（新课标）2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars课后作业10 新人教版必修3

课后作业(十).单句语法填空1do you believe that there is the _(exist) of ghost?2with the table _(lay), we began to take dinner.3dont worry. im sure things will get better _ time.4as we all know, bad eating habit is _(harm) to ones health.5the local villagers have planted many trees on both sides of the river to prevent the soil from _(wash) away.6_ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.7is there always a conflict between science and _(religious)?8when did the world come _ existence?9mikes father is so _(violence) that mike is afraid of telling him he has failed.10this was the third time that i _(consult) with my lawyer.答案1.existence2.laid3.in4.harmful5being washed6.wo9.violent10had consulted.短语填空lay eggs，in ones turn，give birth to，there exist， prevent. from，in all directions，be fundamental to，at no time1. _ the custom of arranged marriages in many parts of this country.2in this skit(滑稽短剧) the main character says that his cock can _.3after graduation, my classmates were sent _ .4we must at all costs _ them _ finding out about the plan.5soil _ the growth of the plants.6. _ should we give in to difficulties.7they, _， made some advice for the plan.8his wife _ a baby girl last week, which gave him great pleasure.答案1.there exists2.lay eggs3.in all directions4prevent; from5.is fundamental to6.at no time7in their turn8.gave birth to.单句改错1it never occurred to him that his carelessness could do such great harm on himself._2it exist two possible explanations on how the fire broke out._3what makes me puzzling is why he left the country without telling anyone._4we were prevented going out by the heavy rain._5his mother is so violently that he was scared to death._6some policemen should be sent to stop them from cut down the trees._7late last night, fighting was broken out between rival gangs of football fans._8i find strange that she doesnt want to go._9cheer up, young man! things will come right on time._10this exam was such difficult that many students failed._答案1.onto2.itthere3.puzzlingpuzzled4going前加from5.violentlyviolent6.cutcutting7was brokenbroke8.find后加it9.onin10.suchso.阅读理解aof all the planets, none has captured(吸引) the worlds imagination like mars. its reddish(淡红的) color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.in cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist carl sagan talked about some traditional ideas about mars. some of these ideas are from the english science fiction writer h. g. wells the war of the worlds. others are from the mistaken science of percival lowell, the american astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on mars. wells described martians as threatening. lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. carl sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.today, mars continues to excite humansnot as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecrafts that have orbited(沿轨道运行), landed on and dug into the martian surface.the smithsonians “mars day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touch mars, or at least a piece of it. allison and alycia from silver spring, maryland, brought their children, grace, sam, ryan and emma. they heard about mars and its geology from experts. they could see a test version of the viking landers that reached mars in july of 1976. they also saw meteorites(陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. eightyearold sam learned that the ancient description of mars as red is not exactly right. he said, “its actually orangish more than red and its also kind of brown.” emma is six. she learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of mars. she said，“the closest thing to marsthe stuffis from volcanoes mostly.”“mars day” offered allison and alycias children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.语篇解读：在“火星日”，人们可以对火星有更好的了解和认识。1what is paragraph 2 mainly about?awhy martians were considered threatening.bwhy mars has captured the worlds imagination.cwhat people generally thought of mars in the past.dhow h. g. wells got the idea for his science fiction.解析考查段落大意。通读第二段可知主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识，故选c。答案c2it is implied in paragraph 3 that _.atodays space scientists still know nothing about marsbtodays space scientists are very interested in marscscience fiction films are no longer set in marsdspace scientists havent made any progress in knowing mars解析考查推理判断。根据第三段的“today, mars continues to excite humansnot as the object of science fiction but of scientific study.”以及后一句“space scientists have collected a wealth of information.”可推断现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣。答案b3what is the writers attitude toward the idea that humans will set foot on mars?ahe thinks it may happen in this year.bhe thinks it will always remain a dream.che thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.dhe thinks it may happen in the following decades.