2015高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists课件 新人教版必修5

,一、单词识记,1._n.宇宙;世界2._n.受害者3._n.附近;邻近4._adj.严重的,剧烈的5._n.特征;特性,characteristic,universe,victim,neighborhood,severe,6._vt.照顾；出席；参加7._vt.吸收；吸引；使专心8._vt.预见；预知9._adj.积极的；肯定的10._vt.打败；战胜n.失败,defeat,attend,absorb,foresee,positive,11._n.治愈vt.治愈12._n.柄；把手vt.处理13._vt.怀疑n.嫌疑犯14._n.挑战vt.挑战15._adj.熟练的n.专家,expert,cure,handle,suspect,challenge,二、单词拓展(A)单词派生,1._n.科学_n.科学家_adj.科学的2._vt.分析_n.分析,analysis,science,scientist,scientific,analyze,3._vt.污染；弄脏_adj.受污染的_n.污染,pollute,polluted,pollution,4._vt.命令；指示；教导_n.指示；教导,instruct,instruction,5._vt.结束_n.结束;结论6._n.小心;谨慎_adj.小心的;谨慎的,cautious,conclude,conclusion,caution,(B)灵活运用1.Heneededmore_(science)experimentstosupporthistheory.1.形容词作定语。2.Shehascometothe_(conclude)thathedoesnotloveheratall.2.名词做宾语。,scientific,conclusion,3.Hefellillbecauseofeatingthe_(pollute)seafood.3.形容词作定语。4.The_(analyse)ofthefoodshowedthepresenceoffood.4.名词做主语。5.Followthe_(instruct)whenyouoperatethemachine.5.名词做宾语。,polluted,analysis,instructions,1._提出2._讲得通；有意义3._使显露；暴露4._将和联系起来,三、短语翻译,link.to.,putforward,makesense,expose.to,5._除之外；此外6._对严格7._得出结论8._导致；引起,leadto,apartfrom,(be)strictwith,drawaconclusion,9._失去控制10._受责备11._在建设中12._结束,cometoanend,outofcontrol,betoblame,beunderconstruction,四、课文回顾JohnSnowwasawell-knownphysicianinLondoninthe19thcentury.1_famouswashethatheevenattendedQueenVictoriatoeasethe2_(bear)ofherbabies.However,hedecidedtodefeatcholera,adeadlydiseaseatthattimewhenhesawthousandsofpeople3_(expose)toitdiedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.,So,birth,exposed,In1854whencholerabrokeout，hebegantogatherinformationandmarkedonamap4_allthedeadpeoplehadlived.Hefoundmanypeoplewhohaddrunk5_dirtywaterfromthepumpdied.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hefoundawomanand6_daughterwhohadthewaterdeliveredfromthepumpeverydaydiedofcholeraafterdrinkingthewater.,where,the,her,7_thisextraevidenceJohnSnowannouncedthatthepollutedwaterwas8_(blame).Hesuggestedthesourceofallwatersupplies9_(examine)andnewmethodsofdealing10_waterbefound.Finally，“KingCholera”wasdefeated.,With,toblame,beexamined,with,五、课文概要以约30个词概括课文内容要点。,JohnSnow,afamousdoctorandexpert,succeededindefeatingKingCholerainascientificway.CholerawasadeadlydiseaseandhadattackedLondontwiceinthe1850s.,1.curevt.治愈;矫正n.治愈;疗法；措施原句Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。(B5P2),例句Uptillnow,PeoplehavenotfoundaneffectivecureforAIDS.到目前为止,人们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效的方法。,curesb.ofsth.治好某人的(疾病、坏习惯等)acurefor.治疗的方法/药物,运用Hersonwasaddictedtothecomputergamesandshehadto_(使他改掉这个习惯).Thegovernmentisfindingacure_theseverepollution.,curehimofthehabit,for,原句Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。(B5P2),2.absorbvt.吸收；吸引(注意力),例句Darkclothesabsorbedlighteasily.深色衣服容易吸收光线。搭配beabsorbedin全神贯注于,专心致志于,运用完成下列句子。当我进来时,他正聚精会神地看小说。WhenIentered,he_anovel.