2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars period 3 Learning about Language课件 新人教版必修3

period3learningaboutlanguage,2whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what引导_从句，并在从句中充当_)3whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.(what引导_从句，并在从句中充当_),sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(第一个whether引导_从句；第二个whether引导_从句)【答案】1.a2.b3.c4.c,名词性从句()一、基础点拨(一)定义在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句，即为主语从句。(二)引导主语从句的词及其在句中的功能详细内容见下面的“用法详解”部分。,二、用法详解1连接词that和whether/ifthat引导主语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。whether/if引导主语从句，在主从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但有自己的意义，也不可省略。thatshecouldcometohelpusmadeusveryhappy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。,thatthebigearthquakehadkilledmanypeoplefrightenedpeopleallovertheworld.大地震使很多人丧生令世界震惊。whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否会来仍是个谜。itisstillunknownif/whethertheplanwillbecarriedout.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。,(1)whether引导的主语从句置于句首时，不可用if来替换。(2)if引导主语从句时，要用it作形式主语，将if引导的主语从句后置，此时whether与if可互换。,2连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等。连接代词引导从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。whatsurprisedmemostwasthatthelittlegirlcouldplaytheviolinsowell.(what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语)最令我吃惊的是那个小女孩拉小提琴拉得那么好。,whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.(who引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)不知道谁会去听音乐会。whichbooktheywillchooseisstillunknown.(which引导主语从句，并在从句中作定语)不知道他们会选哪本书。,3连接副词when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever，however等。连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。whenweshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.(when引导主语从句，并在从句中作时间状语)我们还没决定何时举行运动会。howtheywillreachthetopofthehighmountainisstillunderdiscussion.(how引导主语从句，并在从句中作方式状语)他们仍在讨论如何到达那座高山的山顶。,三、难点突破(一)主语从句与形式主语it1itis名词词组主语从句。itsapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.很可惜你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛。2itis形容词主语从句。itisuncertainwhetherhecancometojennysbirthdaypartyornot.他是否能够参加詹妮的生日聚会还不确定。,注意：在“itbeadj.从句”这一结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange/essential等时，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。如：itisveryimportantthatastudent(should)learnenglishwell.学生学好英语很重要。,3itis过去分词主语从句。itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.(it为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句)据报道，16人在地震中丧生。,在该句型中，过去分词若为advised/ordered/asked等时，从句谓语用“(should)do”。itisorderedthattheyshouldhandintheirdesignsatonce.命令他们马上交上他们的设计方案。,4itseems/appears/occurstosb/doesntmatter/makesnodifference主语从句。itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.看起来好像要下雨。5it及物动词宾语that从句。itsurprisedhimthattheycametovisithimsuddenly.让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。,(二)主语从句中应注意的问题1从句的语序要用陈述语序。whatyouneedismorepractice.你需要的是更多的练习。2从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。whattheyneedislove.他们需要的是关爱。,注意：what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。whattheschoolneedsmucharebooks.这所学校需要的是书。whattheschoolneedsmuchismoney.这所学校需要的是钱。,3从句的时态一般要取决于主句。theylosttheirwayintheforestandwhatmadethingsworsewasthatnightbegantofall.他们在森林里迷路了，更糟糕的是夜幕开始降临。,.用合适的词填空1everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.itdoesntmatter_youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.2itisimmediatelyclear_thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.3ithasbeenproved_eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.,4_isobviouslyrightistogiveallchildrenequalopportunitiestodeveloptheirspecialgift.5_wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.6_wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.7itisnoneofyourbusiness_otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.believeyourself.,8itsuddenlyoccurredtohim_hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.9_hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.10_makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.11ithasbeenproved_takingexerciseregularlydoesgoodtooneshealth.12_burnstheforestshouldbepunished.,13_theflighttoshanghaiwillbedelayedis_imespeciallyworriedabout.14mrs.whitelooksoldforherage.yes.itworrieshermost_herhairisturninggray.15itremainstobeseen_thenewlyformedcommitteespolicycanbeputintopractice.,【答案】1.whether2.whether3.that4.what5.what6whoever7.what8.that9.what10.what11that12.whoever13.whether;what14.that15whether,.完成句子1_isamiracle.他在这场事故中幸免于难，真是奇迹。2_isstillamystery.他为什么且如何去了美国至今还是个谜。3_isknowledge.学生们需要的是知识。,4_shallbe