解析考查观点态度。根据末段的“a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes”可知作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星。答案d4the smithsonians “mars day” might not offer people a chance to _.alearn about the surface of marsbsee a test version of some viking landerscsee meteorites known to have come from marsdsit in a spacecraft to experience the life of an astronaut解析考查细节理解。通读全文，可知作者并没有提到在火星日前往参观的人可以坐在宇宙飞船里体验宇航员的生活，故选d。答案dbmore than onethird of the worlds population can no longer see the milky way because of manmade lights. among those missing out on amazing milky way views: nearly 80 percent of north americans and 60 percent of europeans. these are the findings of a new global atlas of light pollution, published as part of a scientific paper friday.more than fourfifths of earthlings now live beneath skies polluted by artificial light, which blocks out the milky way for more than a third of them, according to the research. “i hope that this atlas will finally open the eyes of people to light pollution，” lead author fabio falchi said in a statement.tiny singapore is the most lightpolluted country. the entire population loses out on seeing the true night sky. kuwait and qatar are close runnersup. just the opposite, countries whose populations are exposed to the least light pollution are chad, central african republic and madagascar.falchi and his team members warn the problem affects more than astronomers. its greatly changed a fundamental human experience, namely that of enjoying the sights of night sky. coauthor and scientist christopher elvidge feels sad about the fact that “whole generations” of americans have never seen the milky way. “its a big part of our connection to the universe, and its been lost，” he said in a statement.the situation is even worse for some animals. artificial light can confuse insects, birds and sea turtles, with deadly results. theres also the waste of energy and money, the researchers point out.the national park services dan duriscoe, a coauthor, noted that some national parks in the west like yellowstone are among the last refuges(避难处) of darkness in the us urban light a few hundred miles away, even in untouched land like death valley national park in southern california.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。现在全球有多于三分之一的人口再也看不到银河了，因为全球各地的人造光污染了漆黑的天空。5the writer shows the seriousness of the problem by _.amaking comparisonsblisting numberscgiving examplesdgiving explanations解析考查细节理解。由第一段和第二段可知，作者列举了大量的数字来说明人类所面临问题的严重性。答案b6the global atlas of light pollution was published to _.acomplete a scientific paperbpicture the amazing milky way viewscattract peoples concern over light pollutiondshow peoples regrets about losing sight of the milky way解析考查细节理解。由第二段“i hope that this atlas will finally open the eyes of people to light pollution”一句可知，该地图出版的目的是引起人们对问题的重视。答案c7the country suffering from the most serious light pollution is _.athe us bkuwaitcsingapore dchad解析考查细节理解。由第三段首句“tiny singapore is the most lightpolluted country.”可知，新加坡的光污染最为严重。答案c8in the last paragraph, the writer implies that _.ayellowstone is the only refuge of darkness in the usbplaces free of light pollution are on the decreasecnational parks should be cut off from the polluted worlddeffective measures should be taken to deal with light pollution解析考查推理判断。该段中主要表明了dan duriscoe的观点是：未被光污染的国家公园越来越少，黄石国家公园成为为数不多的公园之一。答案b.七选五阅读填空you want to help the environment. you want to teach your children to protect the earth. you can do both easily by making family activities environmentally friendly. planning activities around the natural world can be fun and educational for all members of the family.make recycling a part of everyday chores(家务活)even the youngest children can help with recycling chores. for instance, a preschooler can help an adult or older child sort recyclables. you can use the opportunity to teach the difference between glass, plastic, paper, and other materials. _1_2_many ageappropriate choices exist for environmentallyrelated school clubs. for example, an explorer club that learns about a new rainforest or desert each week works for preschool or kindergarten. primary and middle school classes may enjoy a gardening or recycled craft(手工工艺) project club.plan green vacation activities.include your green activities in your weekend vacations. _3_ the family can volunteer together, and then enjoy a picnic afterwards. you can also take your children to a natural science museum nearby. while there, discuss environment and conservation with them.plant a garden together.work together and grow organic(有机的) produce. _4_ the website, kids gardening, provides gettingstarted guidance and suggestions for parents to help their children get into gardening and other associated activities.craft with recyclables.teach children arts and crafts using recyclables. children can turn toilet paper rolls, paper plates, glass bottles and many other recyclables into useful hou