我们可以从广泛的阅读中吸收许多有用的东西。Wecan_fromextensivereading.,absorbalotofusefulthings,3.betoblame(forsth.)(为某事)应受责备/承担责任原句Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来水是罪魁祸首。(B5P2),例句Mr.Smithwastoblamefortheaccident.史密斯先生要为事故负责。搭配blamesb.forsth.为某事责备某人,运用完成下列句子或填入一个恰当的介词。我不怪你,我怪我自己。Idonotblameyou,butI_.,那次事故怪不得Tom,毕竟他还是个孩子。LittleTomwasnot_fortheaccident.Afterall,heisonlyachild.Hismotherblamedhim_hisdishonesty.,for,toblame,4.putforward提出;提前;被提名原句Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出关于黑洞的理论？(B5P1)例句Heoftenputsforwardsomeusefuladvice.他总能提出一些有用的建议。,Wehavetoputthemeetingforwardbytwoweeks.(意思_)Dr.Kingputforwardasuggestionthattalentedstudentsshouldbeplacedinspecialclasses.(意思_),运用说出下列句中划线部分的意思。,将提前,提出建议,HisnamewasputforwardfortheChairmanoftheStudentsUnion.(意思_),被推荐/提名,原句Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove,youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的结构,你还学了下列词组。(B5P4)例句Apartfromschoolwork,Ispendmysparetimeinsingingandangling.,5.apartfrom除了,用法apartfrom是短语介词,既相当于besides/inadditionto/aswellas,又相当于except(for)。运用用besides，except，exceptfor替代apartfrom。Apartfromthecost,timeshouldalsobeconsidered.(_),Apartfrom=Besides(Inadditionto),Apartfromafewmistakes,itisagoodcomposition.(_)Apartfromtheending,itsreallyagoodfilm.(_),Apartfrom=Except(notincluding),Apartfrom=Exceptfor,6.bestrictwithsb.(insth.)(在某方面)对某人严格要求原句Ineedtobestrictwith我需要对要求严格(B5P6)例句Youmustbestrictwithyourselfinstudy.你在学习上要对自己严格。,运用填入一个恰当的介词。OurEnglishteacherisverystrict_us_ourhomework.Mymotherisnotonlystrict_herworkbutalsostrict_me.,with,with,in,in,原句Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.有一位从宽街搬过来的妇女，她特别喜欢那里的水,每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里。(B5P3),1.havesth.done让某人干某事;遭遇某事,例句Youdbetterhavethemachinerepairedtomorrow.你最好明天找人来修机器。,仿写把下列句子译成英文。明天我要去理发。Iwill_.爸爸几天前去拔牙。Myfather_afewdaysago.,havemyhaircuttomorrow,hadhistoothpulled,原句Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上,而行星则围绕着太阳转,只有月球仍然绕着地球转。(B5P7),2.with+宾语+非谓语动词,例句Icantfallasleepwiththebabycrying.婴儿一直在哭,我睡不着觉。,仿写把下列句子译成英文。鸟儿在鸣叫,我们在森林里愉快地散步。Wewalkedhappilyintheforest_.还有很多作业要做,我今晚不能和你去看电影了。_,Icantgotoseethemoviewithyoutonight.,Withalotofhomeworktodo,原句Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.为了阻止这样的事再发生,约翰。斯诺建议所有的水源都要检查。,3.suggest(that)sb.(should)do建议某人做某事,例句Thedoctorsuggestedhehaveagoodrest.医生建议他要好好休息。,仿写把下列句子译成英文。他建议我们工作后要好好休息。_afterwork.她建议你去那里之前先打个电话。_beforeyougoroundthere.,Shesuggested(that)you(should)phone,Hesuggested(that)we(should)haveagoodrest,4.Onlyif+从句，倒装原句Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。,例句OnlyifyouareinLondoncanyourealizeitsbeauty.只有当你亲身来到伦敦,你才能体会到它的美。句型Only引导的介词短语或副词或状语从句放在句首时,要倒装。,仿写把下列句子译成英文。只有用这种方法你才能在这么短的时间内完成它。Onlyinthisway_.只有当你用心学习时,你才能取得大的进步。Onlywhenyouputyourheartintostudy_.,willyoumakegreatprogress,原句Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.