上外：Unit 15_B (第六册,英语综合教程,外教社)VIP

.,Unit15OnReading,TextExplanationPartII,.,Paragraph4(Part1),Butletnoonethinkthatpleasureisimmoral.Pleasureinitselfisagreatgood,allpleasure,butitsconsequencesmaybesuchthatthesensiblepersoneschewscertainvarietiesofit.Norneedpleasurebegrossandsensual.Theyarewiseintheirgenerationwhohavediscoveredthatintellectualpleasureisthemoststaisfyingandthemostenduring.Itiswelltoacquirethehabitofreading.,.,immoral,(adj.)1.deliberatelyviolatingacceptedprinciplesofrightandwrong;2.notadheringtoethicalormoralprinciples;3.deviatingfromwhatisconsideredrightorproperorgoodWebelievethatcloningshouldbebannedbecauseitisimmoral.我们认为克隆应该被禁止因为它是不道德的。Theimmoralbehaviorhashurtherreputation.那不道德的行为损害了她的声誉。,.,eschew,(v.)avoidandstayawayfromdeliberately;stayclearofAcivilizedleadermusteschewviolence.文明领导人必须避免使用暴力。Weeschewanytheoryofhistory,preferringtoseemeritinanumberofbasicconcepts.我们避开任何历史“理论”，宁愿在众多概念中发现有价值的东西。Theymusteschewallthoughtofgreedandlust.他们必须避开所有贪婪和欲望的想法。,.,sensual,(adj.)1.markedbytheappetitesandpassionsofthebody;2.sexuallyexcitingorgratifyingsensualism(n.)1.desireforsensualpleasures2.(philosophy)theethicaldoctrinethatfeelingistheonlycriterionforwhatisgoodsensualness(n.)thequalityofbeingsensual,.,enduring,longlasting;tolerant;unceasingTimandHarryknewtheywouldhaveanenduringfriendship.提姆与哈利知道他们的友谊会持续到永远。Ibelievethattruthandjusticearefundamentaltoanenduringsocialorder.我相信真理和公正对社会秩序的长治久安至关重要。Theonlyroadtoenduringprosperityandstabilityisthroughopenmarketsandopentrade.持续繁荣和稳定的唯一道路是打开市场和开放贸易。,.,Paragraph4(Part2),Toacquirethehabitofreadingistoconstructforyourselfarefugefromalmostallthemiseriesoflife.Almostall,Isay,forIwouldnotgosofarastopretendthattoreadabookwillassuagethepangsofhungerorstillthepainofunrequitedlove;buthalfadozengooddetectivestoriesandahotwaterbottlewillenableanyonetosnaphisfingersattheworstcoldinthehead.Butwhoisgoingtoacquirethehabitofreadingforreadingssake,ifheisbiddentoreadbooksthatboredhim?,.,gosofarasto,Othersgosofarastosaythatthecapitalistsareevenbetterthantheworkers.甚至有人说，资本家比工人还要高明一点。Somereallykeenenthusiastsgosofarastostayuplateforthe“sofa”ofanewpost.有一些发烧友甚至熬至深夜，以占得新贴的“沙发”。Theressometruthinwhatyousaid,butpersonally,Iwouldntgosofarastochangemydietaltogether.您说得有些道理，不过就我个人而言，我还不至于完全改变我的饮食。Ilovefootball,butIwontgosofarastostayuplateforalivebroadcast.我喜欢足球，但我还不至于熬夜看直播。,.,assuage,(v.)1.causetobemorefavorablyinclined;gainthegoodwillof;2.satisfy(thirst);3.providephysicalrelief,asfrompainThedoctortriedhisbesttoassuagehisillness.医生尽自己的努力去减轻他的病症。Thiscombinationcouldfuelinstabilityratherthanassuageit.这种组合只会激起而不是减轻不稳定。Ibelievetheresadialoguetobehad,whichwillassuagetheirfears,Ihope,hesaid.他说：“我相信我们之间可以相互对话，我希望借此能减少他们的一些忧虑。”,.,pang,(n.)1.asuddensharpfeeling;2.amentalpainordistress;3.asharpspasmofpainExceptforasmallpangherheadachehasgone.除了偶有不适外她的头痛已经好了。Andme,foronceinmylife,Ifeltarealpangofguilt.