MATLAB解析GPS数据程序

-% 注：本程序可直接在MATLAB 2017a 中运行%该脚本文件用于学习GPS数据的读取，需要做其他用途请自行修改代码%本脚本文件的前面几行代码是要设置的一些参数%默认使用COM3（需视情况修改）%波特率设为GPS模块默认的38400%下面为程序源码 clearnum_execute = 100; % 执行次数num_SingleRead = 150; %单次从串口读取的字节数(最好设置足够大（最低大概设为80），保证单次读取的数据包含一条完整的GPS数据)Timedelay = 0.2; % 用于延时读取串口数据BaudRate = 38400; % 读取数据的波特率Terminator = CR;num_MaxTry = 5; %打开串口的最多尝试次数BytesAvailableFcnCount = 1000;% 设置参数% delete(instrfindall); % 串口打开失败时使用此句% delete(s);clear s % 串口打开失败时使用此句serial3 = serial(COM3);% 串口设置 serial3.BytesAvailableFcnMode = byte;% serial3.InputBufferSize = 38400; % 输出波特率serial3.BaudRate = BaudRate; % 读入波特率% serial3.OutputBufferSize = 1024;serial3.BytesAvailableFcnCount = BytesAvailableFcnCount;serial3.ReadAsyncMode = continuous;serial3.Terminator = Terminator;% 打开串口count_opentimes = 1;while contains(serial3.status,closed) 0 & count_opentimes num_MaxTry fopen(serial3); %打开串口 count_opentimes = count_opentimes+1;endif contains(serial3.status,open) 0) GPS_DataStrs = fread(serial3,num_SingleRead,char); %一次读出10个字符 GPS_DataStrs = reshape(GPS_DataStrs,1,); GPS_DataStrs = split_str2strs(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp); show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data); pause(Timedelay); % 延时 num_execute = num_execute-1;end% fprintf(s,abcd); %给串口的发送数据% fscanf(s); %从串口的接收缓存读数据% 关闭串口并删除相关数据fclose(serial3); %关闭串口delete(serial3);clear serial3% %将字符串根据rn划分成多个子字符串,同时去掉首尾无用的残余字符串function out_strs = split_str2strs(StrData) if contains(class(StrData),char) uint8(StrData); end record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); if StrData(1) = uint8($) %开头为$的情况 flag_start = 1; else if size(record,2) 0 flag_start = record(1)+2; else out_strs = cell(0,0); return end end if StrData(end) = 13 flag_end = length(StrData)-1; else if size(record,2) 0 flag_end = record(end)-1; end end if flag_start = flag_end out_strs = cell(0,0); return end StrData = StrData(flag_start:flag_end); % 截取有效数据，方便下面划分子字符串 record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); num_strs = size(record,2)+1; out_strs = cell(num_strs,1); if num_strs 1 out_strs1,1 = char(StrData(1:record(1)-1); if num_strs = 2 out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(1)+2:end); else for i = 2 : num_strs-1 out_strsi,1 = char(StrData(record(i-1)+2:record(i)-1); end out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(i)+2:end); end else out_strs1,1 = char(StrData); end % 得到字符串中rn在字符串中的位置(实际为r的位置) function record = get_pos_enterflag(data) record = ; % 记录回车符号位置 for ii = 1 : length(data)-1 if data(ii) = 13 if data(ii+1) = 10 record = record,ii; ii = ii+1; end end end endend% 得到具体GPS结构体数据function GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(StrsData) GPS_Data_tmp = ; num_str = size(StrsData,1); for i = 1 : num_str str_tab = StrsDatai,1; if contains(str_tab,GGA) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GSA) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GSV) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,RMC) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,VTG) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,GLL) 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab); end endend% GPS字符串解析function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.altitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 经度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); % UTC时间转换为北京时间 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 = 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.CurState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PRN = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab)% 此语句为与卫星有关的信息（包括卫星方位，卫星编号）% 暂时用不着，不处理 GPS_Data_tmp = ;endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.speed = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 经度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6); % UTC时间转换为北京时间 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 = 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.step = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.velocity = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,); count = 1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 进一步处理 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 纬度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 经度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6);end% 更新获取到的相关数据function GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp)% 用不到的数据可以注释掉 if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,Time) = 1 GPS_Data.Time.hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; GPS_Data.Time.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min; GPS_Data.Time.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec; GPS_Data.Tlisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,DATE) = 1 GPS_Data.DATE.day = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day; GPS_Data.DATE.month = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month; GPS_Data.DATE.year = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,Latitude) = 1 GPS_Data.Latitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree; GPS_Data.Latitude.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min; GPS_Data.Latitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec; GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LatitudeDir) = 1 GPS_Data.LatitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,Longitude) = 1 GPS_Data.Longitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree; GPS_Data.Longitude.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min; GPS_Data.Longitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec; GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LongitudeDir) = 1 GPS_Data.LongitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,GPSState) = 1 GPS_Data.GPSState = GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,SatelliteNum) = 1 GPS_Data.SatelliteNum = GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,speed) = 1 GPS_Data.speed = GPS_Data_tmp.speed; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,velocity) = 1 GPS_Data.velocity = GPS_Data_tmp.velocity; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LocationState) = 1 GPS_Data.LocationState = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,altitude) = 1 GPS_Data.altitude = GPS_Data_tmp.altitude; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,CurState) = 1 GPS_Data.CurState = GPS_Data_tmp.CurState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LocationMode) = 1 GPS_Data.LocationMode = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,HDOP) = 1 GPS_Data.HDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,VDOP) = 1 GPS_Data.VDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,PDOP) = 1 GPS_Data.PDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,TrueDir) = 1 GPS_Data.TrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,MagneticAngle) = 1 GPS_Data.MagneticAngle = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,MagneticDir) = 1 GPS_Data.MagneticDir = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,ReferenceTrueDir) = 1 GPS_Data.ReferenceTrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,RelativeDir) = 1 GPS_Data.RelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,ReferenceRelativeDir) = 1 GPS_Data.ReferenceRelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,step) = 1 GPS_Data.step = GPS_Data_tmp.step; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,stepflag) = 1 GPS_Data.stepflag = GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,PRN) = 1 GPS_Data.PRN = GPS_Data_tmp.PRN; endend% 显示相关GPS数据function show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data) DataAndTime = sprintf(20%02s-%02s-%02s %02s:%02s:%02s:%03s,. GPS_Data.DATE.year,GPS_Data.DATE.month,GPS_Data.DATE.day,. GPS_Data.Time.hour,GPS_Data.Time.min,GPS_Data.Time.sec,GPS_Data.Tlisec); Location = sprintf( %s:%02s%02s%03s%04s,%s:%02s%02s%03s%04s,. GPS_Data.LatitudeDir,GPS_Data.Latitude.degree,GPS_Data.Latitude.min,GPS_Data.Latitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec,. GPS_Data.LongitudeDir,GPS_Data.Longitude.degree,GPS_Data.Longitude.min,GPS_Data.Longitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec);% Others = sprintf( GPSState:%s,SatelliteNum:%02s,Speed:%03s,Velocity:%s,LocationState:%s,.% GPS_Data.GPSState,GPS_Data.SatelliteNum,GPS_Data.speed,GPS_Data.velocity,GPS_Data.LocationState);% show_Message_str(strcat(DataAndTime,Location,Others); show_Message_str(strcat(DataAn