（包头专版）2020中考英语复习方案 第二篇 语法专题突破 专题10 非谓语动词课件

,专题(十)非谓语动词,第二篇语法专题突破,考点一动词不定式,1.动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形;否定形式为:notto+动词原形。,2.动词不定式的用法,(续表),(续表),3.动词不定式考点归纳(1)后跟不定式作宾语或宾补的动词(短语):afford,begin/start,choose,decide,try,hope/wish,expect,agree,promise,happen,refuse,learn,seem,volunteer,fail,(would)like/love,want,ask,tell,allow,warn,encourage,force,invite,teach,advise,tryonesbest等(2)在使役动词和一些感官动词后用不定式作宾补,这时要省略to。这些词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(observe,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时,to要还原。,(3)在“whynot+动词原形?”“hadbetter(not)+动词原形”“lets+动词原形”这三个结构中,动词不定式要省略to。whynotgooutforawalk?为什么不出去散步呢?youdbettergobybus.你最好乘公共汽车去。,【巧学妙记】后跟todo作宾语的动词(短语):想要,拒绝,忘记(want/wouldlike,refuse,forget)需要,努力,学习(need,try,learn)喜欢,同意,帮助(like,agree,help)希望,决定,开始(hope/wish,decide,begin/start),4.既能接动词不定式又能接动词-ing形式的动词(1)既能接动词不定式又能接动词-ing形式作宾语,且意义差别不大的动词有:like,love,hate,begin,start等。doyoulikeplaying/toplayfootball?你喜欢踢足球吗?,(3)在think,find,make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语,而把不定式移至形容词或名词后,构成“主语+动词+it(形式宾语)+宾补(形容词/名词)+不定式(真正的宾语)”结构。ifounditdifficulttosolvetheproblem.我发现解决这个问题很难。,考点二动名词,1.动名词的构成:动词原形+-ing,与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质又有名词的性质。,2.动名词的用法,(续表),3.后接动名词作宾语的词及短语(1)常接动名词作宾语的动词有:enjoy,finish,consider,miss,keep,mind,practice,suggest,avoid,prefer,need/require/want等(2)常接动名词作宾语的短语有:bebusy,feellike,giveup,canthelp,beusedto,beworth,beafraidof,beproudof,beinterestedin,cantstop,keep/stopfrom,lookforwardto,putoff,havefun,havedifficulty/problem/trouble(in)等,【巧学妙记】后接动名词作宾语的词(短语):完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,canthelp,feellike)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind),考点三分词,1.构成(1)现在分词:v.-ing形式,表示动作正在发生,表主动意义。(2)过去分词:v.-ed,表示动作已经完成,含有被动意义。,2.用法,(续表),1.2019包头whywereyouangrywithyourdaughter?shewasbusyandtakingselfies(自拍)wheniwastalkingtoher.a.textingb.totextc.textd.texted2.2018包头asweallknow,apersonlearnsmanythingsbymakingmistakesandthem.a.correctsb.correctc.tocorrectd.correcting,a,d,3.2017包头whydidyoubuysomanyflowers?mywife.ididsomethingwrongyesterday.sheisstillangrywithme.a.pleaseb.topleasec.pleasingd.bepleased,答案b解析考查非谓语动词。动词不定式表目的。故选b。,4.2014包头iftheresalotofwork,idliketokeeponuntilitisfinished.a.dob.todoc.doned.doing,答案b解析考查非谓语动词。该题中,动词不定式作后置定语,theresalotofworktodo.意为“有很多要做的工作。”故选b。,5.2019包头一模whenyouspeakenglish,youmayoftenforgetwords.itfeelsliketoeatsoupwithafork.a.tryingb.totryc.triedd.willtry,a,6.2019青山二模willyoucometothenetbarwithme?sorry.myparentsalwaystellmethere.a.notgob.nottogoc.notgotod.nottogoto7.2018包头一模theideaoffreebikesthatbeganinpolandisdoingwhatitcan.a.controlpollutionb.tocontrolpollutionc.controllingpollutiond.controlledpollution,b,b,8.2018青山二模takeeverythinglifethrowsatyouasachance_yourself.whateverhappens,sticktoyourhope.a.improveb.improvingc.toimproved.toimproving9.2017东河一模goodmorning!howniceitisallofyouinmyclassthisyear.idliketoknoweachofyou.iamsurewewillenjoyworkingtogether.a.havingb.tohavec.hadd.havehad