选修7 第四单元Learning about Language

,选修7,英语教学课件系列,Unit4Sharing,LearningaboutLanguage,1._tochangeslightlytomakesomethingworkbetter2._ametalshelfforcookingmeat,toastingbread,etc3._connectedwithwhatisbeingdoneordiscussed,Findwordsintheunitthathavethefollowingmeanings.,adjust,grill,relevant,4._anidea5._anhonour6._somethingthathasbeenorganized7._writtenworkinanoffice,suchaswritingreportsorletters8._tobreatheairintoyournosenoisily,concept,privilege,arrangement,paperwork,sniff,otherwise,airmail,bedyingto,adjust,muddy,hearfrom,fortnight,platform,remote,2Completetheparagraphwiththewordsorphrasesbelowintheirproperforms.,Sharonlookedatherselfinthemirrorandsighed.Shehadpostedthe_lettertoTimlastweekbuthadhadnoreply.Shesmoothedherhairdownwithawetcomb,wipedher_shoes,andthoughtaboutthethreemonthsshehadknownhim.Hewasthenicestboyshehadevermet,_shewouldnothavefalleninlovewithhim.,airmail,otherwise,muddy,Shestillrememberedthathe_quicklywhenheheardshecamefroma_village.Atfirstshehad_himeveryweekbutnowshehadnotheardfora_.Why?Shehaddecidedtofindout.Shewalkeddownthe_tocatchthetraintoNewYorkfeelingbothexcitedandnervous.She_seehimagainbutwhatifhedidntwanttoseeher?,adjusted,wasdyingto,remote,heardfrom,fortnight,platform,1.(dry_)tobecomecompletelydry2.(dry_)tobecomedryonthesurface3.(dry_)tocometoanend4.(hear_)tolistentosomebodytilltheend5.(hear_)toreceivealetteroraphonecallfromsomeone,from,out/up,off,up,out,3Lookatthesedefinitionsandmakesuitablephrasalverbswiththewordsintherightbox.,6.(hear_)tohaveknowledgeofsb/sth7.(bedying_)towanttodosomethingverymuch8.(die_)todisappearorstopexistingcompletely9.(die_)tograduallygetquieter,down,of,for/to,out,TheAttributiveClause1,Heisafamousplayer.,1,2,3,HeisthefamousplayerwhohasbecomeoneofthevolunteersofChinaBoneMarrow(骨髓)Bank.,4,Heisasinger.,Hewasthesingerwhosemoneywascompletelyspentinsponsoring(资助)poorchildrentogotoschool.,Thisisthevolunteersignwhich/thatisdesignedforthe29thBeijingOlympicGames.,Thisisavolunteersign.,Itisonepartofourcountrywherelotsofgraduatorsarewillingtogoandhelppoorpeople.,A,B,B,C,C,Itisonepartofourcountry.,XuBenyuisa24-year-oldboy.Hisfamilyisverypoor.,XuBenyuisa24-year-oldboywhosefamilyisverypoor.,Whenhewasstillastudent,hebegantosponsorthosestudents.B.Thosestudentswerepoorerthanhim.,Whenhewasstillastudent,hebegantosponsorthosestudentswhowerepoorerthanhim.,XuBenyuistheveryperson.Weshouldlearnfromhim.,XuBenyuistheverypersonwhomweshouldlearnfrom.,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之_，修饰名词的从句,关系词,1.连接作用,2.在从句中充当成分,后,关系词,1.关系代词,2.关系副词,1.,指人,2.,指物,3.,指某一情况,that,who,whom,whose,that,which,whose,which,as,不能放于句首,放于句中或句首,“正如”,when,where,why,(主语/宾语),(状语),=介词+which,引导定语从句的关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhose,that即指人又指物,作主语或宾语。Which指物,作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语或宾语，whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时,可省去。,1.that在从句中作主语或宾语,指人和物。1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(主语)2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.(宾语)3)Letsaskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.(主语)4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJimsister.(宾语),2.which在从句中作主语或宾语,指物Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidntneedmuchwater.(主语)2)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.(宾语)3.who、whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语(口语中who也可作宾语)TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.(主语),2)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.(主语)3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(宾语)4)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.(宾语),4.whose在从句中作定语,指人或物。MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.3)Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.,关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。如:Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.,NOTE,2.当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that。Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.在以疑问词who开头的句子中,或关系代词在从句中作表语时,用that,不用who。Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.,3.先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时,用whom或that(介词后不用that)。Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略,如上面第一句from后面的whom就不能省略。,4.下列情况只用that不用which引导定语从句。1)先行词是all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,noone,some等不定代词。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2)先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,等所修饰时。Theonlythingthathecoulddowaswaiting.ThelastplacethattheyvisitedwasBeijing.,3)先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthefirstfilmthatIveeverseen.ThelastplacethattheyvisitedwasBeijing.4)先行词中既有人又有物时。Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisited.,5)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。6)在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,要用that。Whoeverthatiscontentwithalittleprogresscantmakebigachievements.7)关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that。Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.Thisisnolongerthedirtyplace(that)itusedtobe.,注意,先行词是人时一般不受上述情况的限制。但是,当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时,为了避免重复,最好不用who来引导定语从句,而用that(宾格可以用whom)来引导。b.当先行词是those时宜用who。c.当先行词和定语从句相隔离时宜用who。ImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldaskedmequestionsinChinesed.当一个句子带有两个定语从句时,其中一个用that另一个宜用who。Themanthatyoumetinthestreetyesterdayistheonewhostoleyourwallet.,Areyouclearnow?OK.Letsdosomeexercises!,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose,Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.,that/who,which/that,Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.,which/that,who/whom/that,whose,that/which,1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星)是人,所以应用表示人的关联词who。,真题解析,D,2.(2006北京)Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.Awho;/B/;whoCwho;whoD/;/解析:本题考查两个定语从句,这两个定语从句都缺少主语,在定语从句中,如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,关系代词不能省略，故答案选C。,C,3.(2006福建)Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that解析:whose在定语从句中做roof的定语，用于修饰house.,A,4.(2005福建)-Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?-Right,justtheone_youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解析:从句中youknow是插入语,所以用where引导表示地点的定语从句。,C,1.Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_appearedararerainbowsoon.(2008福建）A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich,高考链接-2008,D,2.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2008陕西卷)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich,D,3.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_arebeyondourcontrol.(2008湖南卷)A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat,B,4.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,_therewontbemuchwork.(2008上海春招)A.whereB.thatC.bywhichD.withoutwhich,D,5.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich,C,6.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.(2008年上海卷)A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich,C,Itisreportedthattwoschools,_arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.2007四川卷A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich2.Weshouldntspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_arehealthy.2007北京卷A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom,高考链接-2007,D,D,3.Hewas