基于情境的英语语法教学第一章名词 可数名词（单数名词、复数名词）第三讲.可数名词

基于情境的英语语法教学,第一章名词,可数名词（单数名词、复数名词）,第三讲.可数名词,Whatsthis?Itsanapple.,Whatarethese?Theyareapples.,leadin,名词概述,1.怎么从单数变成复数呢？2.你知道那些变化规则呢？,变,复,数,单,数,规则变化,规则：一般情况加-s1.清辅音后读/s/map-mapsbook-books2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bagscar-cars,名词复数的规则变化(1),Thestudentsreadingbooksinthechairsindifferentclassroomsarediligent.,Therearemanyboxesinthebusesonthebridges,inwhichtherearealotofglasses,toothbrushesandwaches.,我会填：Ihelpmymotherwash_(dish)inthekitchen.,dishes,规则:以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加-es读/iz/,box-boxes,brush-brushes,match-matches,bus-buses,以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/例如：exercise-exercises，bridge-bridges，size-sizes,Now,letmetellyouastory,inmostbigcitiesofdifferentcountries,lotsofboybabiesareplayingthetoysinthepartiesbetweenthefactoriesandfamilies.,规则1：以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加es,读/iz/,baby-babies，family-familiescomedy-comedies,规则2：以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s构成复数形式。boyboys,规则：一般情况以f或fe结尾变f,fe为ves,读/vz/：如:half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveslife-livesthief-thieves,树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄，妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮，架(shelf)后窜出一只狼(wolf)，就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)忙。,名词复数的规则变化(4),Manywivesarecleaningthefallenleavesbehindtheselvesbythemselvesandcutingtheappleintohalves.,Reading:Whenlookingatthethreephotosinthezoo,Ifoundmanyheroeseatingmanydeliciouspotatoes,tomatoes,andmangoes.,规则：以O结尾的词加-es,读/z/的有:potato,tomato,hero,Negro，mango,巧记:黑人英雄正在吃土豆,西红柿和芒果。,牛刀小试练一练:,lady-orange-ruler-photo-friend-scarf-watch-hobby-case-wife-tree-key-hero-family-dictionary-leaf-party-question-,你做对了吗?,ladiesorangesrulersphotosfriendsscarveswatcheshobbiescaseswivestreeskeysheroesfamiliesdictionariesleavespartiesquestions,不规则变化,你会变吗?,Manywomendoctorswerewashingfeetbuthurttheirteethbygeese,sotheyblameditonthechildrenontheoxenwhowerechasingthemice.,二.名词复数的不规则变化：,规则：1.改变内部元音字母,foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse-miceman-menwoman-women,*man和woman修饰名词时前后都要变复数：manteacher-menteacherswomandoctor-womendoctors,我会填：Thisanimalhaseight_(foot).Lindaonlyhasthree_(tooth).,feet,teeth,轻松口诀小贴士,男人、女人a变e;鹅牙双脚oo变ee;孩子复数也是ren;老鼠(mouse)虱子(louse)本爱牛(ox)。man-men;woman-women;goose-geese，tooth-teeth,foot-feet,mouse-mice;child-children,louse-lice,ox-oxen，,ThreeChineseandthreeJapanesearefightingforthefish,sheepanddeerinaseriesofworks,becausetheywantcontrolthementirly.,规则:单复数同形的名词fish,deer(鹿),sheep,series,works(工厂),aircraft,means(手段),species,Chinese,Japanese.,思考：Therearesome_(deer)eatingthegrass.,deer,找规律：Twogrown-upswenttovisittheirfathers-in-lawwhoareeditors-in-chiefwiththeirgirlfriendsandgo-betweens.,1.有连词符号的复合名词的复数形式：有中心词的在中心词后加-S:lookers-on(旁观者)，passers-by(过路人)2.有连词符号的复合名词的复数形式：无中心词的直接在词后加-s:film-goer-film-goers(去看电影的人),复合名词的复数形式,只有复数形式的名词:,(1)表示物体本身由两部分组成,若表示一双/副用apairof.两双:twopairsof.glasses,trousers,scissors(剪刀),shorts,jeans,stockings(袜子),scales(天平),handcuffs(手铐).(2)部分以-ing结尾的词:greetings(问候),surroundings(环境),belongings(所有物),savings(储蓄),doings(行为),findings(调查结果).(3)意思不同于其单数形式的词:clothes,thanks,goods,remains(遗物,遗体),sweets(糖果).,四、表示（某国）人名词的复数,“中日瑞士不变，英法变，其余国人后面加S”ChineseChinese,JapaneseJapanese,SwissSwiss，EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericansGerman-Germans.,Eg:army;audience;crew;family;team;police;government;public,规则：集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看。一般来说，视为整体时作单数看，突出它的成员时作复数看。,集体名词的单复数,is,are,思考：Hisfamily_notlarge.(be)Hisfamily_allmusiclovers.(be),常用复数形式1.shakehandswith(=shakesbshand),2.makefriendswith3.changeseats/trains/buses等常用的结构，及thanks,cheers,congratulations,things(情况),affairs,feelings,4.asfollows(如下),intears,inruins,inpieces,inchains(被囚禁),inhighspirits,inonesteens/twenties,inthe1990s(或inthe1990s),intohalves,goodmanners,5.giveonesregards/bestwishesto,6.makecontributionsto,7.makepreparationsfor等,单数,复数,（1）一般情况在词尾加-s（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es（3）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es（5）以o结尾的通常有生命加-es，无生命加-s（6）以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es。（7）不规则变化,a/an+可数名词单数,总结：可数名词,Goon!,练一练,看一看这些变化你都会了吗？,综合练习,familiesknivesbooksbedswolvesbusesshelveszoospotatoescitiesphotos,leafpianoboxtomatobrushwatchbagcatradioboystrawberry,leavespianosboxestomatoesbrusheswatchesbagscatsradiosboysstrawberries,familyknifebookbedwolfbusshelfzoopotatocityphoto,你，敢挑战吗？,1.Two_(month)ago，three_(hero)caughtfour_(thief).Theymadethemplantsome_(potato)and_(bamboo)intwo_(zoo).Theyalsomadetheir_(wife)returnthefourbig_(box)withsomeprecious_(photo)and_(brush)inthem.,months,heroes,thieves,potatoes,bamboos,zoos,wives,boxes,photos,brushes,PracticeI：Fillintheblanks,2.Two_(editor-in-chief)，three_(manteacher)andfive_(womandoctor)，togetherwiththeir_(child)，wenttothemarket.Theydecidedtobuytwo_(sheep)，three_(deer)，four_(ox)，five_(goose)andsixwhite_(mouse)withthree_(foot)andsix_(tooth).,teeth,editors-in-chief,menteachers,women,doctors,children,sheep,deer,oxen,geese,mice,feet,PracticeII：Correctthesentences,1.(2008大纲卷I)Idliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglishaswell.2.(2013大纲卷)Inmyfamily,therearethreepeoples.3.(2009大纲卷II)Istayedthereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallright.4.(2010大纲卷II)Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.,places,people,hours,friends,5.IsittruethatsomeGermenwillcometovisitourschoolnextweek?6.Therearesomanykindsofcomputersonsalethatwecantmakeupourmindwhichtobuy.7.(2014新课标卷I)Sincethenforalltheseyearwehavebeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.8.(2013新课标卷I)Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktograyovertheyears.,Germans,years,minds,shoulders,9.(2012新课标卷)FromthetimeIwasaboutfouruntilIwasaboutsix,Idestroyedeachofmytoy.10.(2015新课标卷II)Oneday,littl