一般过去时与一般现在时的区分

.一、一般过去时与一般现在时定义及结构的区分1） 概念一般过去时：过去发生的动作或是状态a. 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；b. 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；c. 过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 一般现在时：现在通常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或是状态a. 表示经常发生的动作，是一般情况不是具体的某一件事；b. 长期存在的一种状态；c. 永恒的事实或真理，谚语等。2) 基本构成 A谓语动词是实义动词时的结构：一般过去时：肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他否定句：主语+did+not+动词+其他疑问句：Did+主语+动词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词+其他否定疑问句：Did+主语+not+动词+其他一般现在时：肯定句：主语+动词或（动词+s）+其他否定句：主语+do/does+not+动词+其他疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词+其他否定疑问句：Do/Does+主语+not+动词+其他注：变化最大的在于:do/doesdid (过去式的动词变化)B. 谓语动词是助动词时：a Be 动词一般过去时：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语否定疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+not+表语一般现在时：肯定句：主语+be动词+表语否定句：主语+be动词 +not+表语疑问句：Be动词 +主语+表语特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+表语否定疑问句：Be动词 +主语+not+表语注意：am(I)、is（he/she/it）was Are(we/you/they)were 第三人称时，动词要进行变化。注意：不管是过去时还是现在时，疑问句都需要助动词did或do.c.情态动词过去式： 一般过去时：将情态动词变成过去式，后面加原形，其他句型转变的规则与be动词基本一致。shall will can may must have to 例：I can swim.肯定句:否定句：疑问句：3) 怎样从时间状语上判断一般现在时和一般过去时一般过去时：yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening) ；the day before yesterday ；last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪）； ago ；this morning/afternoon/evening just now ；the other day - a few days ago； at the age of 10 （过去年龄段） ；in the old days 一般现在时：always,usually,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes, twice a week, , seldom, once a month, ever, never4) 一般过去时与一般现在时动词的变化规则：一般过去时：A. 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。B. 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。注: 课本后面都有不规则动词的变化，需熟记。一般现在时： a.一般情况下，加-s; b. 以s, sh, ch, x，o等结尾的词, 加 es; c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词, 变y 为i再加es.课堂练习一）、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式三单 过去式 三单 过去式 三单 过去式 三单 过去buy _ _ fly _ _ plant _ _ study _ drink _ _ play_ _ go _ _ make _ do _ _ dance _ _ worry _ _ ask _ taste _ _ eat _ _ _ _ read _ _ _ put _ let _ _ run _ _ keep _ _ have_ find _ _ get _ _ _ _ eat _ _ _ ring _ write_ _ sleep _ _ give _ _ stop _ 二）. 用正确的动词形式填空1. The children _ (run) everyday.2. -I _ up at half past six this morning. (get )-My father always _(come) back from work very late.3. My mother _ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)4. They _ _ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)5. - _ you _ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I dont have any. 6. She likes eggs, but she _ (not like) bread.7. My mother (tell) me a story every night.8. How much meat _ you _ (want) ? - A kilo, please.9. Someone _ (be) in the next room.10. There _ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box.11. You must _ (get) here at two this afternoon.12. The twins _ thirteen two years ago. (be)13. We must _ (help ) the teacher carry it. 14. Who _ (teach) you English in your school?15. The teacher is busy. He only _ (sleep) five hours a day.16. Near our school there _ (be) a shop, it _ (sell) a lot of books.17. What _ he _ (like)?18. He _ (teach) English in a middle school.19. You always(do) your homework well.20. He can _ (sing) this song.21. Lets _ ( help ) my mother _ (cook).22. I think Li Lei must _ (be) at school. 23. There _ (be) some bread and meat on the table.24. Lily _ (be) a Young Pioneer.三）. 句型转换1.They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句)_ they _ to China in 1990?2She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句) She _ _ the clothes last Sunday.3.My mother likes her students. (变一般疑问句) _4. Do you watch TV on Sunday? (用last Sunday 改写成过去时态的句子)_5.Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterday. (变否定句) She _ _ a new pen yesterday.6. We had a meeting the day before yesterday. (变一般疑问句) _ you _ a meeting the day before yesterday?7. They had a good time last Sunday. _ _ the twins _ a good time?8. There were some cars in front of the house just now.否定句：There _ _ cars in front of the house just now.一般疑问句：_ there _ cars in front of the house just now?9. He went to the zoo with his father yesterday.否定句：He _ _ to the zoo with his father yesterday.一般疑问句：_ he _ to the zoo with his father yesterday?特殊疑问句： he yesterday? 10. Mary usually plays games with her grandparents.否定句：Mary usually _ _ games with her grandparents.一般疑问句：_ Mary usually _ games with her grandparents?特殊疑问句： Mary usually ?11. Mary does her homework well.否定句：Mary her homework well. 一般疑问句： Mary her homework well? 一、 作业布置一.填空1 They_ (be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There_ (be) a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 oclock last night.4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.5 I _(see)Li Lei _(go) out just now.6 He _(do)his homework every day. But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year.9 Did he_(have) lunch at home?11.There _ (be) some bread and meat on the table.13.Liu Ying _ (study) in Beijing these days.14.They _ (clean) the floor now.15.Han Meimei often _ (play) games after school.16.The day before yesterday they _ _ (watch) a volleyball match.二）改错1. Does he enjoys listening to music?2. Marys mother was ill yesterday. She has to stay at home to look after her.3. My teacher was angry because I am late.4. The boy has a party at home