it_took_nearly_two_hundred_years_before i was built as an analytical machine by charles babbage.我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。句型2：as引导时间状语从句as_time_went_by,_i was made smaller.随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。句型3：so.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”and my memory became so_large_that even i couldnt believe it！我的存储量变得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！句型4：by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到为止”by_the_time_i_was_sixteen,_my dream had come true.在我满十六岁时，我的梦想成真了。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1anyhow(无论如何), i will try to persuade my parents to send me to study abroad.2tom has been looking forward to becoming a lawyer and his dream has been turned into reality(现实)3george was responsible for the accident because he didnt give a signal(信号) to other drivers.4(2019天津卷)my friend brings me happiness(happy) and gives me a lot of encouragement.5seeing their favourite star come in，the devoted fans arose(arise) from their seats immediately.6there are so many different types(type) of bread that the volunteer doesnt know which to buy.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷阅读c)in addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.they were dull and visually forbidding.but the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.革命2(2019江苏卷完形)with their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.人造的3(2019天津卷阅读表达)haze mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years，walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.擦；用拖把拖4(2018全国卷阅读c)in recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear.全世界的.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1as far as i know, the problem is difficult to solve. the team are working hard to analyze it so that they can find a good solution(solve)2after the president made an official announcement, she expressed her personal opinion. personally speaking, i agreed with what she said.(person)3there were about 40 people at the party in total. they sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.(total)4he believes that all children are born with equal intelligence. and he thinks that this slow boy can be as intelligent as others if taught properly.(intelligent)5when he suddenly appeared in the classroom, the students were concentrating on listening to their teacher. his sudden appearance surprised them.(appear)6try to simplify your explanation to the students to help them understand better.they are so young that they can understand simple questions.(simple)7any applicant who would like to apply to become an assistant in our company should send us an application before may 10, 2020.(apply).选词成篇from now on; as a result; with the help of; deal with; in a wayit is well known that we are surrounded by electronic devices. we use calculators to solve maths questions, which makes calculation easier. 1.with_the_help_of computers, we can 2.deal_with electronic mails and explore the world. ai has simplified our life 3.in_a_way. in reality, almost every young person has a mobile phone. personally, we should use our phones properly. but some people are so crazy about their mobile phones that they often walk on the busy streets, typing messages now and then. 4.as_a_result,_many accidents are caused now. in order to keep us safe and healthy, wed better use electronic devices wisely 5.from_now_on.完成句子1(2018全国卷书面表达)没有必要担心，不久你就会适应中国的风俗习惯的。there is no need to worry about.it_will_not_take_a_long_time_before you adapt to the chinese customs.2(2018浙江卷6月读后续写)随着夜幕的降临， 我变得焦虑不安。as_night_was_approaching,_i became anxious and worried.3(天津卷书面表达)你们如此善良、体贴，以至于我们希望成为你们的朋友，无论你们在哪儿。you are so_kind_and_considerate_that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are.4到他五岁时，他已学会了如何弹钢琴。by the time he was five years old, he had_learned_how_to_play_the_piano solvevt.解决；解答基础练习单句语法填空(天津卷)one day, mentally exhausted, i wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be_solved(solve)we are supposed to come up with a solution(solve) to stop people looking down at their mobile phones while driving cars.能力提升句式升级/词汇替换(普通表达)after most of the problems were settled, i felt a great weight taken off my mind.(高级表达)with_most_of_the_problems_solved,_i felt a great weight taken off my mind.(with复合结构)(1)solve a problem解决一个问题(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段a/the solution to. 的解决方法 佳句背诵 we need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.在我们能解决问题之前，我们需要找到它的根源。名师点津 名词后跟介词to荟萃：the solution to的解决方法the answer to 的答案the key to 的关键the entrance to 的入口 signalvi.& vt.发信号n信号基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷).the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals(signal) that we really have changed our planet. as soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)a man stood up and signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(高级表达)a man stood up, signalling_that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(分词作状语)(1)a traffic signal交通信号send out a signal 发出信号(2)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事signal (sb.) that. 示意(某人) 佳句背诵 the grand military parade of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the prc should be a signal that china has become a rich and powerful country.中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大阅兵应该是中国已经成为一个富强的国家的标志。 arisevi.出现；发生；起身；起床一词多义写出下列句中arise的含义seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身(2019全国卷)while i have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.出现they arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床as is known to all, emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.产生能力提升一句多译休息时， 我们的班主任开始处理他的课上出现的问题。 at break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class(分词作定语)at break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class(定语从句)arise(arose, arisen)vi. 出现；发生；起因于rise(rose, risen)vi. 升起；上升；起身；增长raise(raised, raised)vt. 提升；举起；饲养；抚养；提出arouse(aroused, aroused)vt. 唤醒，激起 对比记忆 (1)as is known to us, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(2)(2019浙江卷6月应用文写作)besides, what you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.(3)to raise peoples awareness of protecting the environment, we launched a campaign. as a result结果基础练习用result的相关短语填空(2018天津卷书面表达)for one thing, you can be exposed to the chinese language and the chinese culture. as_a_result,_you can master the language and be familiar with its cultures.as_a_result_of your carelessness, the plan should be put off at least one month.能力提升一句多译人们普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了疾病。(result)its generally believed that his illness resulted_from the overfull tiredness.its generally believed that the overfull tiredness resulted_in his illness.its generally believed that he suffered from illness as_a_result_of the overfull tiredness. (1)as a consequence结果as a result/consequence of由于；作为的结果(2)result from 由引起result in 导致；结果 佳句背诵 as a result/consequence, adequate preparation is urgently needed, including practice, nutrition and a perfect plan.