高中英语定语从句详解(经典课件)

TheAttributiveClause,定语从句,WhichoneisHarryPorter?,TheboyisHarryPorter,WhichoneisHarryPorter?,Theboy_isHarryPorter.,whoiswearingglasses,定语从句,一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语),(Attributiveclause),HarryPorterisasmartboy.,HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句,HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,which,who,whom,whose,that,where,when，why,关系词与先行词的关系非常密切，关系词的使用取决于先行词，因为关系词既代替先行词，又在定语从句中充当一定的成分，所以它在一般情况下都紧紧跟在先行词之后。,（一）引导定语从句的关系代词,8,when,where,why,（二）引导定语从句的关系副词,指出下列句子中的先行词，关系词，以及关系词在从句中充当的成分并翻译下列句子。1.Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.2.Thewomanwhomwesawonthestreetgotthejob.3.Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullofartists.4.Youretheonlypersonwhoseanswersareright.5.Istillrememberthedayswhenweworktogether.6.Icantfindtheplacewherewemetforthefirsttime.7.Isthatthereasonwhyyoudontlikehim?,1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,whom作定语从句的宾语,Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.,Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.,2.which,that的用法,which作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.,Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.,作主语,作宾语,3.只能用that的情况,序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时,TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.,ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.,everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时,Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.,先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。,Ivereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.,先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,主句已有who或which时,Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.,当先行词同时指人和物时,Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.,4.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用which,Thisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.,1.Thegirlisstandingthere.Thegirlismyeldersister.,Thegirlismyeldersister.,whoisstandingthere,2.Thehouseisnearthetree.Thehousecaughtfirelastnight.,Thehousecaughtfirelastnight.,whichisnearthetree,3.Thewomanworksinafactory.Youspoketoherjustnow.,Thewomanworksinafactory.,whom/whoyouspoketojustnow,4.Iknowtheperson.Hiscompanyproducesnewmachines.,Iknowthepersonwhosecompanyproducesnewmachines.,Fillintheblankswithsuitablewords:,1.Thepicture_youarelookingatwasdrawnbyafriendofmine.2.Whatistheword_hewantedtolookup?3.Thewriter_worksIadmiremostisLuXun.4.Isthisthefactory_makescolorTVsets?5.Thisisthemuseum_opensfromMondaytoFriday.6.Theboy_dressedupasapolicemanismyson.7.Heistheperson_Iamlookingfor.,that/which,which/that,whose,which/that,which/that,who/that,whom/that,1.ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.2.IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim.3.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome?,关系副词,When=on(in,during)which,where=on(in,infrontof)which,Why=forwhich,（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代,24,when,when可用in/on/at/during+which代替,1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.,when,which,25,1.Americaisthecountry.2.Iwasborninthecountry.,AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.,which.,where,where,where可用in/on/at/to+which代替,26,why,why可用for+which代替,1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.,why,which.,1.Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.,2.Iwillneverforgettheday.Weplayedintheparkonthatday.,3.Thisisthereason.Hedidntcometoschoolforthisreason.,Thisisthehouse,where/inwhichIwasborn.,Iwillneverforgettheday,when/onwhichweplayedinthepark.,Thisisthereason,forwhich/whyhedidntcometoschool.,1.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse_thegreatwriterusedtolive.2.Hewasbornintheyear_theSecondWorldWarbrokeout.2.Isthisthefactory_colorTVsetsaremade?3.Doyouknowthemuseum_manyfamouspaintingsareonshow?5.Illneverforgetthatmoment_thefilmstartookaphotoofme.7.Healwayswantstogotohishometownandvisittheplace_hegrewup.,where/inwhich,inwhich/when,where/inwhich,where/inwhich,when/atwhich,where/atwhich,如何选用定语从句的关系词,1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,1.限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,2.非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：,a.AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasmurderedonApril14,1865.b.Hesentaspecialgovernor,amannamedGessler,whowouldrulewithafirmhand.,_,_,c.Helivesinanothert