新概念第二册 第73课

Lesson73Therecord-holder,Topicsfordiscussion:,Describeanyadventurethatyouorsomeoneyouknowhashadwhiletravelling.2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouplayedtruantfromshool/tookadayoffwork?3.Whataretheadvantages/disadvantagesof“hitchhiking”asatravelling?,Firstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.,Didtheboygowherehewantedto?,Wordsandexpressions,record-holder纪录保持者truantn.逃学的孩子unimaginativeadj.缺乏想像力的shamen.惭愧，羞耻hitchhikev.搭便车旅行meantimen.其间lorryn.卡车bordern.边界evadev.逃避，逃离,1.record-holdern.record-breakern.recordn./v.setup/buildup/make/createarecord2.truantn.playtruant(Br.)playhooky(Am.)=evadeschoolEg:Peteroftenplaystruantandplantsflowersinthegarden.,3.unimaginativeadj.imaginativeadj.n._v._ExTomisa_boy.Heisoftenfullof_._ismoreimportantthanknowledge.(AlbertEinsteen)Childrenaremore_thanadults.Eg:Whatashamethatitrainedtoday!Shameonyou!,imagination,imagine,.,4.shamen.putsbtoshame使某人感到羞愧Eg:Whatyouhavedoneputyourparentstoshame.toonesshame令人惭愧的是(reviewtoones-)Eg:Tomyshame,Ididntpasstheexam.Whatashame!（真可耻，真遗憾）=Shameonyou!,Shamefuladj.可耻的Eg.Hekepthisshamefulsecretfor30years.Shame-facedadj.没面子的Eg:Ifeltsomewhatshame-facedwhenImistookhiswater.ashamedadj.感到羞愧5.meantimen.期间inthemeantime=meanwhile(adv.)与此同时Eg:Iwanttotakeanap.,Shameshamefulashamed,Hewas_ofbeingunabletoanswerthequestionTostealmoneyfromablindpersonisa_actWhathehasdoneputmeto_.,.,hitchhikev.搭便车旅行hitchhike=takealift搭便车hitchhikern.搭便车的人O:Wouldyougivemearide/lift?bordern.边境国界边缘中俄边境：alaceborder:,theborderbetweenChinaandRussiatheChinese-Russianborder,蕾丝花边,evadev.逃避，逃离vt.（巧妙地）逃脱，躲开Sheevadedablowfromthemanandthencalledoutforhelp.vt.回避，逃避（尤指不当地）evadedoingsth.逃避做Manychildrendreamofevadingschool.avoid指通过一种合理的，正当的手段来避免做某事；evade指通过欺骗的手段来避免做某事。avoidtaxevadetax?whowasputintoprisonforevadingtax?,避税,逃税,getorkeepoutofthesborsth,Conversation,1、Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.playtruantfromschool=playtruant逃学Asaboy,Tomusedtoplaytruant(fromschool).,动词ing前面如果出现定语，若是名词，则采用名词所有格或名词短语本身。eighthoursseeingthefilm非谓语动词做主语，一律作单数看。Threehoursintheroom，Itistiring.Threehours()listeningtotheteacheristiring.Threehoursintheroomlisteningtotheteacheristiring.overandoveragain=againandagain一次又一次，一再地，反复许多次地Asmygrandmothercanthearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain.,asfaras+从句最大程度，到程度，AsfarasIknow,就我所知AsfarasIknow,hehasnobrothers.AsfarasIamconcerned,就我而言（表示个人观点看法）Eg:Asfarasmyknowledgegoes,thereisnosuchawordinEnglish.?whatdoyouthinkschoolexams?Aquietdaysfishing三小时的会议两星期的时间,threehoursmeetingthreehoursmeetingtwoweekstimetwoweekstime,2.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.creepoff=creepawaycreep-_-_vi.爬行，匍匐，（像爬行似地）慢慢前进Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.AsnakecreptintoRosesneckwhileshewaswritingaletter.vi.悄悄地/蹑手蹑脚地走；渐渐产生/出现WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.creepupon:悄悄来到，不知不觉到来whenwewerehavinglessons,hecreptin.当我们上课的时候，他偷偷混进来。,3、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.assb.hope/expect正如某人所希望的Eg:Ibecameagoodteacherasmymotherhoped.thansbhope/expect超过某人所希望的theFrench-Spanishborder法国与西班牙的边界（边界地带属于哪个地方由第一个国籍确定）notbut不是而是MyfellowAmericans,asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou,askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.Myfellowcitizensoftheworld,asknotwhatAmericawilldoforyou,butwhattogetherwecandoforthefreedomofman._?,JohnKennedy,Exercises,1.Everystudentaswellassometeacherswho_tovisitthemuseum_askedtobeattheschoolgate.AareareB.isisC.areisD.isare2.Apairofsunglasses_lyingonthetable.(be)3.Thenumberofstudentsinourclass_32.(be)4.Eachboyandeachgirl_(be)givenanewbook.5.There_(be)atableandtwochairsintheroom.,Grammar:主谓一致,所谓“主谓一致”就是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致。1动词不定式、动名词，或者主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Whatwewantissomewater我们需要水。Tosaysomethingisusuallyeasierthantodosomething说一些事往往要比做一些事容易。Whetherhewillcomeisstillunknown他是否会来还不知道。Seeingisbelieving.,注：当若干个动词不定式，动名词或主语从句被and连接起来当主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：Whathesaysandwhathedoesdontagree他言行不一致。Wherehecomesfromandwhatheisdoingherearesecrets他来自哪儿和他在这儿干什么都是谜。由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容若是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如：WhatweneedismoretimeWhatweneedaredoctors,2“就近一致”原则。当一个句子有两个主语，这两主语又是由“notonlybutalso”，“eitheror”“neithernor”连接起来时，谓语动词和离它最近的主语保持一致。如：NotonlyhebutalsoIamgoodatEnglish我们俩英语都不错。Eithertheyorheistocome不是他们就是他会来的,3当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，常作为一个整体来看，谓语动词用单数。Fiveyearsisalongtimetowaitforananswer为了等待一个答复4年时间够长的。4由and连接的两个并列主语一般谓语动词用复数。如：Plasticsandrubberneverrot塑料与橡皮永远不会腐烂。注：当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有every,each,no,manya修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Inourcountry,everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation,5.谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.6.谓语需用单数1）代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。Eachofushasatape-recorder.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.,7.指代意义决定谓语的单复数1）在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。Allisright.(一切顺利。)Allarepresent.(所有人都到齐了。)2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。他家不是一个大家庭。Hisfamilyisntverylarge.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。Arethereanypolicearound?,8.有些名词，如variety,number,population,proportion,majority等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。Anumberof+名词复数+复数动词。Thenumberof+名词复数+单数动词。Anumberofbookshavelentout.ThemajorityofthestudentslikeEnglish.9.与后接名词或代词保持一致1）用halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.Mostofthestudentsaretakinganactivepartinsports.2）在一些短语，如manya或morethanone所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由morethanof作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.许多人都读过这本书。,1TheleagueSecretaryandmonitor_askedtomakeaspeechatthe