因此，迫切需要充分的准备，包括练习、营养和完善的计划。(2019全国卷书面表达)名师点津 (1)as a result/consequence意为“因此，结果”，常作状语。(2)as a result/consequence of意为“由于”，是介词短语，只能接名词/代词/动名词等。 in a way从某一角度看；在某种程度上基础练习用way的相关短语填空in_a_way,_the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.mrs. smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to.he decided that he would drive all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.能力提升完成句子只有这样他们才能独立成长、真正成功。only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up to be independent and become truly successful.all the way 一路上；自始至终；完全by the way 顺便说一下in the way 挡道；妨碍in this way 用这种方法in no way 一点也不；决不(放在句首须部分倒装)on the way to. 在去途中 佳句背诵 in a way, im glad that you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.从某一角度看，我很高兴你犯了那个错误，因为这对你是个警告。 deal with处理；安排；对付；论及；涉及；与打交道；做买卖一词多义写出下列句中deal with的含义(2019浙江卷6月概要写作)the principle for dealing with praise is to consider the link between praise and effort.处理his article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.论及；涉及his work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与打交道能力提升一句多译事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。as a matter of fact, i dont know how_they_will_deal_with_the_problem(deal with)in fact, im at a loss what_they_will_do_with_the_problem(do with)(1)do with sth.处理某事(2)make a deal 达成协议(3)a great/good deal 大量，许多a great/good deal of不可数名词 大量的 佳句背诵 we certainly do spend a great deal of our time waiting.我们确实花费许多时间等待。名师点津 (1)deal with表示“处理”时，常与连接副词how连用。(2)do with表示“处理”时，常与连接代词what连用。 as引导时间状语从句(教材p18)as time went by, i was made smaller.随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。基础练习单句语法填空as technology develops，we can have access to the information swiftly.(2018全国卷书面表达)in brief, do as the chinese do when in china.能力提升一句多译随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。with_time_going_by,_i gradually adapted myself to the school life.(with) as_time_went_by,_i gradually adapted myself to the school life.(as)(1)as是连词，意为“随着”时，引导时间状语从句。(2)as是连词，意为“按照”时，引导方式状语从句。(3)with是介词，意为“随着”时，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。 佳句背诵 as i was busy preparing for my final exam, i didnt reply to your email as soon as i received it.因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。(2017天津卷书面表达)名师点津 as可以引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。 so.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”(教材p18)and my memory became so large that even i couldnt believe it！我的存储量变得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！基础练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷)on our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.beijing is so attractive a place that lots of tourists from home and abroad visit the city every year. it is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.(2018江苏卷书面表达)everyone is faced with such wonderful goods every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)the volleyball match is so significant that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(2019全国卷书面表达)(高级表达)so_significant_is_the_volleyball_match_that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒装)(1)so.that.句型的常见形式：(2)such.that.句型的常见形式：(3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。佳句背诵 keeping a learning diary every day is so important that i would like to introduce it to you.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2017全国卷)while high school does not generally encourage students to_explore(explore) new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.2so many people around the world are learning or using english, so it is considered as a universal(universe) language.3her childhood dream became a reality(real) when she broke the 100m race world record.4personally(person), i think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.5as an operator(operate), rosy has to answer many calls from all over the country every day.6the intelligence(intelligent) and the ability to speak make humans different from other animals.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1by the time jane gets home, her aunt will_have_left(leave) for london to attend a meeting.2as can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such heavy homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.3they are talking about problems arising(arise) from the lack of communication.4with global warming becoming more and more serious，it wont be long before some coastal cities disappear.5i was told the learning center provides help for students and im anxious to get help from you.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)1although they come from total different cultures, they get along well with each other.totaltotally2the ability to give good advice at the right time involves a great deal of elligentintelligence3the number of road accident deaths arise from those accidents has increased over the past years.arisearising4those taking part in the activity are pleased to see the problem solve so quickly.solvesolved5(2017全国卷)i was so much nervous that i could hardly tell which direction was left.删除much.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1(2019北京卷)the programme beginning in august will operate in south africa.vi.实施2(2019天津卷阅读b)by opening a novel, i can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where i am now a new character.n.人物3this is a theme explored by the author in his latest novels.vt.探讨；调查研究提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)i have a good robot friend 1.whose name is jack.“he” is similar to a human being 2.in many ways.“he” is a robot about 120 centimeters tall with a lovely face and two bright eyes, 3.designed(design) by my thoughts.when i put on my cap, my brain sends out 4.signals(signal) to the cap on my head, which can pick up the signals and send them to a computer.in this way the computer reads the signals 5.and then controls “his” moves.(二)with the internet 1.developing(develop) rapidly, people can apply for the job through the internet.it is very convenient for students to solve the difficult problem 2.with the help of several clicks.3.in a way, computers have changed our life.however, many students become so crazy about computers 4.that they spend too much time on them.as 5.a result, some of the students fail the exams.anyhow, computers play 6.an important part in our life.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)某英文报社正在举办主题为“畅想未来”的科技创意征文大赛。请你以“_ in the future”为题写一篇英文短文，从功能和用途两个方面描述日常生活中某件物品的未来。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)现有的家庭机器人已经研发得很好，能处理各种家务活。(现在完成时的被动语态)the existing home robots have_been_developed very perfectly, so they_can_deal_with_all_kinds_of_housework随着科技的快速发展，新型的家庭机器人将会出现。as_science_and_technology_develops_rapidly,_new_types_of_home_rob