而我，有生以来第一次，感受到了真正意义上负罪感的剧痛。Sheexperiencedapangofsadness.她感到一阵悲痛。,.,still(v.),(v.)1.makecalmorstill;2.causetobequietornottalk;3.lessentheintensityoforcalm;4.makemotionlessTheteacherfinallycametostillthechaoticclassroom.老师终于来制止教室里的混乱了。Jackstilledthehorseandjumpoff.杰克勒住马跳了下来。,.,unrequited,adj.notreturnedinkind无回报的;无报酬的Hefallsinloveveryeasilyandoftenitsunrequitedlove.他总是很快爱上某人，而且往往是单相思。Otherwise,unrequitedloveisasadness,regardedonlyasaburden.否则，单相思是一种哀愁，只被别人当成是一种负担。unrequitedtransfer无偿转让requite(v.)makerepaymentfororreturnsomethingSherequitedhislovewithcoldness.她对他的爱报以冷淡态度。,.,snaponesfinger,Manytasksthathadpreviouslyrequiredphysicalstrengthcannowbedonewiththesnapofafinger.Sowhybotherwastingtimeturningthepagesofencyclopediasifinjustasnapofafingeryouhavewhatyouneeded?Doyouthinktheycanquitdrinkingatthesnapofafinger?Donotcalloutbytappingcoinsonthecounter,snapyourfingerorwavelikeadrowningswimmer.,.,bidden,bid(v.)1.proposeapayment;2.invokeupon;3.askfororrequestearnestly;4.makeademand,asforacardorasuitorashowofhands;5.makeaseriousefforttoattainsomething;6.asksomeoneinafriendlywaytodosomething出价；叫牌；努力争取Susanandhisfriendsstoodaroundtobidhimadieu.苏珊和他的朋友们站在周围，对他说再见。Mostoftheguestsbiddentothefeastwerebignames.应邀赴宴的客人中多半是知名人士。Hewasbiddentofinishtheworkonschedule.他被要求按规定时间完成工作.,.,Paragraph5(Part1),ItismoreconvenienttotakethebooksofwhichIamnowgoingtospeakinchronologicalorder,butIcanseenoreasonwhy,ifyoumakeupyourmindtoreadthem,youshoulddosointhatorder.Ithinkyouwouldbemuchbetteradvisedtoreadthemaccordingtoyourfancy;nordoIseeevenwhyyoushouldreadthemonebyone.Formyownpart,Ifinditmoreagreeabletoreadfourorfivebookstogether.,.,chronological,adj.relatingtoorarrangedaccordingtotemporalorderAnarticlecanbewritteninchronological，spatialorlogicalorder.文章可以按时间，空间或逻辑顺序来写.Eventsinanarrativeareusuallyrelatedinchronologicalorder,thatisintheorderwhichtheyoccur.在记叙文中，时间通常是按照其发生的先后顺序来叙述的，这叫顺叙。chronology(n.)arecordofeventsintheorderoftheiroccurrence年表,.,agreeable,(adj.)1.conformingtoyourownlikingorfeelingsornature;inkeepingHelookedrounduponuswithamostagreeablesmile他带着十分爽朗的笑容向我们环顾了一下。Silence,inthiscase,wouldhavebeenmoreagreeable!在这种情况下，缄默会更令人接受。Doyoufinditagreeabletoshareyourmoneywithyourgallerist?你认为和画廊老板分摊你的经济收入是合理的?,.,Paragraph5(Part2),Afterall,youarentinthesamemoodononedayasonanother,norhaveyouthesameeagernesstoreadacertainbookatallhoursoftheday.Wemustsuitourselvesinthesematters,andIhavenaturallyadoptedtheplanthatbestsuitsme.InthemorningbeforeIstartworkIreadforawhileabook,eitherofscienceorphilosophy,thatrequiresafreshandattentivebrain.Itsetsmeofffortheday.,.,eagerness,(n.)1.apositivefeelingofwantingtopushaheadwithsomething;2.promptwillingnessHestudiedEnglishwithgreateagernessbeforegoingabroad.出国前他如饥似渴地学习英语。Hecouldneitherunderstandnorsympathizewithmyeagerness.对于我的急切心情，他既无法理解也不能体谅。Itdidnttakemelongtolosemyeagernesstoanswerquestions.