高一英语 句子成分 5种句型分析

GrammarforUnit2SentenceElements,AJourneyofGrammarSentenceElements英语句型分析,句子成份（1）主语主语(subject)是一个句子的整体，表示所说的对象是“谁”或者是“什么”。是句子所要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体。,主语Subject1)Wallshaveears.2)Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.3)Threeplusfourequalsseven.4)Toseeistobelieve.5)Smokingisnotallowedinpublic.6)Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.,可以担当主语的有：名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和主语从句,(2)谓语谓语动词(predicateverb)是说明主语的动作、行为、特征或状态的句子成分。谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。,谓语Verb1）Thechancemay(never)comeagain.2）Tomwasverysickatheart.3）Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994.,谓语动词由实义动词或系动词担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也可以构成谓语动词。,（3）表语Predicative表语放在系动词之后，用来说明主语的特征、性质、身份或状态等。,1）Myfatherisaprofessor.2）Whosthat?Itsme.3）Everythinghereisdeartoher.4）Thematchbecameveryexciting.5）Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.6）Threetimesfiveisfifteen.7）Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.8）Hishobbyisswimming.9）Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.,可作表语的有名词、代词、形容词与分词、介词短语、数词、动词不定式、动名词、表语从句等。,(3)宾语宾语（object）表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。英语中，介词后也会跟宾语。,宾语Object1）shecoveredherfacewithherhands.2）Wehaventseenherforalongtime.3）Doyoumindopeningthewindow?4）Givemefourplease.5）Hewantstodreamanicedream.6）Weknowwhatothersaredoing.,可作宾语的有名词、代词、动名词、数词、动词不定式、宾语从句。,（5）定语（attributive）定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词的词，短语，或句子。,定语(attributive)1）Theyarewomenworkers.2）Tomsfatherdidntwritehomeuntilyesterday.3）Equalpayforequalworkshouldbeintroduced.4）Theplayhasthreeacts.5）ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.6）Chinaisadevelopingcountry.7）Youhaventkeptyourpromisetowriteusoften.8）Mycathasagoodnoseformilk.9）ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.,作定语的有名词、名词所有格、形容词、数词、代词、分词短语、动词不定式、介词短语、定语从句等。,(6)状语状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。一般表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、原因,比较,结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等。,状语(adverbial)1）Chinaisextremelyrichinresources.2）Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.3）Shesattheredoingnothing.4）Weworktomakealiving.5）Strikewhiletheironishot.,作状语的有副词、介词短语、分词短语、动词不定式短语、状语从句等。,宾语补足语和主语补足语英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语（objectcomplement），才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语（subjectcomplement）。,1）Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.2）Hemademehappyandexcited.3）Wefoundeverythingthereingoodorder.4）Ishouldadviseyounottomissthechance.5）Icouldfeelmyheartbeatingfast.6）Shewaselecteddirectorofpublicrelations.7）Somegoodsareleftunsold.,宾语补足语,主语补足语,可以担当补足语的有名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语等。,5种基本句型,基本句型一：S+V（主谓）基本句型二：S+V+P（主谓表）基本句型三：S+V+O（主谓宾）基本句型四：S+V+IO+O（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：S+V+O+OC（主谓宾宾补）,基本句型一：+（不及物动词）,1.Thesunwasshining.2.Themoonrose.3.Thepenwritessmoothly.4.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.5.Theyhavebeensinginganddancingfortwohours.,此种句型后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,基本句型一：+（不及物动词）,1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hegrowstallandstrong.4.Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.,基本句型二：S+V+P(主语系动词+表语）,1.Whoknowstheanswer?2.Heenjoysreading.3.Theyatewhatwasleftover.4.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.5.Headmitsthathewasmistaken.,基本句型三：S+V+O（主谓+宾）,1.Hebroughtyouadictionary.2.Ishowedhimmypictures.3.Igavemycarawash.4.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.,基本句型四：S+V+IO+O（主谓+间接