英语修辞：平行结构和一语双叙.ppt

Syllepsisslepss一语双叙,Syllepsisisafigureinrhetoricbywhichaworddoesdutyinasentenceinthesamesyntacticalrelationtotwoormorewordsbuthasadifferentsenseinrelationtoeach.Acombinationofgrammaticalparallelismandsemanticincongruity,offenwithawittyorcomicaleffect.,syllepsis是指用一个词（如动词、形容词、介词等）同时与两个或更多的次搭配，在与一个词搭配时用一种意义，而在与另一个词搭配时则用另一种意义，这种搭配在句法规则和与以上都是正确的，并产生不同的字面意义和比喻意义。,Helostthegameandhistemper.,Sheopensthedoorandherhearttothehomelesschild.,Shewenthomeinafloodoftearsandasedanchair.,。Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoat.,Typesofsyllepsis1.Oneverbgovernstwonouns(v+ns)2.Oneadjectivemodifiestwoormorenouns(adj+ns)3.Oernstwoormoreobjects(prep+ns)4.Oneverbsharestwosubjects,1.Oneverbgovernstwonouns,ThenewlyelectedmemberforCentralLeekstooktheoathandhisseat.那位新当选的里慈中心区的委员宣誓就职。,Thesenatorpickuphishatandhiscourage.参议员拾起了帽子的同时鼓起了勇气。,.Thebaldoldmanlosthistemperandhishatbeforethewholeaudience.这老头在大庭广众之下，大发脾气，把帽子一抛。.Hecaughacoldandabus.他感冒了饼干上了公共汽车,2.Oneadjectivemodifiestwoormorenouns,形容词带起的“一语双叙”，有事可以把一些表现人情感的修饰语转而修饰事物,.Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoad.昨天他穿着一件蓝色的上衣，而且心情忧郁。,.Theirtauntsweremorecuttingthanknives.他们的嘲笑比喜爱到更锋利,3.OernstwoormoreobjectsOldpeoplegatheredinthesocialhallforcomradeshipandahotlunch.老年人相聚在宴会大厅里，一是为了友谊，二是为了一顿热气腾腾的午餐。一语双叙刻画老人的心理，解释了老人相聚的目的，语言栩栩如生，合情合理。,Shelookedatthefadedphotowithsuspicionandamagnifyingglass.她带着满腹孤疑借助放大镜看了看那张退了颜色的照片withsuspicion:toindicatemannerwithamagnifyingglass:toindicateistrument作者借助上下文的语义关照与衬托，把任务的心理和行动有机的联系起来，把所要表达的意思有效的传达给读者。,4.OneverbsharestwosubjectsTenminuteslaters,thecoffeeandCommanderDanaofNavalIntelligencearrivedsimultaneously十分钟后，咖啡和海军情报指挥官戴纳同时到了。Theink,likeourpig,keepsrunningoutofthepen.墨水从钢笔里源源不断的流出来，就像我们的小猪从猪圈里跑出来一样。,Parallelism,Definition:Similarityofstructureinapairorseriesofrelatedwords,phrases,orclauses.Alsocalledparallelstructure.,Examples,.Whenyouarerightyoucannotbetooradical;whenyouarewrong,youcannotbetooconservative.(MartinLutherKing,Jr.).Someofthepeoplesaidthattheelephanthadgoneinonedirection,somesaidthathehadgoneinanother,someprofessednoteventohaveheardofanyelephant.,founctionsofparallelism,1.Parallelismgivesemphasis,clarityandcoheranceofideasaswellastherhythmofthelanguage.E.gIspeekasaRepublican.Ispeekasawoman.IspeakasaUnitedStatessenator.IspeekasanAmerican.,founctionsofparallelism,2.Parallelismisoftenusedinpersuasivespeech.Itiseitherwithinasentenceacrosssentences,withinaparagraphoracrossparagaphs.Withinasentence1).andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.(AbrahamLincoln),Acrosssentences,Theseedyesow,anotherreaps;Thewealthyefind,anotherkeeps;Therobeyeweave,anotherwears;Thearmsyeforge,another