很快我就失去了回答问题的热情。,.,adopt,(v.)1.chooseandfollow;asoftheories,ideas,policies,strategiesorplans;2.takeupandpracticeasonesown;3.takeontitles,offices,duties,responsibilities;4.takeonacertainform,attribute,oraspect;5.takeintoonesfamily;6.putintodramaticform;7.takeupthecause,ideology,practice,method,ofsomeoneanduseitasonesownThecommitteeultimatelyadoptedhissuggestions.委员会最终采纳了他的建议。Youshouldadoptaprecisemethodtocompletetheproject.你应该采用一种精确的方法来完成这一方案。,.,attentive,(adj.)1.(oftenfollowedbyto)givingcareorattention;2.takingheed;givingcloseandthoughtfulattentionTheattendantsattendthemeetingandpretendtobeattentive.侍者们参加了会议，并假装专心的样子。Hereissomeadviceifyouwouldliketobeagoodconversationalist：beanattentivelistener.如果你想成为一名优秀的会话者，这里有一些建议：作一名忠实的听众；attentively:(adv.)inanattentivemanner,.,set.off,Hecheckedhiscompassandsetoff.他看了一下罗盘就出发了。Itwastothepointwhereaslightnudgecouldsetusoff.哪怕是轻轻地用手肘碰下我们，我们都会被激怒。Whenwavesofacertainintensityaredetected,thealarmsaresetoff.当具有一定强度的波被探测到以后，警报就会发出。Lookoverthere.Ashipthereisabouttosetoff.你快看。那边有船只要启航了。,.,Paragraph5(Part3),Lateron,whenmyworkisdoneandIfeelatease,butnotinclinedformentalexerciseofastrenuouscharacter,Ireadhistory,essays,criticismorbiography;andintheeveningIreadanovel.Besidesthese,IkeeponhandavolumeofpoetryincaseIfeelinthemoodforthat,andbymybedsideIhaveoneofthosebooks,toorarelytobefound,alas,whichyoucandipintoatanyplaceandstopreadingwithequanimityattheendofanyparagraph.,.,atease,OnlyinmyhomedoIfeelatease.只有在我家里我才觉得自在.Ineverfeelateaseinhiscompany跟他在一起我总是感到很不自在。Herwarmwelcomesoonputhimatease.她的热情欢迎很快使他安心下来。Theywerealsoateasewithfriendsofdifferentages.而且，他们很善于跟不同年龄的人交朋友。Withtwochildrenbedriddenthemotherwasillatease.两个孩子病得躺在床上,母亲非常焦急。,.,incline,(v.)1.haveatendencyordispositiontodoorbesomething;beinclined;2.beatanangleShewasinclinedforawalk.她想去散散步。Iinclinetohisviewonthematter.我赞同他对这个问题的观点。Thepagodahasinclinedformorethanonemeter.塔已倾斜了一米多。inclination(n.)anattitudeofmindespeciallyonethatfavorsonealternativeoverothers;theactofinclining;bendingforward,.,strenuous,(adj.)1.characterizedbyorperformedwithmuchenergyorforce;2.taxingtotheutmost;testingpowersofenduranceTakealittlelightexercise-nothingtoostrenuous.做点儿简单的练习，别做太费力的。Thegovernmentismakingstrenuouseffortstoreforestthehill.政府正作出艰苦的努力在山上重新造林。Avoidstrenuousactivityfor12hoursafteryoursurgery.手术后12小时内，请避免进行剧烈运动。,.,incase,Incaseofemergency，pleasesoundthealarm.万一发生紧急情况，请拉响警报。Callmeincaseyouhaveanytrouble.万一您有任何麻烦，打电话给我。Incasethathappensthegameisoverandyouhearthelosesound.万一发生这种情况游戏就结束，你会听到输掉的声音。Cantyouusetheothercardincaseofneed?你难道不能在必要情况下使用另一张卡吗？,.,dipinto,(v.)readselectively;readonlycertainpassagesfromatextItisenoughtodipintoandreadbitshereandthere.这种书只需要浏览一下，这儿读一点，那儿读一点，也就够了。Iusuallydipintoabookbeforedecidingwhethertoreadit.我通常是先把书浏览一下，再决定是否阅读这本书。Hekeptdippingintothebagofsweets.他不停地从袋里取糖吃。