第24章　布鲁菌属.ppt

,MedicalMicrobiology,DepartmentofMicrobiology,HMU,第二篇致病性细菌,第24章布鲁菌属Brucella微生物学教研室钟照华教授商庆龙讲师,教学大纲,掌握内容掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）熟悉内容熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法了解内容了解布鲁菌的防治原则,问题,布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？布鲁菌是如何致病的？布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？,布鲁菌属Brucella,引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病分6个生物种羊布鲁菌B.melitensis牛布鲁菌B.abortus猪布鲁菌B.suis鼠布鲁菌B.meotomae绵羊布鲁菌B.ovis犬布鲁菌B.canis,生物学性状,革兰阴性小杆菌无鞭毛，不形成芽胞，光滑型菌株有微荚膜,专性需氧生长缓慢分解葡萄糖，产生少量酸过氧化氢酶阳性，氧化酶阳性产生H2S,B.melitensis,流行环节,易感者人和动物传染源牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主传播途径直接接触间接接触,流行环节,分泌物、乳品,消化道、呼吸道粘膜、皮肤及眼结膜,人,菌血症,16W潜伏期,（70）,发热、出汗、关节痛和全身乏力,内毒素,进入肝、脾、骨髓（发热消退）,繁殖入血,菌血症,（体温再次上升）,波浪热,致病性,致病物质内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜,所致疾病,母畜流产赤藓醇胎盘、绒毛膜含量高,波浪热Undulantfever,微生物学检查法,分离培养与鉴定血清学试验凝集试验补体结合试验抗球蛋白试验IgA不完全抗体干扰试验皮肤试验布鲁菌素（brucellin）试验,防治原则,严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染预防接种家蓄易感人群牧区、屠宰场工作人员急性期抗生素治疗四环素、青霉素,Brucellaspecies,Summary,Biology,Smallgram-negativerodswithoutcapsuleObligatoryaerobicGrowsslowlyinenrichedculturemediawith10%CO2H2S+,Pathogens,HumanpathogenAnimalreservoirsBrucellamelitensisgoat,sheepBrucellaabortuscattleBrucellasuispig,Transmission,EnterhumanbodybyIngestionofcontaminatedmilkproductsThroughtheskindirectlycontactinanoccupationalsettingsuchasabattoir,Pathogenesis,Brucellalocalizedinthereticuloendothelialsystem(lymphnodes,liver,spleen,andbonemarrow)Causegranulomatosis,abscess,andcaseationNoexotoxinisproduced,soendotoxinisthemajorvirulentfactor,Disease:Brucellosis,AnimalAbortionHumanWeaknessandfatigueEnlargedlymphnodes,liver,andspleenUndulantfever(rising-and-fallingfever)Occursinafewpatients,Diagnosis,IsolationSample:blood,bonemarrowSerologicalexaminationAgglutinationtestComplementfixationtestCoombstestSkintest,Prevention&Therapy,PasteurizationofmilkImmunizationAnimalsOccupationa