有一位妇女，她是从宽街搬过来的，非常喜欢那里从水泵打上来的水，每天都要派人去那里运水到她家里来。(P2B5),分析本句主干是Awomanlikedthewater；who引导的是一个_从句，补充说明Awoman；句型sothat中的that引导一个结果状语从句；在这个结果状语从句中又有一个句型havesthdone，表示“_”。,请人做某事,非限制性定语,语言知识运用,1.西蒙的语文老师对西蒙要求很严格。1.Simonslanguageteacherisverystrictwithhim.2.他经常提出问题让西蒙回答。2.HeoftenputsforwardquestionsforSimontoanswer.,3.除此之外,他还建议西蒙要从课文得出结论。3.Apartfromthis,hesuggestsSimondrawconclusionsfromsometexts.4.西蒙在阅读中吸收了很多的知识。4.Simonabsorbsalotofknowledgefromreading.,5.西蒙让他的同学帮他修改作文,并学习优秀作文。Simonhashiscompositionscheckedbyhisclassmatesandlearnsfromthegoodarticles.6.每次西蒙想放弃的时候,他总是鼓励他。EverytimeSimonwantstogiveup,healwaysencourageshim.,7.只有当他不放弃的时候,他才能获得成功。Onlyifhedoesntgiveupcanhesucceed.8.在老师的帮助下,西蒙进步很快。Withthehelpoftheteacher,Simonhasmaderapidprogress.,合并：SimonslanguageteacherisverystrictwithhimandheoftenputsforwardquestionsforSimontoanswer.Apartfromthis,hesuggestsSimondrawconclusionsfromsometextsandinthisway,Simonabsorbsgreatknowledgefromreading.,Inaddition,Simonhashiscompositionscheckedandlearnsfromthegoodarticles.EverytimeSimonwantstogiveup,healwaysencourageshimnotto,becauseonlyinthiswaycanhesucceed.Withthehelpoftheteacher,Simonhasmaderapidprogress.,StephenHawkingwasbornon8January,1942(300yearsafterthedeathofGalileo)inOxford,England.Whenhewaseight,hisfamilymoved1_StAlbans,atownabout20milesnorthofLondon.2_elevenStephenwenttoStAlbansSchool,andthenontoUniversityCollege,Oxford,hisfathersoldcollege.,1.表示到去。2.表示“在某人岁时”要用at。,At,to,Stephenwantedtodomathematics,3_hisfatherwouldhavepreferredmedicine.MathematicswasnotavailableatUniversityCollege,sohedidPhysicsinstead.Afterthreeyearsandnotverymuchworkhe4_(award)afirst-classdegreein5_(nature)science.,3.前后句意为让步关系。4.由句意可知用被动语态。5.名词作定语。,although/though,wasawarded,natural,StephenthenwentontoCambridge6_(do)researchincosmology(宇宙学),therebeingnooneworkinginthatareainOxfordatthetime.HissupervisorwasDenisSciama,althoughhe7_(hope)togetFredHoylewhowasworkinginCambridge.,6.不定式作状语,表目的。6.根据句意要ongoing过去完成时态,表示“原希望”。,todo,hadhoped,StephenHawkinghasworkedonthebasiclaws8_governtheuniverse.WithRogerPenrose9_showedthatEinsteinsGeneralTheoryofRelativitywouldhaveabeginningintheBigBangand10_endinblackholes.,8.引导定语从句修饰前面的thebasiclaws。9.指StephenHawking。10.不定冠词的基本用法,因为后面的名词以原因开头,故填an。,an,he,which,二、阅读理解,A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamousB.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous,1.Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”,theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare_.,B推理判断题。最后一段(尤其是第1句)给出了提示。虽然红绿灯、透视玻璃等(当然包括雨刮器)的发明者没有电灯和电话的发明者那样出名，但它们都是很有用处的。,A.addcolourandvarietytostudentscampuslifeB.informstudentsofthewindshieldwipersinventionC.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversityD.preparestudentstotrytheirowninvention,2.ProfessorJoanMcLeanscourseaimsto_.,D细节理解题。从第2段的Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,motivatedt