Wellhavetodipintooursavings,ifwearegoingtobuyacomputer.如果我们要买一台电脑，我们就得动用存款了。,.,equanimity,n.steadinessofmindunderstressShewassurehisequanimitywasfictitious.她确信他的镇定是佯装的。Theministerreceivedthebadnewswithsurprisingequanimity.部长听到这个坏消息时,镇定得令人吃惊.Sherecoveredherequanimity,andwasanagreeableimageofserenedignity.她恢复了平静，显得安祥端庄、神采奕奕。,.,Paragraph6,UponlookingbackonwhatIhavewritten,InoticethatIhavemorethanoncesuggestedtoyouthatyouwouldbewisenowandthentoskip.IthinkallthebooksIhavementionedareimportantenoughtobereadthoroughly,buteventheyaremoreenjoyableifyouexerciseyourrighttoskip.Changeoftastehasrenderedcertainpartsofevengreatworkstedious.,.,exercise(v.),1.puttouse;2.carryoutorpractice,asofjobsandprofessions;3.giveaworkoutto;4.dophysicalexercise;5.learnbyrepetitionThisisaproblemwhichismuchexercisingthemindsofteachers.这是一个十分吸引教师们注意的问题。Youshouldtrytoexercisepatience.你应当努力运用忍耐力。Whatdoweneedtoknowaboutreplenishingfluidsasweexercise?当我们锻炼的时候，对补充流质需要了解什么？,.,render,(v.)1.causetobecome;2.provideorfurnishwith;3.giveaninterpretationorrenditionof;4.giveorsupplyTheycouldntresistanymoreanddecidedtorenderupthecity.他们无法继续抵抗，决定放弃这座城市。Thesagesofancienttimestaughtustorendergoodforevil.古代圣贤教导我们要以德报怨。Theconqueredhadtorendertributetotheconqueror.被征服者只得向征服者称臣纳贡。,.,Paragraph6(Part2),Wenolongerwanttobebotheredwiththemoraldissertationsofwhichtheeighteenthcenturywassofond,norwiththelengthydescriptionsofscenerywhichwerefavoredinthenineteenth.Whenthenovelbecamerealisticauthorsfellinlovewithdetailforitsownsake,andittookthemalongtimetodiscoverthatdetailisinterestingonlyifitisrelevant.,.,dissertation,n.atreatiseadvancinganewpointofviewresultingfromresearch;usuallyarequirementforanadvancedacademicdegree论文，专题；学术演讲Italkovermydissertationtopicwiththeprofessor.我和教授讨论毕业论文的题目。ThisdissertationinvestigatesthethematicstructureinEnglishwithagrammaticalizationapproach.本论文从语法化的视角探讨了英语中的主位结构。,.,realistic,(adj.)1.awareorexpressingawarenessofthingsastheyreallyare;2.representingwhatisreal;notabstractorideal;3.oforrelatingtothephilosophicaldoctrineofrealism现实的,逼真的；实在的；现实主义的Loveisromantic,butmarriageisrealistic.爱情是浪漫的，婚姻是现实的。Shegaveusarealisticappraisalofourchances.她对我们的机遇做了一个现实的评估。Wehavetoberealisticaboutourchancesofwinning.对于我们获胜的可能性，我们要实事求是。,.,relevant,adj.havingabearingonorconnectionwiththesubjectatissueDoyouhaveanyotherrelevantinvestmentexperience?您有过其他相关的投资经验吗？Doyoufeeldeceptionisaparticularlyrelevanttopictooursociety?您觉得欺骗是与我们社会尤为相关的一个话题么？Hesentmetherelevantpapersonthecase.他给我送来了与案例有关的文件。irrelevant:adj.havingnobearingonorconnectionwiththesubjectatissue,.,Paragraph6(Part3),Toknowhowtoskipistoknowhowtoreadwithprofitandpleasure,buthowyouaretolearnitIcannottellyou,foritisatrickIhaveneveracquired,Iamabadskipper;Iamafraidofmissingsomethingthatmaybeofvaluetome,andsowillreadpagesthatonlywearyme;whenonceIbegintoskip,Icannotstop,andendthebookdissatisfiedwithmyselfbecauseIamawarethatIh