最新外研版九年级英语定语从句的用法PPT课件

.,1,语法复习课件-定语从句英语中，在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接定语从句和先行词的连词叫引导词（也叫关联词），通常放在定语从句之前。,引导定语从句的引导词可以是关系代词（如that,which,who,whom,whose等）或关系副词（如when,where,why等）。,定语从句的基本结构是：先行词+引导词+定语从句。,.,2,合并句子,1.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.2.Thewomanisinred.Thewomanismymother.Thewomanwhoisinredismymother.3.Themanisafarmer.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.,.,3,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,关系代词,关系副词,which,who,whom,whose,that,Where,when,.,4,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.,.,5,who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,.,6,Whom作定语从句的宾语,Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,.,7,whose作定语从句的定语.,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,.,8,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.,Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.,.,9,Exercise,1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.,2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.,.,10,4.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.,5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.,which/that,whom,6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.,which/that,.,11,7.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyinthetown.,8.All_wecandoistostudyhard.,9.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.,that,that,that,.,12,句子翻译,1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.,Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboyslife.,2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.,Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.,.,13,3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.,IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.,4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.,Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.,.,14,修饰物体时关系代词that和which的区分使用that的情况：1、当先行词是nothing,something,anything,all,each等不定代词时。eg.Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme?2、当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,each等修饰时。eg.Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。eg.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird.,.,15,4、当先行词被thevery,thelast,thenext,theonly等词修饰时。eg.ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.5、当先行词又有人又有物时。eg.IwontforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。eg.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介词之后。eg.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。eg.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.,.,16,修饰人时关系代词that和who,whom的区分。当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。eg.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。eg.Ihaveason,whoisreallylovelyandinteresting.Thereare40studentsintheclass,mostofwhomareboys.关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。eg.SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful.Maryhasaverygooddog,whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack.,.,17,Exercises:Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs.1.Isthistheroom_youcleanedlasttime?2.Isthistheroom_welivedbefore?3.Thisisthegarden_theystayedforanight.4.Thisisthegarden_theyvisitedlasttime.5.Tomhasforgottentheday_helefthishome.6.Tomhasforgottentheday_Itoldhimlastday.7.Shestillrememberstheyear_shefoundherfirstjob.8.Shestillrememberstheyear_shespentinJining.,that,where,where,that,when,that,when,that,.,18,一、判断定语从句引导词的一般规律：,1、关系代词,1）that既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。例如：Whostheboythatisreadingabook?正在看书的这个男孩是谁？（指人，作主语）Themanthatyoutalkedtoismyuncle.和你说话的那个人是我叔叔。（指人，作宾语）ThetrainthathasjustleftisforShanghai.刚发车的这趟列车是去上海的。（指物，作主语）Canyoushowmethephoto（that）youlikebest?你能把你最喜欢的这张照片给我看看吗？（指物，作宾语）,.,19,2）whose既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当定语。例如：Thisisthegirlwhosemathbookislost.这就是丢了数学书的女孩。（指人，作定语）Thehousewhosewindowsareclosedismine.窗户都关着的这栋房子就是我家。（指物，作定语）,3）which用来指代事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：Lookatthekiteswhichareflyinginthesky.瞧瞧那些在空中飞舞的风筝。（指物，作主语）Thepen（which）Imusingisprettygood.我正在用的这支笔相当好。（指物，作宾语）,4）who用来指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：Couldyourecognizethethiefwhostoleyourthings?你能认出偷了你的东西的那个小偷吗？（作主语）Theman（who）youwanttomeethascome.你要见的人来了。（作宾语）,.,20,2、关系副词,1）when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例如：Couldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft?你还记得列车发车的时间吗？IllneverforgetthedatewhenIjoinedtheLeague.我绝不会忘记我入团的日期。,2）where表示地点，在从句中作地点状语。例如：Isthistheshoefactorywhereyourfatherworks?这是你父亲工作的鞋厂吗？Pleaseshowmetheplacewheretheaccidenthappened.请带我到事故发生的现场去。,3）why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词通常是reason一词。例如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouwontcome.请告诉我你不能来的原因。,.,21,1、who，whom，that，which在从句中作宾语时，往往被省略，尤其是在口语和非正式文体中。2、关系代词who，whom，that，which在从句中作介词宾语时，不可省。3、关系代词who，that，which在从句中作主语时，不可省。4、关系代词whose在任何情况下都不能省略。,二、关系代词可不可省略的问题,.,22,三、只能用that作引导词的定语从句,1、先行词指物时，只能用that作引导词的定语从句：,2）先行词前有all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时。例如：Thereislittleworkthatisfitforyou.没什么工作适合你做。Ihaveeatenallthefoodthatisleft.我把剩下的所有食物都吃了。,1）先行词是指物的all,little,few,much,any,anything,something，everything,nothing,none,theone时。例如：AllthatIcandohasbeendone.我能做的都已经做了。Hewonttellyouanythingthathehasheardaboutit.他不会告诉你他所听到的有关它的任何情况。,3）先行词时what或which时，为了避免重复，多用that引导。例如：Whichisthehousethatcaughtfireyesterday?昨天失火的是那座房子？,4）先行词是therebe句型中的主语，且指物时。例如：Therearesomeapplesonthetablethatareniceandsweet.桌子上有些非常甜的苹果。,5）先行词作主句的表语时。例如：Itsabookthatwillhelpyoualot.这是一本对你有很大帮助的书。Itsasunnydaythatwearelongingfor.这是我们所渴望的晴天。,.,23,四、先行词指人时，只能用who作引导词的定语从句：,1、关系代词在从句中作主语时，通常用who。例如：Theboywhohelpedyouismyyoungerbrother.帮你忙的那个男孩是我弟弟。Isthewomanwhoridesaredbikeeverydayyouraunt?每天都骑着一辆红色自行车那个女人是你姑姑吗？,2、先行词为指人的all,one，ones