虚拟语气课件

虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood,语气,英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。,语气,陈述语气(TheIndicativeMood)用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。PeoplegetAIDSafterhavingbeeninfectedwithHIV.HowshouldweacttowardspeoplewhohaveAIDS.Whatabravegirl!,语气,祈使语气(TheImperativeMood)用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等。Letmedoit.Pleasekeepquietinthereadingroom.,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。,虚拟语气的概念,Practice:1.IfI_(be)you,I_(take)heradvice.2.IfI_(be)therethen,I_(help)them.3.Ifyou_(go)abroadinthefuture,you_(find)Englishreallyhelpful.,were,wouldtake,hadbeen,wouldhavehelped,went/shouldgo/weretogo,wouldfind,Practice:1.Ifit_(rain)lastnight,it_(be)verycooltoday.,hadrained,wouldbe,TheSubjunctiveMood,一时间选择型(时态前推型),1.含有虚拟条件句,有时用butfor,withoutorotherwise等词代替条件句:,1.Withoutyourhelp,I_(fail)intheexperiment.2.Iwasverybusy,otherwiseI_(join)youinthegame.,wouldhavefailed,wouldhavejoined,思考:还有哪些词语会引起类似的动词形式呢?,Pratice:1.Evenif/thoughhe_(be)herenow,he_(not,be)abletohelpus.2.Nothing_(save)yourfatherevenif/thoughthedoctor_(arrive)intime.3.Suppose/Supposing/(that)there_theInternet,what_(happen)?,were,wouldntbe,couldhavesaved,hadarrived,werent,would,2.wish,asif/asthough,wouldrather,ifonly等词所接的从句谓语也用“时态前推”型,Practice:1.Iwishit_(be)springalltheyearround.2.Wewishwe_(arrive)twohoursearlier.3.Itissocoldasifit_(be)inwinter.4.HespeaksEnglishsowellasthoughhe_(study)EnglishinEngland.5.Itlooksasifit_(be)goingtorain.6.Idratherhe_(not,tell)youaboutit.7.IfonlyI_(be)asyoungasyou!8.IfonlyI_(follow)youradvicethen!,were,hadarrived,were,hadstudied,is,hadnttold,were,hadfollowed,二(should)+动词原形型,1.动词的宾语从句,1.SheadvisedthatI_(return)thebookstothelibraryontime.2.Theteacherproposesthatwe_(do)plentyofreadingafterclass.,(should)return,(should)do,思考:还有哪些词有此用法?,suggest(建议),propose,advise,ask,request,demand,require,insist(坚决主张),order,desire等.,2.主语从句中,A.Itissuggested/ordered/requested/advisedthat(should)doB.Itisimportant/necessarythat(should)doC.Itisstrange/apity/nowonderthatshoulddo(表惊奇,惋惜,理应如此等感情时),Practice:(Translation)1.Itisstrangethathe_(be)here.2.Itisagreatpitythatshe_(be)soweakandthin.3.Itissuggestedthatwe_(try)hardtoenlargeourvocabularybyreadingpractice.4.Itisimportantthatwe_(pay)attentiontoourownthinkingwhenwearelearningaforeignlanguage.5.Herexpressionsuggestedthatshe_(be)angry.,be,be,try,pay,was,3.与suggestion,order,advice,request,demand(n.)等有关的表语或同位语从句,eg:Myadviceisthatyoushoulddoyourexercisesfirst.,三情态动词+havedone型should(not)havedone/ought(not)tohavedone(责备)couldhavedonesth.(惋惜、庆幸)neednthavedonesth.(后悔),Judgingfromthephotostheybroughtback,it_(不可能是)apleasantjourney.Look,thereisagrocery.We_(bring)suchalotoffood.,couldnthavebeen,neednthavebrought,四一般过去式型1.Itis(high/about)timethatwehaddinner.,五动